Slideshow of NYC's Garbage/Littering Scene--City now #1 "America's Dirtiest City" by TRAVEL+LEISURE, Sept. 2012. Presented at NECOPA Conference on Public Administration, John Jay College, October 2011.
From an Elitist to a More Just Urban Landscape in California's East Bay Area
A talk by Don Mitchell, Professor of Geography, Syracuse University. Recorded in Toronto, 9 July 2015.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxI8dye_GO0
The Economic and Environmental Benefits of Waste Reduction Stephen Lisauskas
Stephen Lisauskas leverages expertise in public administration to serve as a Senior Associate at the Edward J. Collins Center for Public Management at the University of Massachusetts Boston. On top of this role, Stephen Lisauskas serves as the Vice President of Government Affairs and the Regional Vice President of Municipal Partnerships at WasteZero.
From an Elitist to a More Just Urban Landscape in California's East Bay Area
A talk by Don Mitchell, Professor of Geography, Syracuse University. Recorded in Toronto, 9 July 2015.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxI8dye_GO0
The Economic and Environmental Benefits of Waste Reduction Stephen Lisauskas
Stephen Lisauskas leverages expertise in public administration to serve as a Senior Associate at the Edward J. Collins Center for Public Management at the University of Massachusetts Boston. On top of this role, Stephen Lisauskas serves as the Vice President of Government Affairs and the Regional Vice President of Municipal Partnerships at WasteZero.
Community Gardens Benefits
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
There's a crisis impending. We are burying ourselves in waste. The waste we produce cannot be managed within the current paradigms. But there's hope. 20 million people worldwide make their living collecting, sorting, transporting, recycling and recovering resources that other people have thrown out.
Technology and infrastructure are expensive, and not necessarily the most effective, or flexible solution. With multi-million dollar investments in infrastructure and equipment, the US diverts only 34% of its waste from landfills. In other parts of the world, the informal sector, collectors, waste pickers, junk shops, scavengers, have been known to divert as much as 80% of the waste from landfill.
While I envision a future without so much packaging, we do need to recycling in the mean time. We need to increase diversion rates and it is smart to invest in light infrastructure, flexible solutions and people along the way.
Presented at Ignite! Minneapolis, May 2013
Chicago Panels Details COOKED documentary Film July 12-25, 2019Jim Bloyd, DrPH, MPH
This is a list of the panels and panelists for the July 12-25 2019 screenings of COOKED in Chicago, Illinois at the Gene Siskel Film Center, 164 N. State St., Chicago, Illinois. USA
Rebuilding West Liberty Strategic ReportRobert Clark
Midwest Clean Energy Enterprise LLC developed a strategic plan to rebuild West Liberty. On March 2, 2012, the town of West Liberty, Morgan County, Kentucky suffered a massive tragedy. An F3 tornado ripped through this community of about 3,400 residents, killing six, devastating nearly 400 homes, businesses and government structures, and destroying much of the downtown area.
SUSTAINABILITY: WASTE AND LITTER. What is waste? Who creates waste? What is litter? Who creates litter? List of common waste. Domestic waste. Food waste.
Waste sources types - visual pictograms for each type e.g. household, municipal, consutruction waste, industry or commerce waste.
Ways of waste treatment and recycling such as landfill, incinetation of garbage, waste waters, composting of waste.
Waste generation statistics charts with iconography, Eurostat data. Waste recovery data chart and waste prevention diagram.
NEW ZEALAND HISTORY: EUROPEANS TO 1840. Abel Tasman 1642. JAMES COOK 1769. AUSTRALIAN OUTPOST. MAORI-EUROPEAN INTERACTION. MISSIONARIES. BOOKS AND BULLETS. INTER-TRIBAL WARS.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT at KALUTHARA(KALUTHARA URBAN COUNCIL)
A presentation Done by the 1st Year Students (Group 2) of the Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura for the Environmental Chemistry Assignment..
Community Gardens Benefits
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
There's a crisis impending. We are burying ourselves in waste. The waste we produce cannot be managed within the current paradigms. But there's hope. 20 million people worldwide make their living collecting, sorting, transporting, recycling and recovering resources that other people have thrown out.
Technology and infrastructure are expensive, and not necessarily the most effective, or flexible solution. With multi-million dollar investments in infrastructure and equipment, the US diverts only 34% of its waste from landfills. In other parts of the world, the informal sector, collectors, waste pickers, junk shops, scavengers, have been known to divert as much as 80% of the waste from landfill.
While I envision a future without so much packaging, we do need to recycling in the mean time. We need to increase diversion rates and it is smart to invest in light infrastructure, flexible solutions and people along the way.
Presented at Ignite! Minneapolis, May 2013
Chicago Panels Details COOKED documentary Film July 12-25, 2019Jim Bloyd, DrPH, MPH
This is a list of the panels and panelists for the July 12-25 2019 screenings of COOKED in Chicago, Illinois at the Gene Siskel Film Center, 164 N. State St., Chicago, Illinois. USA
Rebuilding West Liberty Strategic ReportRobert Clark
Midwest Clean Energy Enterprise LLC developed a strategic plan to rebuild West Liberty. On March 2, 2012, the town of West Liberty, Morgan County, Kentucky suffered a massive tragedy. An F3 tornado ripped through this community of about 3,400 residents, killing six, devastating nearly 400 homes, businesses and government structures, and destroying much of the downtown area.
SUSTAINABILITY: WASTE AND LITTER. What is waste? Who creates waste? What is litter? Who creates litter? List of common waste. Domestic waste. Food waste.
Waste sources types - visual pictograms for each type e.g. household, municipal, consutruction waste, industry or commerce waste.
Ways of waste treatment and recycling such as landfill, incinetation of garbage, waste waters, composting of waste.
Waste generation statistics charts with iconography, Eurostat data. Waste recovery data chart and waste prevention diagram.
NEW ZEALAND HISTORY: EUROPEANS TO 1840. Abel Tasman 1642. JAMES COOK 1769. AUSTRALIAN OUTPOST. MAORI-EUROPEAN INTERACTION. MISSIONARIES. BOOKS AND BULLETS. INTER-TRIBAL WARS.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT at KALUTHARA(KALUTHARA URBAN COUNCIL)
A presentation Done by the 1st Year Students (Group 2) of the Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura for the Environmental Chemistry Assignment..
A deep dive into the history of composting in Americas largest metropolis. A brief overview of how organics were handle pre-Industrial Revolution. An expanded look at compost policies, initiatives and facilities from 1990 thru 2020, and some info about how the pandemic affected composting in NYC.
Answers Questions about Cleanliness of 10 SECoPA States and leading Cities, using "surrogate" data from American State Litter Scorecards and Major Magazine Assessments. Presented at SECoPA, Atlanta GA, September 2014. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE.
Original Masters ARP (Thesis) project on History, Causes of Littering and Environmental Degradation in The South and Nearby States, with Proposed Solutions and Recommendations.
Detailed info from 2008 American State Litter Scorecard on ten Southern states, with case study of how Virginia ("Best"), Misssisippi ("Worst") and Louisiana ("Worst") handle litter removals across their jurisdictions. Presented at 2008 SeCOPA conference, Orlando, FL.
1
New York City
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Code & Name
Instructor's Name
Due Date
New York City
Background
As a human service leader, I am interested in working in New York City (NYC). NYC, officially known as the City of New York, is a port and a metropolis located at the mouth of the Hudson River, the Northeastern part of the United States, and the Southeastern part of New York State. This state is the largest and most influential United States metropolis, encompassing a massive landmass covering Manhattan, the Staten islands, a section of the New York state's mainland in the North of Manhattan, and some portions of Long Island. In this regard, NYC is a collection of various neighborhoods amalgamated to form the most ethnically diverse city in America. The City of New York traces its roots from a trading post founded by the Dutch colonists at the Southern Tip of Manhattan circa 1626 (The Library of Congress, n.d.) Since its discovery in the 1600s, NYC has flourished, becoming the most populous city in America.
Demographics
As aforementioned, NYC is the most populous metropolitan in the United States. According to data from the World Population Review (2021), the City of New York had a population of 8,230,290, making it the largest city in the state of New York and the United States in general. Besides that, NYC has the highest population density among all the U.S. states, with an estimated 27000 people per square mile (NYC Planning, n.d.). Due to its high population, NYC contributes to a significant part of the total U.S. population, with 1 in every 38 Americans living in New York (NYC Planning, n.d.). As mentioned earlier, the City of New York is inhabited by culturally diverse populations. According to the (U.S Census Bureau) n.d., the White population accounts for 42.7% of the total NYC population, Black or African Americans being 24.3%, American Indian and Alaska Natives 0.4%, Asian alone 14.1%, and Hispanic or Latino being 29.1%. Due to the diverse cultural heritage of New York, religion in the City is diverse, consisting of Christian, unaffiliated, and non-Christian faiths. Christians account for 59% of the total NYC population, with Catholics being 33%, evangelical protestants (9%), Mainline Protestant (8%), historically Black Protestant (6%) and Mormon, Jehovah's Witnesses, Orthodox Christian, each having a 1% representation (Pew Research Center, n.d.).Jewish faith accounts for 8%, Muslim 3%, Buddhist 1%, Hindu 3%, and Atheist and Agnostic being 4% each (Pew Research Center, n.d.). The government of NYC ensures that its citizens are provided with essential services through collaboration with the State government.
Governance
The City of New York's local government consists of three branches: the executive, legislative, and judiciary. The executive consists of the Mayor ...
Spills, Sins & Starbucks: how we designed our cities around oil
The Gulf Coast Oil Spill is the worst environmental disaster in history. This talk explores the tragedy of the spill, and how our own dependence on fossil fuels is really to blame and a plan for how to transform our cities and suburbs to eliminate this addiction for good.
The design of our cities and suburbs is dictated by the automobile. From the width of the street, location of driveways, distance between buildings and the spacing of the structure, the automobile has irrevocably changed our cities from human scale to vehicle scale. This talk explores those connections.
Through the lens of the 7 Deadly Sins, this lecture examines the root causes leading up to the oil spill, the forces driving these events and the maps out several poignant and humorous alternatives we need to develop. If the Car Culture represents the 20th Century, then we need to redefine our culture for the 21st.
This brand new "bullet-point free" talk is presented by the acclaimed author of "Green Building for Dummies." It was hailed by Apartment Therapy as "phenomenal" and "engaging, funny and super interesting."
Metro Councilor Robert Liberty discusses and presents work that Metro is doing in an effort to produce environmentally and pedestrian friendly communities, while preserving and investing in the communities that already exist. Mr. Liberty recognizes that the current, rapid rate of land development in the United States is destructive to our economy, environment and way of life.
Draft of article sent to academic and public administration journal for review this weekend. Concerns the New Orleans recovery process, civic engagement and questions regarding environmental sustainability and leadership.
Littering/Dumping of Solid Wastes onto Public Lands in 13 Northeastern US States (Virginia to Maine) and Key Cities. PRESENTED by Steve Spacek, Director, Am State Litter Scorecard (litterscorecard.com), November 9, 2019. Like on FACEBOOK, follow TWITTER @litterscorecard
Selected States, Those by Group Most Prone to Throw Substantial Wastes onto Public Property. 2021, American State Litter Scorecard. Grouped by COLOR: GRAY: Cigarette Smokers; BROWN: Gen Z ages 16-25 RED: Fast Foodies ORANGE: Construction and Groundkeeper Workers
[Spacek moderated Concurrent Panel on “Succession Building” at 2015 Conference]
Powerpoint discusses Past and Present-day American Public Servant Corruption; Public Servant Convictions in the 12-State Northeastern US (NeCoPA) Area; Definitions and Notions, of Public Servant Corruption; Measuring Public Servant Corruption "Culture" in the Northeast USA: a "Reality Check."
Slideshow: "Malady" of HUMAN-induced Littering/Dumping of Solid Wastes onto Public Lands in 10 Southern US States and Noted Localities --Conduct that’s unlawful in EVERY U.S. STATE! --Harms, Disfigures Landscapes; --Breeds Diseases, Insects, Pests;--KILLS Humans and Animals! PRESENTED by Steve Spacek, Director, Am State Litter Scorecard (litterscorecard.com), September 6, 2019.
Broadcasted from Los Angeles May 3, 2018. TOPICS: Dirty States for Litter Pollution, Scott Priutt and US EPA; Climate Change; Why do People, big Companies still pollute lands, air, water that kills HUNDREDS each year in America!
A list by the American State Litter Scorecard, of the 10 biggest American Governments, statewide, with the most visible littered and dumped wastes on public properties.
Sept. 22, 2015 Interview of Steve Spacek. Broadcast from ATLANTA: Talked about Scorecard and "Worst" governments; Georgia #1 for highest risk state corruption; Who Votes in State/Local Elections and Who DOESNT; Dem and Repub Presidential Candidates; T+L and FORBES "Dirtiest Cities;" October/November Elections at "dirtiest" Localities and States: MEMPHIS Tn; LOUISIANA and KENTUCKY GOVERNOR; HOUSTON Tx, PHILADELPHIA Pa; MIAMI BEACH Fl; YONKERS Ny; BRIDGEPORT Ct; INDIANAPOLIS In; SAVANNAH Ga; CHARLESTON Sc; LAFAYETTE La; LAS CRUCES Nm; WARREN MI; Bowling Green KY.
Slide results of 2014 American State Litter Scorecard Cleanest and Dirtiest governments. #1 BEST for 2014: Washington State (repeat winner!) #1 WORST and Dirtiest: South Carolina. Other Dirty States: NV, IN, GA, KY, WY, SD, LA, MI, NM, OK.
(Since 2008 the 2nd issue) American States Ranked for Overall Environmental Quality of Public Spaces, with final Scores, Charts, Improvements and Declines. KENTUCKY #1 WORST; WASHINGTON #1 BEST. Covers 2011-2013 Period.
Description and ranking of public spaces conditions, of nine Midwest Pac States (MN, IA, MO, WI, IL, KY, MI, IN, OH), gleaned from results of the 2014 American State Litter Scorecard.
(Listed) States having High Death Chance from Vehicle-Debris Crashes on public roadways; States having Highest Death Totals from these Crashes--2014. Highest Death Chance States: NM, SD, KY, KS, OK, Highest Death Totals: CA, TX, NY, FL, MI.
*The Top Ten American States where Each Citizen, EACH DAY, throws away the highest levels of non-recycled, un-reused waste, ending up into Municipal and/or Rural landfills and incinerators. Includes residential, industrial, commercial/import wastes.
Detailed info from 2011 American State Litter Scorecard on 11 Northeastern states, covering an area from Maryland to Maine and all states in between, with case study comparison of Vermont, Delaware, and Pennsylvania policies/handling of litter removals and related topical procedures.
Presented at the Northeastern Conference for Public Administration, New York City, October 2011.
Rank/Reviews Public Spaces/Property Litter Removal and Overall Environmental Quality (cleanliness) of the 50 U.S. States, year 2008. Mississippi was #1 WORST state; Vermont, Minnesota were tied for #1 BEST state. Created: March 2008 and presented at ASPA conference, Dallas, TX.
More from American State Litter Scorecard/Spacek Pub. Service Consulting (16)
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
Do Linguistics Still Matter in the Age of Large Language Models.pptx
NYC New York City Litter Garbage Scene -Now #1 "America's Dirtiest City" by T+L
1. NYC New York City Litter Garbage “Scene”
CASE STUDY: What’s going on to achieve a “cleaner physical environment” in America’s Largest City?
(Possible to have true Green Improvements?)
Steve Spacek
[“American State Litter Scorecard”]
The 2nd Annual Northeastern Conference on Public Administration
John Jay College of Criminal Justice
New York City, New York USA
Saturday. October 29, 2011
2. NYC New York City Litter Garbage “Scene”-Page 2
NYC declared 5th “Dirtiest American City,” by June 2011 Travel+ Leisure expose from Katrina Brown Hunt.
******************
FACT: Littering and dumping BREEDS DISEASES and PESTS and is
Injurious/deadly to humans, animals, landscapes.
******************
NYC Top Littered Items: Cigarette butt litter (75 % of NYC Beach litter!), Plastic Bags, Polystyrene. NYC Citizens throw away 2.87 lbs. per person per day…NY State
residents toss 2.235 lbs. per day. NYC commercial operations generate extra 13,000 tons per days (sources: CNN, May 2011; Earth911.com; NYC Sanitation, Spacek).
Top NYC litter/dumping Locations: Beaches, Gowanus Canal, Subway Entrances/Ticket Vending Machines; Ridgewood (Queens), Bronx (152nd Street,-Jackson, Union,
Concord, Wales, Union Avenues), Bay Ridge, Washington Heights/Inwood (Broadway and Dyckman Streets) [sources: DNAinfo.com, Aug. 2011; Eco Poiltics Daily, Sept.
2011] . See Huffington Post: “Do you live in NYC’s Dirtiest Neighborhood? Tell Us Why.”
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/01/26/do-you-live-in-nycs-dirti_n_437610.html
Deaths from Debris/Litter Vehicle Crashes: 16 died within NY State in 2008 (source: NHTSA).
The NYC Political/Environmental Culture: Mixed Individualistic/Moralistic, with much firmer Individualistic strain that rest of NY State—exceptionally strong ruling of
market place but some public sector intervention to meet citizen aims as merited (source: Elazar, Koven and Mausloff, Neal, Spacek).
NYC Citizen Excuses To Litter: Too busy to properly dispose trash; Lack of cigarette filter receptacles; lack of litter baskets/bins (only 25,000 litter baskets/”public
bins”); Litter will magically “go away” without human intervention, or even be sold as cube art by Justin Gignac. NYC residents are a supplier of nearby New Jersey
and Pennsylvania urban littering/dumping (sources: 2004 NJ Litter Survey; NY Litter 2004; NY Observer, April 2008; 1990 and 1998 PA Litter Surveys).
NYC Profiled Litterer: Number of NYC Male population age 16-24 in 2010 is 615,555 or 7.52 % of total 8,175,133population (sources: 2006 City of NY Population
Projections; 2010 U.S. Census Bureau).
3. NYC New York City Litter Garbage “Scene”-Page 3
Source Reduction Activities provide a healthy, enjoyable Surface Environment
for humans, animals and nature.
NYC Source Reduction Activities: Physical
Actual Litter/Debris Removal: Department of Sanitation’s 5,800+ workers collect over 12,000 tons of residential/institutional refuse
and recyclables per day out of 59 districts, using 2,230 trucks and 91 special litter basket trucks; 6,000 miles of city streets are swept
daily. $400+ Million spent to collect and dispose trash, which is moved to transfer facilities in New Jersey, surrounding states ; some
trash carted to landfills in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Virginia (Source: EPA; NY Daily News, Dec. 2010; New York Observer, April 2008; NYC
Sanitation; The Cooperator.com, 2006)
Adopt a Street/ Road Program: None known in NYC at present.
City/Statewide Anti- Litter Slogan/Campaign: “Stomp Out Litter” (city); “Let’s Pick it Up New York” (state)
Environmental Organizations: NYC Park Advocates; KAB; “Clean Up the World (United Nations)—UN” ; Earthjustice; NYC Garbage
Project; Litterbutt.com; Litter-Butt.org
Beverage Container Deposits: Statewide mandate.
Comprehensive Recycling:? NYC has “Waste Less, Recycle More” program.
http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycwasteless/html/recycling/recycling_nyc.shtml
There is still NO Comprehensive Recycling guidelines for the Empire State’s cities and counties.
4. NYC New York City Litter Garbage “Scene”-Page 4
NYC Source Reduction Activities: Legal
Litter Laws/Statutes: NY State CLS Vehicle and Trash Section 1220; NY State Administrative Code 16-118 (Littering), 16-119 (Dumping)
prohibited; violation code 1219-A; NY City Lawn Litter Law, (Chapter 585): No defiance of a property owner’s request to not receive hand-
delivered circulars/advertising . NY State litter laws appear weaker than other populated states (source: NYC Garbage Project; Spacek)
Litter Source Taxation: Not yet seen in NYC nor NY State.
Anti-Litter Complaint Hotline/Websites: In 2007, 1,145 calls to 311 hotline “Sanitation Specialists” (sources: NYC Park Advocates; NY Post,
Aug. 2007) http://www.nyc.gov/html/dsny/html/contact/requests_litter.shtml Litter Basket Service Request
Lawn Litter Law: http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycwasteless/html/laws/state_lawnlitter.shtml
NYC Dept. of Parks and Recreation http://www.nycgovparks.org/email_forms/litter_survey/
Other website: Litterbutt.com http://www.litterbutt.com/Home/Stop-Roadway-Litter.aspx
Dept. of Sanitation programs: Illegal Dumping Tippers get 50% of caught offenders fine; Illegal Dumping Award requires signing of affidavit.
Public Space Littering Observations: SCOUT (Street Condition Observation Unit); Project Scorecard Street Cleanliness Rating)[sources: NYC
Sanitation; US. Conference of Mayors]. Street Cleanliness Site: http://www.nyc.gov/html/ops/html/data/street_scorecard.shtml
Citation Writing: Sanitation Agents wrote 2, 515 tickets, Summers of 2006-2007, for litter basket dumping (source: NY Post, Aug. 2007).
Punishment: $50 to $250 Fine for litter/dumping on property or sidewalk up to 18 inches from curb; $400 illegal public bin dumping
(source NYC Garbage project). Each $100 fine has minimum $80 Surcharge; Potential Vehicle Impoundment by NYC Sanitation