Noun clauses are subordinate clauses that function as nouns and usually begin with introductory words like that, which, who, when, where, what, how, why, whether. Noun clauses can serve as subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. They contain both a subject and a verb. Common introductory words that start noun clauses are that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, whenever, what, how, why, whether, whoever, whomever, whichever, wherever.

1. Noun Clauses

2. Noun Clause a subordinate clause that is used as a noun usually begin with an introductory word contain a subject and a verb 2

3. Noun Clauses Example: The burrito gave me heartburn. “ gave" is the verb and "burrito" is the subject “ heartburn” is the direct object, “me” is the indirect object But What About This One? What I had for lunch gave me heartburn. Identify the noun clause 3

4. What I had for breakfast gave me heartburn. The verb is still "gave," but the subject is a noun clause: "What I had for breakfast.” Example: The burrito gave me what I had coming to me. What is the noun clause? What is its function in the sentence? 4

5. Introductory Words that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, whenever, what, how, why, whether, whoever, whomever, whichever, wherever These are on your hand out! 5

6. Careful! That, which, who, whose, whom, where and when can be used in adjective clauses as well! That, which, who, whose, and whom are also relative pronouns. Where and when are also relative adverbs. In an adverb clause where and when can also be subordinating conjunctions! 6