A presentation

2.  A clause is a group of words that contain both a subject and a verb. This
differs from a phrase, which doesn't have a subject and a verb. For
example, let's revisit our examples of words being used together as
adverbs:
She walked like an old lady.
She walked as if she were heading to the gallows.
 Adverb clauses, also known as adverbial clauses, are dependent
clauses that function as adverbs.
Being able to spot a subordinating conjunction will help you
recognize an adverb clause. Below are some examples, which
are grouped by what type of adverb question they answer:
When: after, when, until, soon, before, once, while, as soon as,
whenever, by the time
How: if, whether or not, provided, in case, unless, even if, in the
event
Why: because, as, since, so, in order that, now that, inasmuch as
Where: wherever, where.

3. EXAMPLE OF ADVERB CLAUSES
 Adverb Clauses of Place:
These adverbial clauses answer the question where.
Wherever there is music, people will dance.
You can drop by for a visit where we're staying for the summer.
 Adverb Clauses of Time:
These adverbial clauses answer the question when.
After the chores are done, we will eat some ice cream.
When the clock strikes midnight, she has to leave.
 Adverb Clauses of Cause:
These adverb clauses answer the question why.
She passed the course because she worked hard.
Since he has long hair, he wears a ponytail.

4.  Adverb Clauses of Purpose:
These adverb clauses also answer the question why.
So that he would not ruin the carpet, he took off his shoes.
He ate vegetables in order that he could stay healthy.
 Adverb Clauses of Condition:
These adverb clauses answer the question how.
If you save some money, you can buy a new game.
Unless you hurry, you will be late for school.
 Adverb Clauses of Concession:
These adverb clauses answer the question how, albeit in a
roundabout way.
Even though you are 13, you can't go to that movie.

5. WHAT IS RELATIVE CLAUSES?
 Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative
pronouns who*, that, which, whose, where, when. They are most
often used to define or identify the noun that precedes them. Here
are some examples:
-Do you know the girl who started in grade 7 last week?
-Can I have the pencil that I gave you this morning?
-A notebook is a computer which can be carried around.
-I won't eat in a restaurant whose cooks smoke.
-I want to live in a place where there is lots to do.
-Yesterday was a day when everything went wrong!

6.  Some relative clauses are not used to define or identify the preceding
noun but to give extra information about it. Here are some
examples:
-My ESL teacher, who came to Germany in 1986, likes to ride
his mountain bike.
-The heavy rain, which was unusual for the time of year,
destroyed most of the plants in my garden.
-Einstein, who was born in Germany, is famous for his theory
of relativity.
-The boy, whose parents both work as teachers at the school,
started a fire in the classroom.
-My mother's company, which makes mobile phones, is
moving soon from Frankfurt to London.
-In the summer I'm going to visit Italy, where my brother lives.