Non invasive diagnosis of h. pylori infection.acta medica international
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The document discusses the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria and its role in various gastrointestinal diseases. It describes the Urea Breath Test using radioactive carbon-14 as a non-invasive diagnostic method for detecting active H. pylori infections. The test works by having patients drink water with carbon-14 labeled urea, and then detecting exhaled carbon-14 dioxide which indicates the presence of living urease-producing H. pylori bacteria in the stomach. The document advocates for the Heliprobe Urea Breath Test as an accurate, cost-effective option for diagnosing and monitoring treatment of H. pylori infections.
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C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
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What is the LPR
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Pathophysiology
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Patterns and Mechanism of LPR and GERD
DIAGNOSIS
Symptom Questionnaire:
Laryngoscopic Findings
Therapeutic Trial for LPR
Ambulatory PH Monitoring
Treatment
Lifestyle modifications
Dietary modification
PHARMACOLOGICAL
Drug therapy
Surgery
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H. pylori is a common human pathogen that causes peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer by infecting the stomach and causing inflammation. It is transmitted through poor sanitation and hygiene. Over time, the inflammation can lead to cell damage in the stomach lining and increase cancer risk. Treating H. pylori infections with antibiotics can eliminate gastric cancer risk by eradicating the bacteria. The risk level depends on how much damage has already occurred, so follow up after treatment may be needed to check cancer risk in areas where it is more common.
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The document discusses the physiology of acid secretion in the gastrointestinal tract and the pathophysiology of peptic ulcers. It covers the anatomy of the stomach and types of cells that secrete acid and other substances. Risk factors for peptic ulcers include H. pylori infection and NSAID use. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, urea breath test, and stool antigen test. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and anticholinergics. Surgery may be required in some cases.
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with .pdf
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with bacterium Helicobacter pylori
(H. pylori) and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as
ibuprofen and aspirin.
1. To detect an ulcer, first take a consideration of pre-medical history and execute a physical
exam.
2. Laboratory tests for H. pylori :
Blood tests are normally inaccurate and should not be regularly used and the breath test is the
most accurate.
For the breath test, eat or drink something containing radioactive carbon. H. pylori break down
the material in the stomach. Later, blow into a bag, which is then sealed. If infected with H.
pylori, your breath sample will contain the radioactive carbon in the form of carbon dioxide.
Endoscopy was used to examine the upper digestive system. During endoscopy, passes a hollow
tube equipped with a lens of endoscope down to throat and into esophagus, stomach and small
intestine. This endoscope had revealed the ulcers in the stomach.
If detects an ulcer, small tissue samples may be removed for examination in a lab for biopsy test.
A biopsy also identify whether H. pylori is in the stomach lining.
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A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with bacterium Helicobacter pylori
(H. pylori) and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as
ibuprofen and aspirin.
1. To detect an ulcer, first take a consideration of pre-medical history and execute a physical
exam.
2. Laboratory tests for H. pylori :
Blood tests are normally inaccurate and should not be regularly used and the breath test is the
most accurate.
For the breath test, eat or drink something containing radioactive carbon. H. pylori break down
the material in the stomach. Later, blow into a bag, which is then sealed. If infected with H.
pylori, your breath sample will contain the radioactive carbon in the form of carbon dioxide.
Endoscopy was used to examine the upper digestive system. During endoscopy, passes a hollow
tube equipped with a lens of endoscope down to throat and into esophagus, stomach and small
intestine. This endoscope had revealed the ulcers in the stomach.
If detects an ulcer, small tissue samples may be removed for examination in a lab for biopsy test.
A biopsy also identify whether H. pylori is in the stomach lining..
H. pylori past, present and future
The document discusses the history and discovery of Helicobacter pylori and its role in peptic ulcer disease. It describes how in the 1980s, Drs. Barry Marshall and Robin Warren discovered that H. pylori infection was a major cause of peptic ulcers, overturning decades of belief. Their discovery was initially met with resistance from the medical community but was later recognized with the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The document also discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and antibiotic resistance of H. pylori infection.
peptic ulcer ....
Peptic ulcers form in the lining of the stomach, esophagus, or small intestine. Around 80% of ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting of blood. Diagnosis involves tests to detect H. pylori infection and endoscopy to view the ulcers. Treatment focuses on eliminating H. pylori with antibiotics and reducing acid with proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers to promote healing. Lifestyle changes and medications that protect the stomach lining can also help treat peptic ulcers.
Helicobacter pylori
This document provides information about Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori):
1) H. pylori is a spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacterium that lives in the mucus layer of the stomach and was identified in 1982.
2) It can cause diseases like peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and MALT lymphoma through production of toxins and inflammation.
3) Symptoms of H. pylori infection include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, and heartburn.
4) Diagnosis involves invasive tests like endoscopy and biopsy or non-invasive tests like a urea breath test or stool antigen test.
5) Treatment
10_IJPBA_1741_19_RA.pdf
The document describes a study that investigated the gastroprotective effects of an aqueous extract of Piper nigrum and Ferula foetida (AEPF) in rats. Key findings include:
1) AEPF showed significant anti-ulcer activity in various rat models of ulcers including those induced by pylorus ligation, cysteamine, and cold restraint stress.
2) In the pylorus ligation model, AEPF treatment significantly reduced gastric acid secretion and total acidity, increased gastric pH, and decreased ulcer number and index compared to controls.
3) A dose of 400 mg/kg AEPF was found to be more effective than lower doses of 200 and 100 mg/kg
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H. Pylori as an etiological factor in Peptic ulcer disease.
Peptic ulcer disease(PUD) is one of the most common gastroenterological diseases warranting GP consultation. This presentation takes a deep look at H. Pylori; The structure of this bacterium and it's patho-physiology in Peptic ulcer disease(causes about 80-85%).
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Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria that causes peptic ulcers and is linked to gastric cancer. There are invasive and non-invasive tests to diagnose H. pylori infection. Invasive tests include histology, culture, and rapid urease test, while non-invasive options are urea breath test, stool antigen test, and serology. Molecular techniques like PCR are also used and can identify specific genes or antibiotic resistance. The accuracy of diagnostic tests may be affected in cases of bleeding or partial gastrectomy. Post-treatment tests like urea breath test are recommended to confirm eradication success.
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An ulcer is a sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). People of any age can acquire an ulcer. Women are affected just as often as men.
Peptic ulcer disease Mallappa Shalavadi
Peptic ulcer disease is caused by an imbalance between acid in the stomach and mucosal defenses. It can be due to increased acid from H. pylori infection or NSAID use. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, biopsy, and tests for H. pylori. Treatment goals are to relieve symptoms, promote healing, and prevent recurrence by eradicating H. pylori with antibiotic therapy or reducing acid with PPIs if NSAIDs cannot be stopped. For refractory ulcers, assessment of compliance, medication changes, and H. pylori testing are recommended.
12163891.ppt
H. pylori is a gram-negative bacterium found in the human gastrointestinal tract that can cause chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route and its main virulence factors allow it to survive the acidic environment of the stomach. Diagnosis involves non-invasive tests like a blood antibody test or urea breath test, or invasive tests during endoscopy like a biopsy with rapid urease test. Left untreated, H. pylori infection can lead to complications like bleeding or perforation of peptic ulcers. Treatment involves combinations of antibiotics like amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole alongside proton pump inhibitors.
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Dr. T.V. Rao provides an overview of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), the bacterium associated with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Some key points:
- H. pylori was discovered in 1983 by Warren and Marshall and linked to gastritis and ulcers. They received the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- H. pylori colonizes the stomach of about half of individuals worldwide. It is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that lives in the mucus layer of the stomach.
- H. pylori infection can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and in rare
Helicobactor pylori
This document provides an overview of Helicobacter pylori, including its history, classification, morphology, culture, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and conclusion. Some key points include:
- H. pylori was first observed in 1938 and was established as the cause of gastritis in 1982.
- It is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the stomach.
- H. pylori infection can cause gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer.
- Diagnosis involves non-invasive tests like the urea breath test or invasive tests like biopsy and culture.
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C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
Laryngo pharyngeal reflux (lpr)
What is the LPR
Esophageal anatomy
Pathophysiology
Risk factors
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Reinke’s edema
Patterns and Mechanism of LPR and GERD
DIAGNOSIS
Symptom Questionnaire:
Laryngoscopic Findings
Therapeutic Trial for LPR
Ambulatory PH Monitoring
Treatment
Lifestyle modifications
Dietary modification
PHARMACOLOGICAL
Drug therapy
Surgery
H pylori poster-web
H. pylori is a common human pathogen that causes peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer by infecting the stomach and causing inflammation. It is transmitted through poor sanitation and hygiene. Over time, the inflammation can lead to cell damage in the stomach lining and increase cancer risk. Treating H. pylori infections with antibiotics can eliminate gastric cancer risk by eradicating the bacteria. The risk level depends on how much damage has already occurred, so follow up after treatment may be needed to check cancer risk in areas where it is more common.
Git pharmacology anti ulcer drug zeel
The document discusses the physiology of acid secretion in the gastrointestinal tract and the pathophysiology of peptic ulcers. It covers the anatomy of the stomach and types of cells that secrete acid and other substances. Risk factors for peptic ulcers include H. pylori infection and NSAID use. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, urea breath test, and stool antigen test. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and anticholinergics. Surgery may be required in some cases.
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with .pdf
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with bacterium Helicobacter pylori
(H. pylori) and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as
ibuprofen and aspirin.
1. To detect an ulcer, first take a consideration of pre-medical history and execute a physical
exam.
2. Laboratory tests for H. pylori :
Blood tests are normally inaccurate and should not be regularly used and the breath test is the
most accurate.
For the breath test, eat or drink something containing radioactive carbon. H. pylori break down
the material in the stomach. Later, blow into a bag, which is then sealed. If infected with H.
pylori, your breath sample will contain the radioactive carbon in the form of carbon dioxide.
Endoscopy was used to examine the upper digestive system. During endoscopy, passes a hollow
tube equipped with a lens of endoscope down to throat and into esophagus, stomach and small
intestine. This endoscope had revealed the ulcers in the stomach.
If detects an ulcer, small tissue samples may be removed for examination in a lab for biopsy test.
A biopsy also identify whether H. pylori is in the stomach lining.
Solution
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with bacterium Helicobacter pylori
(H. pylori) and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as
ibuprofen and aspirin.
1. To detect an ulcer, first take a consideration of pre-medical history and execute a physical
exam.
2. Laboratory tests for H. pylori :
Blood tests are normally inaccurate and should not be regularly used and the breath test is the
most accurate.
For the breath test, eat or drink something containing radioactive carbon. H. pylori break down
the material in the stomach. Later, blow into a bag, which is then sealed. If infected with H.
pylori, your breath sample will contain the radioactive carbon in the form of carbon dioxide.
Endoscopy was used to examine the upper digestive system. During endoscopy, passes a hollow
tube equipped with a lens of endoscope down to throat and into esophagus, stomach and small
intestine. This endoscope had revealed the ulcers in the stomach.
If detects an ulcer, small tissue samples may be removed for examination in a lab for biopsy test.
A biopsy also identify whether H. pylori is in the stomach lining..
H. pylori past, present and future
The document discusses the history and discovery of Helicobacter pylori and its role in peptic ulcer disease. It describes how in the 1980s, Drs. Barry Marshall and Robin Warren discovered that H. pylori infection was a major cause of peptic ulcers, overturning decades of belief. Their discovery was initially met with resistance from the medical community but was later recognized with the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The document also discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and antibiotic resistance of H. pylori infection.
peptic ulcer ....
Peptic ulcers form in the lining of the stomach, esophagus, or small intestine. Around 80% of ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting of blood. Diagnosis involves tests to detect H. pylori infection and endoscopy to view the ulcers. Treatment focuses on eliminating H. pylori with antibiotics and reducing acid with proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers to promote healing. Lifestyle changes and medications that protect the stomach lining can also help treat peptic ulcers.
Helicobacter pylori
This document provides information about Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori):
1) H. pylori is a spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacterium that lives in the mucus layer of the stomach and was identified in 1982.
2) It can cause diseases like peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and MALT lymphoma through production of toxins and inflammation.
3) Symptoms of H. pylori infection include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, and heartburn.
4) Diagnosis involves invasive tests like endoscopy and biopsy or non-invasive tests like a urea breath test or stool antigen test.
5) Treatment
10_IJPBA_1741_19_RA.pdf
The document describes a study that investigated the gastroprotective effects of an aqueous extract of Piper nigrum and Ferula foetida (AEPF) in rats. Key findings include:
1) AEPF showed significant anti-ulcer activity in various rat models of ulcers including those induced by pylorus ligation, cysteamine, and cold restraint stress.
2) In the pylorus ligation model, AEPF treatment significantly reduced gastric acid secretion and total acidity, increased gastric pH, and decreased ulcer number and index compared to controls.
3) A dose of 400 mg/kg AEPF was found to be more effective than lower doses of 200 and 100 mg/kg
Similar to Non invasive diagnosis of h. pylori infection.acta medica international (20)
H. Pylori as an etiological factor in Peptic ulcer disease.
H. Pylori as an etiological factor in Peptic ulcer disease.
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
C:\Documents And Settings\Louay Labban Uok\Desktop\All\Powerpoints\Helicopact...
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with .pdf
A gastric or stomach ulcer is regularly caused by an infection with .pdf
More from Sanjeev kumar Jain
Systemic review
This document discusses a protocol for a systematic review that aims to synthesize evidence on the relative risk of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It provides background on the prevalence of T2DM and discusses inconsistencies in reported mortality rates. The systematic review will explore all-cause mortality risk in T2DM expressed as hazard ratios, and examine subgroups based on age, gender, socioeconomic factors and causes of death. The review expects to pool data from large cohort studies to accurately summarize the actual mortality risk in T2DM with limited bias and help direct future research.
Review
1) The document discusses the role of platelets in malaria-related acute lung injury (MALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (MARDS). Platelets are recognized as playing a role in immune responses and their presence in the lungs suggests they may contribute to respiratory diseases.
2) Two key steps in the pathogenesis of both MALI/MARDS and non-malarial ALI/ARDS are neutrophil activation/infiltration into the lungs and increased pulmonary capillary permeability. The document hypothesizes that platelets may facilitate these steps in MALI/MARDS through physical interactions with immune cells and secretion of inflammatory factors.
3) Studies of mouse models of MALI/MARDS have provided insights
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The letter describes the author's negative experiences with medical treatment that have left her disabled. She details being mistreated during childbirth and receiving epidural steroid injections for back pain that caused permanent damage, leaving her unable to care for herself. The author believes the injections were performed for profit without proper patient consent. She now suffers constant pain and loss of mobility due to adhesive arachnoiditis caused by the medical procedures. The letter calls for reform to prevent other patients from experiencing similar harm.
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A 53-year-old man experienced a seizure after taking 20mg of fluoxetine daily for 3 weeks to treat depression. He had no known risk factors for seizures. While fluoxetine is generally considered to have a low risk of seizures, there have been some reports of isolated cases of fluoxetine-induced seizures. The clinician concluded that fluoxetine was likely associated with the seizure in this case, as most potential risk factors were ruled out. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for fluoxetine and other antidepressants to lower seizure thresholds, especially in the first few weeks of treatment or at higher than normal doses.
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This document reports on two cases of patients with Wilson's disease who developed severe gastric ulcers after beginning treatment with zinc acetate. Both patients presented with epigastric pain months after starting zinc acetate therapy. Endoscopies revealed gastric ulcers in both patients, which resolved after discontinuing zinc acetate and starting proton pump inhibitor therapy. This is the first reported case of zinc acetate-induced gastric ulcers in Wilson's disease patients. Clinicians should be aware of this potential side effect when prescribing zinc salts to Wilson's disease patients.
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This document discusses the relationship between vitamin D, calcium levels, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It suggests that low vitamin D and calcium levels may play a role in the development of T2DM by impacting insulin secretion and resistance. The document reviews studies showing associations between low vitamin D levels and impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes. While vitamin D's main role is maintaining calcium levels and bone health, emerging evidence indicates it may also influence T2DM risk and glycemic control through effects on insulin and immune function.
16
This document discusses the importance of therapists addressing their own unresolved issues and childhood conflicts in order to effectively help patients. It notes that unresolved problems in a therapist's life can negatively influence the therapeutic process through countertransference. The document recommends therapy for therapists to help recognize and manage countertransference responses that could violate patient boundaries or priorities. It emphasizes the need for self-reflection in therapists to prevent their own needs from interfering with the patient's therapeutic process.
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This document discusses nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics, which are two related but distinct fields that examine the relationship between genetics and nutrition. Nutrigenomics looks at how foods and nutrients influence gene expression, while nutrigenetics focuses on how genetic variations impact an individual's response to specific foods and nutrients. The document provides examples of how knowledge in these fields can help identify personalized diets and nutritional interventions tailored to one's genetic profile that may help prevent or treat chronic diseases like obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It also discusses some specific genetic disorders like lactose intolerance and phenylketonuria where restricting certain foods can benefit affected individuals.
12
This study aimed to determine the correlation between stature and cranial measurements in a population from North India. Cranial length, breadth, and height were measured on 800 medical students aged 17-25 years. Regression analyses found significant positive correlations between stature and both cranial length and breadth for both males and females. Regression equations were generated that could estimate stature based on cranial measurements, which the authors concluded could be useful for forensic and anthropological applications when only skull remains are available. Measurement reliability was high, with technical error of less than 0.5 cm. The study provides population-specific equations for estimating height from cranial dimensions in North Indians.
11
1) The study investigated the dietary patterns and prevalence of anemia among 108 female adolescent garment workers in Bangladesh.
2) It found extremely high prevalence of anemia, with 92% of participants anemic, including 54% moderately anemic and 38% mildly anemic.
3) The participants' diets were found to be generally inadequate, as most did not consume foods like milk, meat, or snacks regularly during the week.
10
This study examined the correlation between body height and cranial measurements in 800 medical students (400 male, 400 female) aged 17-25 years in North India. Cranial length and breadth were measured and found to be significantly larger in males than females. A positive correlation was found between height and cranial dimensions in both sexes. Regression equations were derived that could estimate height from cranial length or breadth measurements. Precision estimates for height and cranial dimension measurements showed a high degree of accuracy. The results indicate cranial dimensions could help estimate height, which has importance for anthropology and forensic sciences.
10
This study examined the correlation between body height and cranial measurements in 800 medical students (400 male, 400 female) aged 17-25 years in North India. Cranial length and breadth were measured and found to be significantly larger in males than females. A positive correlation was found between height and cranial dimensions in both sexes. Regression equations were derived that could estimate height from cranial length or breadth measurements. Precision estimates for height and cranial dimension measurements showed a high degree of accuracy. The results indicate cranial dimensions could help estimate height, which has importance for anthropology and forensic sciences.
9
This document summarizes a study that assessed the prevalence of anxiety and depression in tuberculosis patients and its impact on their quality of life. Some key findings include:
- 37.1% of tuberculosis patients were found to have anxiety and 37.1% had depression according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, compared to only 8.6% and 2.9% respectively in the control group.
- Quality of life parameters like perceived health, relationships, and occupational role were found to be significantly impacted in tuberculosis patients compared to healthy individuals.
- Higher levels of anxiety and depression were found in tuberculosis patients who had been undergoing treatment for less than 3 months compared to those being treated for longer durations.
8
- A study examined the effects of a one-week dietary supplement program consisting of protein shakes and liquid supplements on weight, body fat, cholesterol, and triglycerides in 35 overweight adults.
- After one week, participants experienced statistically significant weight loss of 7.5 lbs on average accompanied by decreased body fat percentage, waist circumference, and other measurements. Cholesterol and triglycerides also decreased significantly.
- Those who continued the program for a second week saw further decreases in weight, body fat, and circumference measurements, suggesting the supplement combination can safely and effectively aid in short-term weight and fat loss.
7
This study evaluated isolated proteinuria in 100 patients with hepatitis A virus (HAV) or hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in Bangladesh. The researchers found that 43% of HAV patients and 45% of HEV patients had protein in their urine. Proteinuria was most common in patients in their third decade of life. The level and pattern of proteinuria differed between HAV and HEV patients. HEV female patients had significantly higher urine protein levels than HAV females. The study suggests that urine protein tests should be routinely performed in patients recovering from HAV or HEV infections to detect any underlying kidney impairment.
6
This document discusses issues with the methodology used to compute suicide rates. It analyzes suicide rate data from India from 1991-2013 when excluding different age populations from 6-9 years old from the total population. Excluding younger ages who likely do not have the cognitive capacity to understand death increases the computed suicide rate, with rates increasing from 11.2 to 14.6 depending on the age cut-off. The percent increase in rates also rises when excluding younger populations, from 16.1% to 33.7%, highlighting that including the entire population dilutes the suicide rate calculation. The document argues for a standardized definition of suicide and debate on a child's concept of death across cultures to better understand suicide rates.
5
This study used scanning electron microscopy to examine the protoscoleces and hooks of Echinococcus granulosus extracted from infected organs of sheep and camels in Libya. SEM images showed morphological variations in the protoscoleces and differences between large and small hooks. Measurements of the hooks found significant statistical differences between hook sizes from different organs and hosts. The findings suggest the need to further study relationships between hook morphology and E. granulosus strains to aid in identification and epidemiological investigations.
5
This study used scanning electron microscopy to examine the protoscoleces and hooks of Echinococcus granulosus collected from infected organs in Libya. SEM images showed morphological variations in the protoscoleces and differences between large and small hooks. Measurements of the hooks found significant statistical differences between hook sizes from different organs and hosts. While some hooks appeared normal, others showed abnormalities in shape, notches or guard structure. This suggests a need to further study relationships between hook morphology and E. granulosus strains to help with identification and epidemiological investigations.
4
This study investigated the morphological and functional aspects of the hand in relation to age, gender, and sports participation. The researchers measured hand dimensions and grip strength in 546 children aged 9-18 years who were grouped as little (9-11 years), youth (12-14 years), and junior (15-18 years). The children were further divided into sporting and non-sporting groups. The results showed statistically significant differences in several hand measurements and grip strength between the sporting and non-sporting groups, with differences seen in both males and females of different age groups. The findings suggest sports participation is associated with morphological and functional differences in the hand.
3
This study examined the potential protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were treated with cisplatin to induce kidney damage and divided into groups that received either MSCs or no additional treatment. Kidney tissue was analyzed histologically and biochemically after 4 weeks. Cisplatin caused significant kidney damage including atrophied glomeruli, thickened membranes, and tubule damage. It also increased serum markers of kidney injury and electrolyte levels. Rats treated with MSCs after cisplatin showed substantially reduced kidney damage on histology and ultrastructure. Biochemical markers and electrolyte levels were also largely restored to normal
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Non invasive diagnosis of h. pylori infection.acta medica international
- 1. 85 Letter to editor Non-invasive Diagnosis of H. pylori infection Sir, Since Barry Marshall described the Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) and its role in different gastrointestinal diseases, an intense research effort has developed different diagnostic methods. The only non-invasive test method that can be clinically used as a diagnostic tool for ongoing infection with H.pylori and post-eradication follow-up is the “Urea Breath Test." With theHeliprobe TM,a cost- effective test is available. The Urea Breath Test (UBT) is based on the fact that the H.pylori produces an enzyme, Urease, which catalyses the hydrolysis of the urea molecule into ammonium and carbon dioxide. H.pylori requires the alkaline ammonium in order to establish an optimal local mucosal environment within the acidic environment of the stomach. The urea compound is an endogenous substance that contains one carbon atom, normally 12C, which can be replaced by its isotope 14C or 13C. HeliprobeTM uses the isotope 14C which has very low beta-radioactive emission. The radioactive dose used for a HeliprobeTMtest is 1 micro curie, which is significantly less than the radioactive dose given at a normal X-Ray examination of the stomach. Patient is called in the morning after overnight fasting. A Helicap (1microcurie capsule of C14-urea) is ingested with 50 ml of water. If an infection with H.pylori is present in the stomach, the “living” bacteria produces the enzyme “urease” that metabolizes the 14C-urea into ammonium and carbon dioxide containing the 14C-labelled atoms. The carbon dioxide will be assimilated through the mucosa into the blood stream and transported to the lungs where it is exhaled. By collecting the exhaled carbon dioxide in the Breath CardTM, the amount of 14CO2 produced in the stomach can be measured with the HeliprobeTM instrument. If the patient is not infected, no metabolization of urea will occur, and no14CO2 can be detected with the HeliprobeTM system. In this case ,the un-metabolized 14C urea will pass along the digestive canal to be excreted in the urine. If the HeliprobeTM system detects 14CO2, this is diagnostic evidence of an ongoing infection with living H.pylori. HeliprobeTM is developed for primary diagnosis of H.pylori, as well for follow-up after eradication treatment. This test has 95% sensitivity, 100% specificity & 98.4% accuracy. The anti-secretory drugs if taken by the patients should be stopped 1 week prior to test. H.pylori has etiological role in ulcer (gastric & duodenal) and non-ulcer dyspepsia, gastric cancer, unexplained iron deficiency anaemia, and recurrent pain in theabdomen in children. H.pylori also has etiological role in migraine, rheumatoid arthritis, weight & height restriction in children, skin disorders-acne, urticaria, psoriasis and lichen planus, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative disorders- parkinsonism & gynaecological disorders- infertility, hyperemesis gravidarum & IUGR and other gastrointestinal disorders- gall stones, cholangiocarcinoma, cirrhosis & colorectal carcinoma.
- 2. 86 Triple drug H. pylori eradication therapy is advised in positive cases,but we give lactulose which causes lactic acidosis after digestion by colonic bacteria. Lactic acid is secreted by stomach mucosa which burstthecloud of ammonia around H. pylori, thus exposing the bacteria to strong acid. To make acid strong, antisecretory drugs should be stopped 1 week prior to lactulose therapy. SUGGESTED READING: 1. Malfertheiner P, Michetti P, Price A: Helicobacter pylori – An Atlas. United Kingdom:Science Press Ltd, 1996 2.Ayyagiri A, Ray P, Kochhar R, Bhasin D, Siddeshi ER, Singh K, Malik AK and Mehta SK. Evaluation of different methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric disease. Indian J Med Res.1990;91:126-128. 3.Hegedus O, Rydeen J, Rehnberg AS, Nilsson S, Hellstrom PM: Validated accuracy of a novel urea breath test for rapid Helicobacter pylori detection and in-office analysis. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology 2002; 14: 1-8. 4.Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C, Bazzoli F, El-Omar E. The European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG): Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report. Gut 2007; 56:772-781. How to cite this article:Hemnani, T.J.Letter to editor.Non invasive diagnosis of H.pylori infection. Acta Medica International.2014; 1(1): 88- 89. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None