The document discusses three main attack vectors that could disable the North American electric grid: 1) Kinetic attacks using weapons like AK-47s to destroy transformers at electric substations, preventing power transfer. 2) An electromagnetic pulse attack using a nuclear weapon detonated in the atmosphere. 3) A severe solar storm known as a Carrington event, emitting a coronal mass ejection capable of frying transformers and electronics across the grid. Protecting critical infrastructure like extra high voltage transformers is vital to preventing long-term blackouts from these threats.