This document discusses using noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) to increase appropriate behavior in students. NCR involves providing reinforcement like praise or attention on a fixed schedule regardless of the student's behavior. Studies have found NCR combined with other interventions can increase on-task behavior and decrease problem behaviors. The document recommends schools frequently provide all students with NCR through check-ins and positive attention to make the classroom a more rewarding environment for appropriate conduct.

1. Reinforcers are added to environments on a consistent basis,
independent of the student’s behavior.
NCR raises the general level of
reinforcement in the environment
by adding preferred reinforcing
and stimulating materials/
activities/attention.
 Austin & Soeda (2008), found
delivering praise on a fixed
schedule to students with
disabilities increased their on-
task behaviors.
 Doughty & Anderson (2006),
found pairing NCR with
functional communication
training increased the partici-
pant’s communication and
decreased their problem
behaviors.
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Every 15 minutes, check-in with the student and ask them one question about the
current activity they are engaged in.
Provide 4 non-verbal forms of attention to a student each class period.
Non-verbal attention may include high-five, pat on the back, thumbs-up, smile.
Consider frequently providing students with noncontingent
reinforcement to increase the reinforcing effects of the environment.
 Provide NCR on a set schedule regardless of the student’s
current behavior, the student does not need to complete a specific
task to receive the reinforcer. Setting a fixed schedule makes it easier
for staff to consistently implement.
 Anywhere! NCR can be used anywhere a student goes,
naturally throughout the current activity.
 Anyone! NCR should be function-based, the reinforcer should
match the function of the behavior. Utilize with a student who is
consistently engaging in inappropriate attention-seeking behavior.
 NCR is designed to provide students with the attention they
value, thereby reducing the likelihood of them seeking that attention
in less acceptable ways.
 Determine if the behavior is attention-seeking, set a fixed
schedule of time to provide NCR, and provide attention on that
schedule. Attention may include: greeting, checking-in, praise
(verbal or non-verbal).