Historical, Economic, Government

1. NORTH KOREA
(Democratic People’s Republik Of Korea)
DPRK
Capital : Pyongyang
Supreme Leader : Kim Jong Un
Liberation : 15 August 1945
Population (2013) : 24. 845.000
Johan Yulianto

2. The North Korean Posisition in The World

3. ECONOMIC SYSTEM
• North Korea has maintained one of the most closed and
centralized economies in the world since the 1940s
• For several decades it followed the Soviet pattern of five-year
plans with the ultimate goal of achieving self-sufficiency
• Extensive Soviet and Chinese support allowed North Korea to
rapidly recover from the Korean War and register very high
growth rates
• Systematic inefficiency began to arise around 1960, when the
economy shifted from the extensive to the intensive
development stage

4. • The loss of Eastern Bloc trading partners and a series of
natural disasters throughout the 1990s caused severe
hardships, including widespread famine
• By 2000, the situation improved owing to a massive
international food assistance effort, but the economy
continues to suffer from food shortages, dilapidated
infrastructure and a critically low energy supply
• A second round of reforms in 2002 led to an expansion of
market activities, partial monetization
• Despite these changes, which were reportedly reversed soon
after implementation,[198]North Korea remains a command
economy where the state owns almost all means of
production and development priorities are defined by the
government.

5. BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• Main article : History of Korea
• Korean history began with the founding of Joseon (often known as
"Gojoseon" to prevent confusion with another dynasty founded in
the 13th century; the prefix Go- means 'older,' 'before,' or 'earlier')
in 2333 BC by Dangun, according to Korean foundation mythology

6. • Gojoseon expanded until it controlled northern Korean
Peninsula and some parts of Manchuria
• The Gija Joseon was purportedly founded in 12th century BC,
and its existence and role have been controversial in the
modern era
• There was a significant Chinese presence in northern parts of
the Korean Peninsula during the next century, and the Lelang
Commandery persisted for about 400 years until it was
conquered by Goguryeo
• After many conflicts with the Chinese Han dynasty, Gojoseon
disintegrated, leading to the Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea
period.

7. • In the early centuries of the Common Era, Buyeo, Okjeo, Dongye,
and the Samhan confederacy occupied the peninsula and southern
Manchuria
• Of the various states, Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla grew to control
the peninsula as Three Kingdoms of Korea
• In Unified Silla, poetry and art was encouraged, and Buddhist
culture thrived. Relationships between Korea and China remained
relatively peaceful during this time
• King Taejo declared the new name of Korea as "Joseon" in reference
to Gojoseon, and moved the capital to Hanseong (old name of
Seoul).
• The first 200 years of the Joseon dynasty were marked by relative
peace and saw the creation of Hangul by King Sejong the Great in
the 15th century and the rise in influence of Confucianism in the
country

8. • Between 1592 and 1598, Japan invaded Korea. Toyotomi
Hideyoshi led the Japanese forces, but his advance was halted
by Korean forces with assistance from Righteous Army militias
and Ming dynasty Chinese troops
• After another series of wars against Manchuria, Joseon
experienced a nearly 200-year period of peace. King Yeongjo
and King Jeongjo particularly led a new renaissance of the
Joseon dynasty.

9. • Japanese occupation (1910–45)
• Soviet occupation and division of Korea (1945–50)
• Korean War (1950–53)