(Since 2008 the 2nd issue) American States Ranked for Overall Environmental Quality of Public Spaces, with final Scores, Charts, Improvements and Declines. KENTUCKY #1 WORST; WASHINGTON #1 BEST. Covers 2011-2013 Period.

1. THE 2011 AMERICAN STATE LITTER SCORECARD: USA’s Cleanest and Dirtiest States
Includes Data, Scores, Charts
by Steve Spacek
The 2011 American Society for Public Administration Conference
Harborplace Renaissance Hotel
Sunday March 13, 2011
Baltimore, Maryland
Copyright 2014, 2011 Steve Spacek Public Consulting. NO COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record.

2. Why a State Litter Scorecard?
Consequences of Littering/Dumping Amongst States: Significant social costs.
--Governmental Neglect: Influences Why Persons Litter/Dump Public Properties
--Public Litter Prevention, Abatement: Mandated Function of American State Governance
--Good, Bad Economy: States Accomplish Typically “Piecemeal” Approaches to Litter Prevention
--Over 800 Americans Die Annually in Debris/Litter-attributed Motor Vehicle Accidents
Necessity of Litter Research for States:
--Numerous states lack efforts to collect, provide uniform litter abatement --outcome measures
--State policymakers, administrators, organizations, citizens interested in effectual outcomes
Copyright 2014, 2011, Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE.

3. Figure 1: Map of BEST, WORST State Results of The 2011 American State Litter Scorecard

4. Table 1: State Condition Results for THE 2011 American State Litter Scorecard
State Rating
1 Washington BEST 25 Alaska AVERAGE
2 California BEST 25 Kansas AVERAGE
3 Iowa BEST 25 South Dakota AVERAGE
3 Maine BEST 28 South Carolina AVERAGE
5 Connecticut BEST 29 Arizona BELOW AVERAGE
6 Rhode Island BEST 29 Idaho BELOW AVERAGE
7 Vermont BEST 29 Michigan BELOW AVERAGE
8 Oregon BEST 29 West Virginia BELOW AVERAGE
9 New Hampshire BEST 33 Hawaii BELOW AVERAGE
10 North Carolina BEST 33 Tennessee BELOW AVERAGE
10 New York BEST 35 New Mexico BELOW AVERAGE
12 Maryland ABOVE AVERAGE 36 Arkansas BELOW AVERAGE
12 Nebraska ABOVE AVERAGE 36 Delaware BELOW AVERAGE
14 Massachusetts ABOVE AVERAGE 38 Colorado BELOW AVERAGE
14 New Jersey ABOVE AVERAGE 39 Montana WORST
14 Utah ABOVE AVERAGE 39 North Dakota WORST
17 Florida ABOVE AVERAGE 39 Texas WORST
18 Minnesota ABOVE AVERAGE 42 Georgia WORST
19 Missouri ABOVE AVERAGE 42 Illinois WORST
19 Wisconsin ABOVE AVERAGE 42 Oklahoma WORST
19 Wyoming ABOVE AVERAGE 45 Indiana WORST
22 Virginia AVERAGE 46 Alabama WORST
23 Ohio AVERAGE 47 Nevada WORST
23 Pennsylvania AVERAGE 47 Mississippi WORST
49 Louisiana WORST
50 Kentucky WORST
Copyright 2014, 2011, S. Spacek Public Service Consulting. NO COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record

5. AL 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +0.5 +1.0 -2.5 +3.5 -4.5 +0.5 +2.0 +5.5
AK 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +4.5 +2.5 -1.0 +1.5 -4.5 0.0 +3.5 +11.5
AZ 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.5 +0.5 -3.0 +3.0 -2.0 +3.5 +1.5 +10.0
AR 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.0 +1.5 -5.0 +4.0 -3.0 +3.0 +2.0 +8.5
CA 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +5.0 +4.0 +2.0 -2.0 +0.5 -1.0 +4.5 0.0 +23.0
CO 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +0.5 0.0 -5.5 +2.0 -1.5 +4.5 +3.0 +8.0
CT 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 0.0 +3.0 +4.5 -1.0 +1.5 -3.0 +4.0 +0.5 +19.5
DE 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +1.5 0.0 -4.0 +2.0 -4.0 +1.5 +1.5 +8.5
FL 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +4.5 +4.0 -3.0 0.0 -4.0 +2.5 +0.5 +14.5
GA 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +0.5 +0.5 -2.5 +4.0 -1.5 +0.5 0.0 +6.5
HI 0.0 +5.0 0.0 0.0 +4.5 +4.0 -3.5 +0.5 -3.5 +2.5 0.0 +9.5
ID 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +3.0 +2.5 -5.0 +2.0 -2.5 +0.5 +4.5 +10.0
IL 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.5 +1.0 -3.0 +0.5 -3.5 +2.0 +2.0 +6.5
IA 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.5 +4.0 -4.5 +2.5 -0.5 +2.5 +3.5 +20.0
IN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +3.5 +1.5 -4.0 +4.0 -1.5 0.0 +2.5 +6.0
KS 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.5 +2.0 -5.5 +3.0 -1.0 +2.5 +4.0 +11.5
KY 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +1.5 +1.0 -3.5 +3.5 -4.5 +1.0 +1.0 0.0
LA 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.0 +2.0 -5.5 +1.5 -5.0 0.0 +1.0 +1.0
ME 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 0.0 +3.5 +3.0 -1.5 +1.0 -1.5 +4.5 +1.5 +20.5
MD 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +1.0 +4.0 -2.0 +0.5 -2.5 +4.0 +0.5 +15.5
MA 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.0 +4.5 -1.0 0.0 -3.0 +3.0 +0.5 +15.0
MI 0.0 +5.0 0.0 0.0 +3.0 0.0 -3.0 +1.0 -2.0 +3.5 +2.5 +10.0
MN 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.0 +4.5 -4.5 +1.0 -0.5 +3.0 +3.5 +14.0
MS 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.5 +2.5 -5.5 +4.0 -4.5 0.0 +1.0 +5.0
MO 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +4.0 +3.5 -4.0 +3.5 -2.5 +1.0 +3.0 +13.5
Table 2: Indicators, Scores, Results: 2011 American State Litter Scorecard
State OB1 OB2 OB3 OB4 OB5 OB6 OB7 OB8 OB9 SU1 SU2 Final

6. MT 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +3.0 -5.5 +4.0 -4.5 +1.5 +4.0 +7.5
NE 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +4.0 +2.0 -4.5 +3.5 -0.5 +2.0 +4.0 +15.5
NV 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +4.0 +2.0 -5.0 +2.5 -1.5 +1.0 +2.0 +5.0
NH 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +3.5 -1.5 +0.5 -0.5 +3.5 +1.5 +17.0
NJ +5.0 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +2.5 +4.0 -1.5 0.0 -4.0 +4.0 0.0 +15.0
NM 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +0.5 -4.5 +2.5 -1.0 +4.0 +2.5 +9.0
NY 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +5.0 +3.0 +4.5 -1.0 0.0 -3.0 +3.0 0.0 +16.5
NC 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +3.0 +3.5 -3.5 +4.5 -2.0 +3.5 +2.5 +16.5
ND 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.0 +2.0 -5.0 +4.5 -5.0 +0.5 +3.5 +7.5
OH +5.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +0.5 +2.5 -2.5 +2.0 -4.0 +2.0 +1.5 +12.0
OK 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +0.5 +1.5 -4.0 +3.0 -3.0 +0.5 +3.0 +6.5
OR 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 0.0 +3.5 +0.5 -5.0 +1.5 -0.5 +4.5 +3.5 +18.0
PA 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +3.5 +1.0 -3.5 +1.0 -4.0 +3.0 +1.0 +12.0
RI +5.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +4.5 +1.5 -1.0 0.0 -2.5 +1.0 +0.5 +19.0
SC 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.0 +1.0 -2.0 +4.5 -1.5 +2.0 +0.5 +10.5
SD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +3.5 -2.5 +4.5 -4.0 +1.0 +4.0 +11.5
TN 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.0 +3.0 -3.0 +3.0 -3.5 +2.0 +1.0 +9.5
TX 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.0 +3.5 -4.5 +3.0 -2.5 0.0 +2.0 +7.5
UT 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +2.5 +2.5 -2.5 +2.0 -1.0 +2.5 +4.0 +15.0
VT 0.0 +5.0 0.0 0.0 +4.0 +4.5 -1.5 +1.5 -2.0 +4.0 +3.0 +18.5
VA +5.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +1.5 0.0 -2.0 +2.5 -3.5 +1.5 +2.5 +12.5
WA +5.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +2.0 +3.0 -1.5 +1.0 -1.0 +4.5 +3.0 +26.0
WV 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 +4.5 +3.0 -2.0 +4.5 -3.5 +1.5 +2.0 +10.0
WI 0.0 0.0 +5.0 0.0 +3.5 +0.5 -3.5 +2.5 -2.0 +3.0 +4.5 +13.5
WY 0.0 0.0 0.0 +5.0 +5.0 +1.5 -4.0 +3.5 -2.5 +1.5 +3.5 +13.5
State OB1 OB2 OB3 OB4 OB5 OB6 OB7 OB8 OB9 SU1 SU2 Final

7. INDICATORS:
OB1: States with Litter Taxation (2011)
OB2: States with Container Deposit Rules/Legislation (2011)
OB3: States with Comprehensive Recycling Rules/Legislation (2011)
OB4: States with Litter Prevention Slogans (2011)
OB5: Per Person Overall State Environmental Expenditure (2006)
OB6: Per Person Daily Waste Disposal by State (2007)
OB7: States with Highest Chance for Debris-related Fatal Vehicle Collision (2008)
OB8: Integrity of State Thoroughfare Maintenance Disbursement Costs (2008)
OB9: State Public Corruption Convictions per Population Proportion (2008)
SU1: Environmental Responsibility Reputation of State Governors (2009)
SU2: State Licensed Drivers Knowledge of Littering and other Road Laws (2009)
Copyright 2014, 2011, Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE.

8. Table 3: BEST States of 2011 American State Litter Scorecard
1 Washington BEST (top)
2 California BEST
3 Iowa BEST
3 Maine BEST
5 Connecticut BEST
6 Rhode Island BEST
7 Vermont BEST
8 Oregon BEST
9 New Hampshire BEST
10 North Carolina BEST
10 New York BEST
Copyright 2014, 2011 Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record.

9. Table 4: WORST States of The 2011 American State Litter Scorecard
1 Kentucky WORST
2 Louisiana WORST
3 Mississippi WORST
3 Nevada WORST
5 Alabama WORST
6 Indiana WORST
7 Georgia WORST
7 Illinois WORST
7 Oklahoma WORST
10 Montana WORST
10 North Dakota WORST
10 Texas WORST
Copyright 2014, 2011, Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record.

10. Common Characteristics: 2011 WORST States
12 states deemed “WORST” (KY, LA, MS, NV, AL, IN, GA, IL, OK, MT, ND, TX)
--NO Litter Taxation, NO Container Deposit Legislation, NO Comprehensive Recycling Legislation.
--Majority had Below Average Environmental Responsibility Reputations of Governors
--Below Average Knowledge of Littering and other Road Laws by Licensed Drivers-- At or Above U.S.
Average Per Person Daily Waste Disposals;
--Above Average Thoroughfare Maintenance Disbursement Costs
--Above Average Debris-related Fatal Vehicle Collisions per Population Size/Vehicles Registered
--Above Average Public Corruption Convictions per Population Proportion.
--Seven WORST states in the South; three, the Midwest; two, the West, none in the Northeast.
Copyright 2014, 2011, Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record.

11. Figure 2: Changes in National Status Designations between 2008 and 2010 American State Litter Scorecards

12. Changes in Scorecard National Status Designations: 2008 -2011
--14 states improved their statuses
--17 states had status declines
--19 states had no status changes.
--Biggest three-year improvements: North Carolina, California, Florida.
--Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, North Dakota, Virginia had greatest status designation declines.
Copyright 2014, 2011, Steve Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE. This is Public Record.

13. CONCLUSION
--Budget Shortfall Crisis Could Hamper State Short-term Litter Abatements.
--Some States Engaged in Historically Poor Removals During Good Economic Times
--Observation: Some States Performing Double-Standard Standard Abatement Practices
by Location: Appropriate litter removals on less populated, rural roadways but
seemingly none upon horrifically littered, urbanized public spaces (NJ, PA, NY, CT, MI)
--Littering Remains Danger to Public Health, Safety, Welfare
--Scorecard Not Definitive: Contributing Inquiry Into Poorly Probed Matter.
Copyright 2014, 2011, S. Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE

14. Examples of Indicator Data Sources, 2011 Scorecard
(some research data allowed to Author by source, with advance written permission)
Container Recycling Institute
GMAC Insurance
Greenopia
Hartgen, Karanam, Fields, Kerscher and Moore
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
National Solid Waste Management Association
Shireman, McFadden, Newdorf and Noga
50 State Governments
USA Today
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Department of Justice
Copyright 2014, 2011 S. Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE

15. Illegal Littering/Dumping
Breeds Diseases; KILLS
Humans, Pets, Landscapes!!
Copyright 2014, S. Spacek Public Service Consulting. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE.
Check Out!! the Am. State Litter Scorecard
MONTHLY WEBSITE:
litterscorecard.bellstrike.com