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NSF IUSE Ideas Lab In Engineering: Provoking Action!
- 1. NSF IUSE IDEASLab in Engineering Gregory N. Washington, Ph.D. Dean, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- 2. Who am I? • Major Academic Accomplishments – Developed first mechanical active antenna with Smart Materials – First Reported Intelligent Control Methodology for Hybrid Electric Vehicles – Dean (UCI), Interim Dean, Associate Dean for Research • Academic – More than 140 papers in Journals, Conference Proceedings and edited volumes, 4 best paper awards. University Distinguished Teaching Award • Industry and Government funding ($>12 million ($4 million single PI)) – NSF (CAREER+ 3 other awards), ARO, AFOSR, DARPA, DOT, Dept of Energy, NASA, Ohio Aerospace Institute – BF Goodrich, Goodyear, Dupont, HRL, Boeing, Ford, GM, Ameritech, Outboard Marine Corp. • My motivations for this talk – Family – Product of Public Schools
- 3. Who we are?UCI Engineering At a Glance • 21st Ranked Public Engineering Program • Comprehensive University (Medicine, Law, Business, etc) • 5 Departments • Only UC First Year Engineering program • One of the Safest Communities in the country • Great combination of analytical and experiential learning Enrollment • 3121 Ugrad - 902 Grad students • Total Enrollment >4000 • 12 Engineering Degree programs (11 accredited) • 113 Faculty • Freshman Cohort: 38% Low Income, 57% First Generation • 3.97 GPA
- 4. Key Metrics –More Students • The UCI campus student faculty ratio is 26.3. With our student size of 3754 students we would need 142 faculty to be at the average of the campus. • Only UC Engineering program without hard cap on enrollment. • Faculty and staff growth have been relatively flat since 2008 4 30% Increase since 2007
- 5. Student Diversity • FreshmenFirst generation – 56.9% • Freshman Low Income - 38.1%
- 6. Global Challenges • Level 1 – Climate Change – Water Scarcity – Energy Security – Cyber Security – Global financial structure – Biodiversity and Ecosystem losses – Fisheries Deple?on – Deforesta?on – Infec?ous Disease • Level 2 – Poverty – Educa?on – The Digital Divide – Urbaniza?on – Intellectual property – Interna?onal labor and migra?on – E-‐Commerce rules – Biotechnology rules – Mari?me Safety and Pollu?on Disrup6ve to our way of life Eliminate our way of life
- 7. Accelerated Change! • Yearsto 50 Million users – Radio – 38 years – Television – 13 years – Cell phone – 7 years – Internet – 4 years – IPOD – 3 years – Facebook – 2 years • More than half of the top 10 in demand jobs in 2014 did not exist in 2004 7Singapore Science Park Shanghai - Pudong
- 8. Are we changing fast enough? “Educa6on is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world” – N. Mandela
- 9. … not at the pace of engineering... © Dassault Systems
- 10. … not at the pace of manufacturing…
- 11. Record movies Recordmovies View movies Photographs Compute Listen Radio Play Games Measure Time Telephone Share pictures Share text Yellow Pages Plan route Forecast weather © Dassault Systemes 2009 Design 1980: Disconnected Technologies Listen Music (mobile!) 2014 Now integrated in our pockets But we STILL educate the same way … not at the pace of IT…
- 12. Are we losing our compe66ve edge? “Educa6on is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world” – N. Mandela
- 13. Source: National Centerfor Education Statistics Top Bachelors Majors at US Universities 1. Business 2. General Studies 3. Social Science and History 4. Psychology 5. Health Professions 6. Education 7. Visual and Performing Arts 8. Engineering and Technology 9. Communications and Journalism 10. Computer and Information Science
- 14. Source: National Centerfor Education Statistics Top Bachelors Majors at Global Universities 1. Business (1) 2. General Studies (10) 3. Social Science and History (6) 4. Psychology (9) 5. Health Professions (4) 6. Education (5) 7. Visual and Performing Arts (8) 8. Engineering and Technology (2) 9. Communications and Journalism (7) 10. Computer and Information Science (3)
- 15. Thousands of Graduates The New Global Battlefield: Science and Engineering National Science Board, S&E Indicators, 2010
- 16. Are we reallyahead Globally? • In STEM Women perform better in other parts of the world
- 17. Are we reallyahead Globally? • In STEM Women perform better in other parts of the world
- 18. Education is aGlobal Jobs Issue • 7 Billion People (5 billion adults) • 3 Billion looking for jobs • 1.2 Billion formal jobs • 1.8 Billion looking for a formal job – According to Gallup – Formal job attainment is the most important global issue and is at the core of much of the conflict nationally
- 19. 12.0 10.7 17.1 19.4 18.1 21.7 40s50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 00s 10s -‐0.9 ? Economic Issues - The Lost Decade Globally, there are 1.2 billion formal jobs for 3 Billion people Lost Decade Total New US Jobs (Millions) By Decade
- 20. Global Compe6tors -‐ SINGAPORE 1960s h1p://www.country-‐data.com/cgi-‐bin/query/r-‐11828.html
- 21.
- 22. 70% of YoungAdult Males (18-24 yrs old) are NOT Eligible for the Military • Lack High School Diploma • Cannot Pass Military Entrance Exam • Obesity • Drugs • Incarceration
- 23. 70% -‐Is Increasing at 1% Per Year-‐
- 24. 70% Are they employable?
- 25. 70% Are they headed to public assistance?
- 26. Technology is aNew Real Competitor • Probability of Computerization – Telemarketers – 99% – Secretarial/Adm. Assistant – 96% – Accountant/Auditors – 94% – Retail Salespersons – 92% – Technical Writers – 89% – Paralegals – 94% – Postal Service Clerks – 95% – Machinists – 65% – 47% of total US employment is at risk The future of Employment: How SuscepGble Jobs are to ComputerisaGon; C.B. Frey, M.A. Osborne
- 27. In short supplyin the US What about Creativity? Creativity The Global Innova?on Index, 2012: U.S. ranks only 10th in innova?on! The US is ranked 52nd in STEM educa?on. 67% of PhDs in the US are not US ci?zens . World Economic Forum Global Compe??veness Report 2012: US ranked 7th.
- 28. Grand Opportunities inSTEM 28 3/18/14 • In April 2003, Human Genome (3 Billion DNA sequenced and encoded on 25K genes). • In 2013 computers eclipsed humans in Computational Capacity. Laptops by 2029. • Communications Bandwidth has increased by 100K since 2000. • Rise of Nanotechnology as a Discipline • Our understanding of the Brain
- 29. Grand Opportunities inSTEM 29 3/18/14 • In the next 5 years you will no longer need – IDs – Money – Credit Cards – Store cards – Business Cards – Photos – Mail/Mailman – Paper and Hardback Books – Bills and notices – Paper – Steering Wheels – Organ Donors? – Classrooms?
- 30. Solutions – Whichway do we go? • Create new inventors • Disrupt the University Paradigm – Establish Create and Make Spaces on Campus – Experiential Learning – Embrace Entrepreneurship • Embrace the Digital Learning Revolution
- 31. 1st Solution? Star6ng with Kids Invent Inventors.
- 32. “To stimulate creativity,one must develop the childlike inclination for play…” -- Einstein How? – Bring exploration and play back into the classroom
- 33. Why Kids arethe ideal inventors? Crea6ve Mo6vated by challenges Not afraid of failure Resilient Idealis6c
- 34. Why Kids arethe ideal inventors? Kelvin Doe, Sierra Leone, created ba_eries and generators; started a radio sta?on for his village from a deteriora?ng voltage stabilizer that he found in the trash. William Kamkwamba, Malawi, windmill to power his family’s house using blue gum trees, bicycle parts, and materials collected from a scrapyard
- 35.
- 36. FAB-Camp UCI • FromJuly 15-26, about 60 (7th and 8th)students participated in the UCI FAB-Camp. • This program gave students “hands on” project based learning skills while simultaneously exposing them to multiple engineering disciplines • Students built their own, LED, Fuel Cell, Hovercraft, model aircraft, ice cream, etc. • They also learned the basics of advanced manufacturing with a focus on how to use CAD software and 3-D printers • FABCamp 2014 June 23rd – July 25th (4 one week sessions) hp://sites.uci.edu/fabcamp/
- 37. Great Things S6ll Happening!
- 38. Teach Students How to Design and Build Anything Art Biology Engineering Printable Muscle A 3-‐D printer by San Diego-‐based Organovo uses cells rather than plas?c to fabricate organic machinery. Hands-‐Free Guitar Hero for Amputees To prepare prostheses for amputees, algorithms translate signals made by nerves once connected to missing limbs into finger movements in the game. Fly-‐Trap Clock A flypaper conveyor belt traps insects and deposits them into a microbial fuel cell to power a digital clock. Minecrab This freewheeling homage to the pixelated pleasures of videogames past is one of the most successful ?tles of all ?me. Robo6c Gravity Harps Commissioned for Bjork’s latest project, pendulums connected to a harp and computer allow the user to program and play predetermined melodies. Archangel Wings A ?nkerer and his comic-‐book-‐ar?st brother built the X-‐ Man’s wings in robo?c form. Gene6c Lava Lamp A visual-‐effects ar?st created a lamp using crystals grown on electroluminescent wire in the shape of DNA, encases in silicone and acrylic. HeartWave A tabletop tank ougi_ed with sensors reads your heartbeats as ripples across water. The most original projects combine two or more disciplines. Look to mash them up Programming Develop Open Source Curricula
- 39. New Learning willget us there • “School” will take many forms. Sometimes it will be self-organized. • Learners decide and define the time and place for learning. • Whatever the path, radical personalization will become the norm, with learning approaches and supports tailored to each learner.
- 42. We should beconcerned... but? 1. Electrification 2. Automobile 3. Airplane 4. Water Supply and Distribution 5. Electronics 6. Radio and Television 7. Agricultural Mechanization 8. Computers 9. Telephone 10. Air Conditioning 11. Highways 12. Spacecraft 13. Internet 14. Imaging 15. Household Appliances 16. Health Technologies 17. High-Performance Materials 18. Laser and Fiber Optics 19. Nuclear Technologies 20. Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies • We were able to do this in spite of the fact that in 1900 the US Population was 76 million and China’s was 467 million (6.14 times larger than ours). China’s Population in 2009 is only 4.33 times larger than ours. • What about people like me? Great Achievements of the Last Century
- 43. Major 21st CenturyInnovations . . . . And many more!
Editor's Notes
- #3 This is a very difficult time to be an educator (at any level). The difficulty today is unlike any in our history. We have had four major shifts in the way in which we educate, and we have always been required to change. We have always been funded to do so. Not so today. This is not going to be lecture on what we need to do to be better it’s a conversation We have moved from the industrial revolution into the information age:
- #5 940 freshmen coming this year. An increase of 30% from last year.Student growth continues with major growth over the last three years. The HSSOE has the largest graduate program at the university by more than 150 studentsThe faculty has grown by 9.3% in the last five yearsThe number of staff has actually decreased by -0.29% over the last five yearsCoupled with significant reductions of our operating budget over the last five years has placed significant strain on our faculty. Campus enrollments have been relatively flat over the same periodFaculty and Staff growth has not kept pace with student enrollments. Staff growth has been anemic in the last few years and faculty growth has come through special arrangements (i.e. university hiring initiatives, spousal hires, etc)Filled faculty has increased 9.3% over the last five years.
- #7 Level 1 has the potential to dramatically change our way of life. Level 2
- #8 ExponentialSpoken Language – 100,000s yearsWritten Language - 10,0000s yearsPrinting Press 400 yearsIs America Falling off the Flat Earth – Norman AugustineMore S&P 500 Engineers receive their undergraduate training in engineering than any other discipline.23% Engineering, 13% economics, 12% Business.Of China’s top nine leaders 8 are engineers and one is a geologist – 435 member House of Representatives only 3 are engineers
- #17 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - Test administered in 2009.
- #20 In April 2003 Scientist announced the sequencing of the human genome (3 Billion DNA sequenced and encoded on 25K genes).Now in a short time we can tell if you have a propensity for certain diseaseAre you likely to be addicted to certain drugs/smokeComputational CapacityIn the last 20 years computational capacity has doubled every 6 months. We are reaching computational capacity of the human brain.Brain: Computational Capacity 2 x 1016Computer: Computational Capacity 1 x 1015By 2013 computers will eclipse humans in Computational Capacity. Laptops by 2029.Computers could potentially experience the full range of emotionsBandwidthCommunications Bandwidth has increased by 100K since 2000. Cost of communications have seen a significant decrease.Nanoscale can be defined as 1/1000 of a human hair.Our understanding of the brain is improving exponentially. Our brains are no growing exponentially yet. They will when we start to infuse them with non-biological technology.We are shrinking feature size by a factor of 100 per decade.
- #21 In April 2003 Scientist announced the sequencing of the human genome (3 Billion DNA sequenced and encoded on 25K genes).Now in a short time we can tell if you have a propensity for certain diseaseAre you likely to be addicted to certain drugs/smokeComputational CapacityIn the last 20 years computational capacity has doubled every 6 months. We are reaching computational capacity of the human brain.Brain: Computational Capacity 2 x 1016Computer: Computational Capacity 1 x 1015By 2013 computers will eclipse humans in Computational Capacity. Laptops by 2029.Computers could potentially experience the full range of emotionsBandwidthCommunications Bandwidth has increased by 100K since 2000. Cost of communications have seen a significant decrease.Nanoscale can be defined as 1/1000 of a human hair. Feature sizes are shrinking by about 100 per decade.Fat insulin receptor gene should be turned off
- #40 The way learning is organized is shifting from being institution centric and to being more learner centric.We’re seeing institutions use MOOCs and other forms of online learning to get more flexible (like edX). EdX is a not-for-profit enterprise of its founding partners Harvard University and MIT that features learning designed specifically for interactive study via the web. Also seeing completely self-organizing forms of study and scholarship. PEERAGOGY. P2P University (Open University)P2P University – study groups, collaborative study – self organizing.In between - SocialMedia Classrooom – Howard Rheingold teaching hybrid classes at Stanford, transform the in class experience, transform the online experience. Novo Ed is another MOOC trying to leverage more collaborative online activities with peer/colleagues.