Internship

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A corporate internship is a professional learning experience that provides significant practical
work related to an individual's career interest or field of study. Internships can provide a great
transition between the education process and a career. Forming a great introduction to any industry,
corporate internships allow students to explore new skills and develop themselves for the next
corporate journey.
The universities usually provide internships as a part of the curriculum and practical training to
help students become industry ready and match the company requirements. Although they can be
paid or unpaid, corporate internships' value to one's career development is immense.
So, what are the key benefits of corporate internships, and how can they help our career
development.
Objectives of the study:
1. provide us a job experience of the job
2. To know the career Direction About the career
3. To Provide Diverse Experience on practical k
4. To mentorship for many people
5. To Grab Good References
6. To Boost confidence in employment
Scope of the study
1. Job experience: When you apply for a job, recruiters often look for requirements such as
education/qualification and minimum job experience. However, as a fresher, you will certainly
not have any prior job experience to fill the void in the experience column. That's where
internships come in handy! You can thus build your resume impressive with the internship
experience and gain your employer's attention. The references you build during your internship
tenure also help you grab the opportunity much faster!

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2. Career Direction : Internships help you make more informed decisions about your career.
Since you get to work in different departments during the internship, you get an idea about
your comfort zones and the areas where you can perform better. For example, one may be good
in administration but lack skills in marketing and sales. However, at the end of your course,
you land a job in marketing itself! Therefore, prior exposure to industrial practices helps you
determine exactly what career you want. It lets you take a call on the type of roles that you
want to take once you pass out that can fit your personality and your talent
3. Diverse Experience : During internships, you will be assigned to not just one department but
several others from time to time to enrich your practical knowledge and skills from all
aspects. You can help the HRD in payroll one day while helping in the sales funnel the other
day. One day you might also attend senior management meetings or observe big branding
events. Therefore, internships provide you with opportunities to enrich your overall experience
and make it diverse all the same.
4. Mentorship: It is seen that many people often build valuable mentor relationships during their
internships. It often starts with a personal connection between the mentor and the mentee and
deepens organically over time. When you get inspired by your mentor, you automatically start
directing your career path in that direction. A good mentor often gives you good career advice
and insights into the corporate world that may serve handy during your corporate life.
5. Good Reference an recommendation: You may be subjected to a valuable reference through
the supervisors and mentor you meet during your internship. These can also help you get a
full-time job at that place itself! When you are hard-working and willing to learn, the managers
appreciate your efforts and often recommend you to their known circle. These references and
recommendations become a source for you to shine better in your career objectives.
6. Boosts Confidence: Transitioning from college to full-time employment is a journey full of
excitement, aspirations, hope, anxiety, and expectations. Sometimes, you may lose your self-
confidence or succumb to self-doubt. An internship helps you bridge this gap and eliminate

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some pressure of quickly finding a permanent job by providing you with the skills and
knowledge required to fill a position. Internships provide a practical outlook on how a company
develops leaders, which forms a basis for your inspiration. You can observe and learn time
management skills, team building, problem-solving, and other managerial skills. All of this
adds value, erases self-doubt, and boosts your personality with confidence that you, too, can
make it!
7. Networking: Networking is a significant benefit of internships. The group of people that you
meet during an internship can later become mentors, references, and recommenders for your
future job opportunities. It becomes a source to expand your job network. Apart from helping
you with the open positions, these people also contribute to developing your skills and
providing moral support in your early career. Building a strong network of contacts is reason
enough over the skills of our qualified team of professionals, we deliver best quality service to
our clients. Modern equipment is used by our team members for rendering these quality
services. This helps in attaining maximum satisfaction of the esteemed customers.

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CHAPTER 2
INDUSTRY PROFILE
The Construction Industry of India is important indicator of the development as it creates
investment opportunities across various related sectors. With a share of around 8.2%, the
construction industry has contributed an estimated ₹670,778 Crores of the national GDP at factor
cost in 2011–12. The industry is fragmented, with a handful of major companies involved in the
construction activities across all segments; medium-sized companies specializing in niche
activities; and small and medium contractors who work on the subcontractor basis and carry out
the work in the field. In 2011, there were slightly over 500 construction equipment manufacturing
companies in all of India. The sector is intensive and, includes provides employment to more than
49.5 million people.
The construction sector is visualized to play a powerful role in economic growth, in addition to
producing structures that adds to productivity and quality of life. economic development is a term
that economics politician and other have used frequently in the 20th century, modernization
westernization and specially industrialisation are other terms people have used while discussing
economic development. economic development has a direct relationship with the environment.
government undertaking to meet go abroad economic objectives such as price stability, high
employment and sustainable growth, such efforts include financial and economic policies,
regulations of financial industry trade and tax policies.
The construction industry in India suffers from major time and cost overruns. Data from
government and industry reports suggest that projects suffer from 20 to 25 percent time and cost
overruns. Waste of resources has been identified as a major source of inefficiency. Despite a
substantial increase in the past few years, demand for professionals and contractors still exceeds
supply by a large margin. The traditional methods adopted in the Indian construction industry may
not suffice the needs of this dynamic environment, as they have produced large inefficiencies.
Innovative ways of procurement and project management can satisfy the needs aspired to as well
as bring added value. The objective of this paper is to discuss and the economic concerns,
inefficiencies and investigate a model that both explains the Indian construction industry structure
and provides a framework to improve efficien

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History of the Industry
Tracing the history of construction can be tricky since there’s no clear definition of what exactly
constitutes construction. For example, can we consider pit-houses construction? What about grass
shelters? Early humans manipulated their environment to protect themselves from the elements in
a number of ways. These were usually temporary structures like lean-tos or windbreaks. Tools
were made from animal bones and stone. Building materials included sticks and branches, grass,
mud, and animal skins.
The First Evidence of Construction in the World:
The temporary nature of prehistoric structures means that most evidence has long been lost to the
elements. Archaeologists and historians can only make assumptions based on the clues left
behind. And the earliest example of one of these clues is at the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. There,
archaeologists discovered a 1.8 million years ago stone circle that resembles the foundations of
stick or grass huts built by hunter-gatherers.
If the Olduvai Gorge site is the first evidence of construction, it predates modern humans, meaning
that construction is older than mankind as we know it.
However, this is disputed, as some experts say it’s hard to know how the stone formation at
Olduvai Gorge was used. Instead, many historians say that the first evidence of man-made shelter
is in Terra Amata, France. Dating back to 400,000 B.C., these temporary huts likely provided
shelter for early humans to use during the hunting season. . Experts also agree that the earliest
evidence of large-scale buildings is in Mesopotamia. In addition to dwellings, the Mesopotamians
built palaces, temples, and ziggurats, often using advanced bricklaying techniques. is also home
to civilization’s oldest known roads. In the cities of Ur and Babylon, archaeologists uncovered
paved roads dating back to 4000 B.C., which were primarily used for trade.
Ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, and China also made significant advances in construction. The
pyramids of Egypt, the temples of Greece, and the imperial palaces of China continue to marvel
and inspire us to this day. Imhotep, who lived circa 2650–2600 B.C., is often regarded as the first
known engineer and architect. The 50,000-mile-long Roman road system stretched from Britain

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to Syria, and was remarkable because of the Romans’ obsession with creating the straightest
possible routes between cities in their massive empire.
How Construction Has Changed Over the Years:
As more people settled in cities, the scale and scope of construction grew. Humans built
increasingly sophisticated permanent structures where they could live, work, and gather together,
as well as the infrastructure to support sedentary living. Implementing these projects required
engineers and architects, coordination of materials, as well as rules to guide construction, and the
industry as we know it began to take shape in the 16th century.
Architecture and engineering began to be viewed as separate professions that required specialized
education. Andrea Palladio (born 1508 A.D.) is widely regarded as the first modern architect.
Known for experimentation and use of materials to suit his clients’ needs, Palladio designed
palaces and country estates for Italian nobles. His work heavily influenced the architects that
followed, with his use of a classical temple facade as a roofed entrance porch being the most
notable.
John Smeaton (born 1724 A.D.) is often referred to as the “father of civil engineering,” and is
most well-known for his water, roads, bridges, and millworks projects. His most famous project is
the Eddystone Lighthouse in Cornwall, United Kingdom, which was the first structure of its kind
to be built with interlocking stone. He also founded the first engineering society in the world, the
Society of Civil Engineers.
The Industrial Revolution and Construction:
The rise of the construction profession coincided with the rise of modern science in the 17th and
18th centuries. Scientific breakthroughs enabled architects and engineers to experiment with a
wider array of materials and forms. Combined with the technological advances made during the
industrial revolution in the 19th century, these innovations sparked a wave of change
in construction.

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In 1709, Abraham Darby developed a new method of iron smelting that allowed for the mass
production of cast iron, setting the foundation for a series of innovations:
• Darby’s grandson oversaw the construction of the first iron bridge, built in the U.K. in 1781.
After the 32-yard bridge survived a serious flood in 1795, other builders created their own iron
structures.
• As the U.S. expanded rapidly throughout the 19th century, cast iron was the metal of choice
for many new structures. From storefronts to water systems, builders widely used cast iron for
its low cost, strength, and resistance to fire.
• Cast iron was also the primary material used for railway construction until it was replaced by
wrought iron in the 1820s.
The advances in mass production led to the emergence of prefabrication. The first modular homes
were conceived in 1830. In the U.S., the Sears Roebuck company sold houses by mail-order up
until the 1940s. Builders also used prefabrication for non-residential structures. Made up of glass
and cast iron the Crystal Palace in London was first assembled in 1851. It was then taken down
and reassembled in a South London suburb where it remained until it was destroyed by a fire.
One of the most impactful innovations of the Industrial Revolution was the Bessemer process,
which made steel production cheaper and more affordable. From 1890 to 1895, up to 80% of steel
was produced by the Bessemer process. Iron railways were replaced with steel, and by 1900, you
could wrap all of the steel railways around the globe 10 times. While the Brooklyn Bridge, the
world’s first major steel suspension bridge, isn’t totally made up of Bessemer steel, its builders
benefitted from the overall accessibility of materials.
With the introduction of steel girders, buildings could reach new heights. Combined with the
invention of mechanized construction equipment and Elisha Otis’ safer design for elevators,
Bessemer steel also ushered in the age of skyscrapers. The world’s first skyscraper, Chicago’s
Home Insurance Building, was built in 1885. Initially built to be 10 stories high, the building was
later expanded to 12 floors in 1890.

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The Modern Evolution of Construction
Throughout the 20th century, construction continued to build upon the economies of scale created
during the Industrial Revolution.
Skyscraper Dominance:
In the early 20th century, skyscrapers took off completely, especially in Chicago and New York.
During this “first great age” of skyscrapers, a succession of record-breaking skyscrapers were built,
as each builder attempted to outdo their predecessors, and companies saw the buildings as
extensions of their brand. New York City became home to some of the tallest and most iconic
skyscrapers in the world, with the Flatiron Building and the Woolworth Building being two of the
most notable. During this period, contractors and engineers also devised methods to improve
construction costs and scheduling to make construction more efficient.
Now, massive skyscrapers dot the globe. In the late 20th century, countries in the Eastern
hemisphere began building some of the most cutting-edge skyscrapers. Just as Chicago and New
York’s builders competed for tallest building during the early and mid-20th century, the 21st
century has seen sort of a skyscraper race among Middle Eastern and Eastern countries.
The Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur were the first record-holders for tallest building
outside of the U.S. In 2003, they were unseated by Taipei 101 in Taipei, Taiwan. The title is now
held by the 2,722-foot-tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Aside from height, some
of the most innovative skyscraper builders are experimenting with architectural styles, innovative
materials, energy efficiency measures, and occupant comfort.
The U.S. House Bhoom:
After World War II, demand for housing exploded in the U.S., driven by the thriving postwar
economy, the Baby Boom, and an influx of immigrants. Some of the mass production techniques
used in the auto industry were applied to home-building, with one builder creating 30 homes per
day. Many of the immigrants driving the housing boom also helped to build new houses. The
construction industry has long been a vital lifeline for immigrants in the U.S. Workers from

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Germany, Ireland, and Asia found construction work after coming to the states, and today 2.2
million construction workers are foreign-born.
Massive Infrastructure Projects:
The housing boom led to the emergence of the suburbs and the highways that support them.
Construction began on the US interstate highway system after the signing of the Federal-Aid
Highway Act of 1956. It was first conceived by Congress in two reports released in 1939 and 1944,
which highlighted a need for a system that would “meet the requirements of the national defense
in time of war and the needs of a growing peacetime traffic of longer range.” The Mark Twain
Expressway in Missouri was the first project to go under construction under the 1956 act.
The U.S. interstate highway system was one of many massive infrastructure projects in the 20th
and 21st centuries:
• The Panama Canal, which opened in 1914, was the most expensive construction project in
history at that time.
• The Channel Tunnel connecting France and the UK opened in 1994. It consists of three
tunnels: two for rail traffic and a central tunnel for services.
• The Three Gorges Dam, completed in 2012 in China, is the world’s largest hydroelectric plant
Present-Day Construction, and What It Says About the Future
Whether creating a megaproject or single-family home, the construction industry has become
increasingly focused on sustainability. Society as a whole has grown more aware of climate
change, the depletion of natural resources, and the human impact on natural habitats. Historically,
sustainable construction has focused on the operations phase of assets. But the sustainability of
construction processes is becoming increasingly important as well. Industry stakeholders are
already starting to reduce the environmental impact of construction, and it will continue to be a
key focal point in the future.Digital transformation in construction is picking up, and will play a
critical role in solving sustainability and other persistent challenges in the industry. Construction
firms are adopting technology to improve efficiency, reduce risk, and make data-driven decisions,
challenges that became even more acute during the pandemic.

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While many construction companies have implemented technology piece-meal, forward-thinking
firms are embracing connected construction. Connected construction—where various project
teams leverage technologies that support collaboration and information-sharing—is the future of
construction. To solve the problems of today and the future, and to write the next chapters of
construction’s history, disparate construction teams will collaborate throughout the project
lifecycle. Solving construction’s sustainability, efficiency, and cost challenges depends on it.
Construction Industry Sector
Industrial assemblage of a thermal oxidizer in the United States Broadly, there are three sectors
of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial;
• Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-residential.
• Infrastructure, also called heavy civil or heavy engineering, includes large public works,
dams, bridges, highways, railways, water or wastewater and utility distribution.
• Industrial construction includes offshore construction (mainly of energy installations),
mining and quarrying, refineries, chemical processing, mills and manufacturing plants.
The industry can also be classified into sectors or markets. For example, Engineering
NewsRecord (ENR), a US-based construction trade magazine, has compiled and reported data
about the size of design and construction contractors. In 2014, it split the data into nine market
segments: transportation, petroleum, buildings, power, industrial, water, manufacturing,
sewer/waste, telecom, hazardous waste, and a tenth category for other projects. ENR used data on
transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors.
The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification
System classify companies that perform or engage in construction into three subsectors: building
construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are
also categories for professional services firms (e.g., engineering, architecture, surveying, project)
Building construction is the process of adding structures to areas of land, also known as real
property sites. Typically, a project is instigated by or with the owner of the property (who may be
an individual or an organisation); occasionally, land may be compulsorily purchased from the
owner for public use.

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• Residential construction :
Residential construction may be undertaken by individual land-owners (self-build), by
specialist housebuilders, by property developers, by general contractors, or by providers of public
or social housing (e.g.: local authorities, housing associations). Where
local zoning or planning policies allow, mixed-use developments may comprise both residential
and non-residential construction (e.g.: retail, leisure, offices, public buildings, etc.) Residential
construction practices, technologies, and resources must conform to local
building authority regulations and codes of practice. Materials readily available in the area
generally dictate the construction materials used (e.g.: brick versus stone versus timber). Costs of
construction on a per square meter (or per square foot) basis for houses can vary dramatically based
on site conditions, access routes, local regulations, economies of scale (custom-designed homes
are often more expensive to build) and the availability of skilled tradespeople.
Depending upon the type of building, non-residential building construction can be procured by a
wide range of private and public organisations, including local authorities, educational and
religious bodies, transport undertakings, retailers, hoteliers, property developers, financial
institutions and other private companies. Most construction in these sectors is undertaken by
general contractors.
• Infrastructure construction :
Civil engineering covers the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and
naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, tunnels,
airports, water and sewerage systems, pipelines, and railways. Some general contractors have
expertise in civil engineering; civil engineering contractors are firms dedicated to work in this
sector, and may specialise in particular types of infrastructure.
• Industrial construction :
Industrial construction includes offshore construction (mainly of energy installations: oil and gas
platforms, wind power), mining and quarrying, refineries, breweries, distilleries and other
processing plants, power stations, steel mills, warehouses and factories

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Construction Proccess :
Some construction projects are small renovations or repair jobs, like repainting or fixing leaks,
where the owner may act as designer, paymaster and laborer for the entire project. However, more
complex or ambitious projects usually require additional multi-disciplinary expertise and
manpower, so the owner may commission one or more specialist businesses to undertake detailed
planning, design, construction and handover of the work. Often the owner will appoint one
business to oversee the project (this may be a designer, a contractor, a construction manager, or
other advisors); such specialists are normally appointed for their expertise in project delivery, and
will help the owner define the project brief, agree on a budget and schedule, liaise with relevant
public authorities, and procure the services of other specialists (the supply chain,
comprising subcontractors). Contracts are agreed for the delivery of services by all businesses,
alongside other detailed plans aimed at ensuring legal, timely, on-budget and safe delivery of the
specified works.
Design, finance, and legal aspects overlap and interrelate. The design must be not only structurally
sound and appropriate for the use and location, but must also be financially possible to build, and
legal to use. The financial structure must be adequate to build the design provided and must pay
amounts that are legally owed. Legal structures integrate design with other activities and enforce
financial and other construction processes.
These processes also affect procurement strategies. Clients may, for example, appoint
a business to design the project, after which a competitive process is undertaken to appoint a lead
contractor to construct the asset (design–bid–build); they may appoint a business to lead both
design and construction (design-build); or they may directly appoint a designer, contractor and
specialist subcontractors (construction management). Some forms of procurement emphasize
collaborative relationships (partnering, alliancing) between the client, the contractor, and other
stakeholders within a construction project, seeking to ameliorate often highly competitive and
adversarial industry practices.
Construction or refurbishment work in a "live" environment (where residents or businesses remain
living in or operating on the site) requires particular care, planning and communication.

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➢ Planning :
When applicable, a proposed construction project must comply with local land-use
planning policies including zoning and building code requirements. A project will normally be
assessed (by the 'authority having jurisdiction, AHJ, typically the municipality where the project
will be located) for its potential impacts on neighbouring properties, and upon existing
infrastructure (transportation, social infrastructure, and utilities including water supply, sewerage,
electricity, telecommunications, etc.). Data may be gathered through site analysis, site
surveys and geotechnical investigations. Construction normally cannot start until planning
permission has been granted, and may require preparatory work to ensure relevant infrastructure
has been upgraded before building work can commence. Preparatory works will also include
surveys of existing utility lines to avoid damage-causing outages and other hazardous situations.
Some legal requirements come from malum in se considerations, or the desire to prevent
indisputably bad phenomena, e.g. explosions or bridge collapses. Other legal requirements come
from considerations, or factors that are a matter of custom or expectation, such as isolating
businesses from a business district or residences from a residential district. An attorney may seek
changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built, either by
arguing that a rule is inapplicable (the bridge design will not cause a collapse), or that the custom
is no longer needed (acceptance of live-work spaces has grown in the community).
During the construction of a building, a municipal building inspector usually inspects the ongoing
work periodically to ensure that construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building
code. Once construction is complete, any later changes made to a building or other asset that affect
safety, including its use, expansion, structural integrity, and fire protection, usually require
municipality approval.
➢ Finance :
Depending on the type of project, mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers may
participate in creating an overall plan for the financial management of a construction project. The
presence of the mortgage banker is highly likely, even in relatively small projects since the owner's
equity in the property is the most obvious source of funding for a building project. Accountants
act to study the expected monetary flow over the life of the project and to monitor the payouts

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throughout the process. Professionals including cost engineers, estimators and quantity
surveyors apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation.
Large projects can involve highly complex financial plans and often start with a conceptual cost
estimate performed by a building estimator. As portions of a project are completed, they may be
sold, supplanting one lender or owner for another, while the logistical requirements of having the
right trades and materials available for each stage of the building construction project carry
forward. Public–private partnerships (PPPs) or private finance initiatives (PFIs) may also be used
to help deliver major projects. According to McKinsey in 2019, the "vast majority of large
construction projects go over budget and take 20% longer than expected".
➢ Legal :
A construction project is a complex net of construction contracts and other legal obligations, each
of which all parties must carefully consider. A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations
between two or more parties, and provides structures to manage issues. For example, construction
delays can be costly, so construction contracts set out clear expectations and clear paths to manage
delays. Poorly drafted contracts can lead to confusion and costly disputes.
At the start of a project, legal advisors seek to identify ambiguities and other potential sources of
trouble in the contract structures, and to present options for preventing problems. During projects,
they work to avoid and resolve conflicts that arise. In each case, the lawyer facilitates an exchange
of obligations that matches the reality of the project.
➢ Procurement :
Design-bid-build is the most common and well-established method of construction procurement.
In this arrangement, the architect, engineer or builder acts for the client as the project coordinator.
They design the works, prepare specifications and design deliverables (models, drawings, etc.),
administer the contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion. In
parallel, there are direct contractual links between the client and the main contractor, who, in turn,
has direct contractual relationships with subcontractors. The arrangement continues until the
project is ready for handover.

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➢ Design-Build :
Design-build became more common from the late 20th century, and involves the client contracting
a single entity to provide design and construction. In some cases, the design-build package can
also include finding the site, arranging funding and applying for all necessary statutory consents.
Typically, the client invites several Design & Build (D&B) contractors to submit proposals to meet
the project brief and then selects a preferred supplier. Often this will be a consortium involving a
design firm and a contractor (sometimes more than one of each). In the United States, departments
of transportation usually use design-build contracts as a way of progressing projects where states
lack the skills or resources, particularly for very large projects.
➢ Construction management :
In a construction management arrangement, the client enters into separate contracts with the
designer (architect or engineer), a construction manager, and individual trade contractors. The
client takes on the contractual role, while the construction or project manager provides the active
role of managing the separate trade contracts, and ensuring that they complete all work smoothly
and effectively together. This approach is often used to speed up procurement processes, to allow
the client greater flexibility in design variation throughout the contract, to enable the appointment
of individual work contractors, to separate contractual responsibility on each individual throughout
the contract, and to provide greater client control.
➢ Design
In the industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality.
Most commonly (i.e.: in a design-bid-build project), the design team is employed by (i.e. in
contract with) the property owner. Depending upon the type of project, a design team may
include architects, civil engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, structural
engineers, fire protection engineers, planning consultants, architectural consultants, and
archaeological consultants. A 'lead designer' will normally be identified to help coordinate
different disciplinary inputs to the overall design. This may be aided by integration of previously
separate disciplines (often undertaken by separate firms) into multi-disciplinary firms with experts
from all related fields, or by firms establishing relationships to support design-build processes.

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The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need for design professionals
trained in all phases of a project's life-cycle and develop an appreciation of the asset as an advanced
technological system requiring close integration of many sub-systems and their individual
components, including sustainability. For buildings, building engineering is an emerging
discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge.
Traditionally, design has involved the production of sketches, architectural and engineering
drawings, and specifications. Until the late 20th century, drawings were largely hand-drafted;
adoption of computer-aided design (CAD) technologies then improved design productivity, while
the 21st-century introduction of building information modeling (BIM) processes has involved the
use of computer-generated models that can be used in their own right or to generate drawings and
other visualisations as well as capturing non-geometric data about building components and
systems.
On some projects, work on-site will not start until design work is largely complete; on others, some
design work may be undertaken concurrently with the early stages of on-site activity (for example,
work on a building's foundations may commence while designers are still working on the detailed
designs of the building's internal spaces). Some projects may include elements that are designed
for off-site construction (see also prefabrication and modular building) and are then delivered to
the site ready for erection, installation or assembly
Once contractors and other relevant professionals have been appointed and designs are sufficiently
advanced, work may commence on the project site. Typically, a construction site will include a
secure perimeter to restrict unauthorised access, site access control points, office and welfare
accommodation for personnel from the main contractor and other firms involved in the project
team, and storage areas for materials, machinery and equipment. According to the definition,
construction may be said to have started when the first feature of the permanent structure has been
put in place, such as pile driving, or the pouring of slabs or footings.
➢ Commissioning And Handover
Commissioning is the process of verifying that all subsystems of a new building (or other assets)
work as intended to achieve the owner's project requirements and as designed by the project's
architects and engineers.

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Defects liability period :
A period after handover (or practical completion) during which the owner may identify any
shortcomings in relation to the building specification ('defects'), with a view to the contractor
correcting the defect. Maintenance, repair and improvement
Maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices,
equipment, machinery, building infrastructure, and supporting utilities in industrial, business,
governmental, and residential installations.
Demolition :
Demolition is the discipline of safely and efficiently tearing down buildings and other
artificial structures. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction, which involves taking a building
apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for reuse purposes
• Growth Rising awareness and acceptance of waterproofing products in retail market by house
owners to drive positive growth in India
• Pipeline of 41 skyscraper projects including residential and commercial building will provide
boost high-end waterproofing products.
• Growing technology and fast paced construction, liquid waterproofing products are expected
to higher market share compared sheet waterproofing membrane due to ease of application and
cost effectiveness.
• Effect on Emergence of Paint Manufacturers in Waterproofing Market: Entry of paint giants
such as Asian Paints, Burger Paints and others with strong retail supply chain network and vast
customer base looking to capture retail/bazaar market of waterproofing products has increased
product awareness through advertisements and ease of product availability through extended
supply channel.
• Rise in High-End Construction Project Pipeline Growing congestion in Tier 1 cities of India
has lead to increase demand of high-rise buildings & skyscraper; also growing pressure from
government in utilizing green building materials and demand for luxury & upscale projects by
end users has pushed real estate developers for high-end project development in India. Till

18. 18
FY’2024 approx. 50,000 branded hotel room supplies consisting of 10% luxury and 22%
upscale rooms as per industry report.
• Infrastructure & Construction Development in Tier 2 & 3 cities Government schemes such
Smart Cities Mission, Housing for all by 2022 has made investors to invest in Tier 2 & Tier 3
cities which will drive the growth for construction activities and has opened up a new market
for waterproofing products. Ken Research suggests that the government focus on
infrastructure & construction development as well as green building materials requirements
will drive the demand for modern waterproofing techniques & products in the future. Capital
cities such as Delhi NCR, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Ahmedabad, along with Tier 2
cities have promising infrastructure developments and construction lined up and will emerge
as key target segments for a waterproofing manufacturer looking to penetrate the institutional
segment. The revenue generated from sale of waterproofing products is projected to grow at a
CAGR of 8.0% during the period FY’2019-FY’2025
Advantages :
• Safety : If the roof is not waterproof, any wiring or pipes that run through it are at risk of water
damage. This can lead to shorts and leaks, potentially causing a severe safety hazard.
Waterproofing your industrial roof will help prevent accidents or injuries caused by faulty
electrical equipment.
• Structural Integrity :Another benefit of waterproofing your industrial roof is that it helps to
protect the structure of the building. If water gets into cracks or holes in the roof, it can cause
the supports to weaken and eventually collapse. This could lead to severe damage to the
property and put lives at risk. Waterproofing will seal any gaps or cracks, helping prevent
structural issues.

19. 19
• Protection from the Elements :Waterproofing creates a barrier against water, snow and ice.
This is especially important in areas that experience extreme weather conditions. It can help to
prevent leaks and damage caused by heavy snowfall or high winds.
• Extended Lifespan :Waterproofing your industrial roof can also extend its lifespan. By
protecting against weather damage, waterproofing can help to prevent premature deterioration.
This can save money on repairs and replacement in the long run.
• Improved Insulation: Another benefit of waterproofing industrial roofs is improved insulation.
Waterproofing can help prevent heat loss, keeping the building warmer in winter and summer.
This can lead to reduced energy bills and a more comfortable working environment.
• Low maintenance: By waterproofing your roof, you can also reduce the amount of maintenance
required. This is because waterproofing prevents any water damage, which can be difficult and
costly.
Disadvantages :
• Risk of air bubbles : Poor or improper preparation of the substrate and using the wrong tolls
may create air bubbles within the membrane.
• Inconsistencies of thickness : Due to the nature of liquid, it is challenging to control the thickness
of the membrane especially when the surface is uneven. If not done correctly, there will be
error in the application.
• Risk of membrane blistering : Solvent-based are not applicable over damp or uncured surfaces,
or else it will cause membrane blistering.
• Limitation on surface of application : Most liquid waterproofing membrane need to applied onto
cured concrete surface. Surface must be even and any cracks must be treated before applied.

20. 20
Regulatory Framework Of Waterproofing:
When compared to the markets of other developed or emerging countries, the
Indian waterproofing market remains in its infancy. Although, an evolving consciousness for the
waterproofing products is observed amidst the designers and real estate developers of Tier I metros.
The mindset of the players in Tier II, III and beyond remains diluted, and reluctance for an
advanced solution remains. This prevalent circumstance, on the flip side, will be the avenue.
With a thriving economy and swelling disposable income, the waterproofing market of India holds
a stupendous potential. For example - If we look at the UK or France, the waterproofing industry
of these economies is as big as India, with a population one twentieth that of ours. Hence, when
calculated under the same yardstick, it leads to a figure of Five Billion USD .
However, to propel the growth, an increasing impetus needs to be delivered by all the industry
players along with the government institutions and the designers. We at Choksey Chemicals are
diligently playing our part. In a quest to chalk out the roadmap for developing this industry in
India, I personally collaborated with the Bureau of Indian Standards(BIS) in 2011. During this
time we strived to upgrade the standards of waterproofing in India, and after almost six odd years,
we were successful in underlining the first code for basement waterproofing.
Today, the waterproofing market of India is growing at a CAGR of 20%, and in this growth the
basement waterproofing segment has evolved as a major contributor. Owing to the attempt of
standardizing the basement waterproofing, a massive domain awareness has been generated amidt
Every civil structure demands personalized waterproofing solutions depending on the type, use,
and environment. However, with 1000’s of solutions available in the market, this often becomes a
challenging task to accomplish. How should the industry overcome this scenario
Choosing the proper waterproofing solution is often the most challenging task. Infact, this is where
we have worked closely with the BIS. In the underlined code of the practice there are few ground
rules that make the job easier for the industry. Starting design flowcharts to inclusion of the
waterproofing expert right from the design stage and segregation of the waterproofing solution in
the three types based on the type, use, and environment of the civil
structure, the code contains all.

21. 21
CHAPTER 3
3 C ANALYSIS - COMAPANY, CUSTOMER, COMPETITOR.
Company History :
Green Army Construction was Established in the year 1996 , Green Army in Rajarajeshwari nagar
bangalore is a top player in the category waterproofing contractors . This is a well-unkown
establishment acts as a one-stop destination servicing customers both local and from other parts of
it. Over the course of its journey, this business has established a firm foothold in its industry. The
belief that customer satisfaction is an important as their products an services, have helped this
establishment garner a vast base of customers which continues to grow by the day. This business
employs individuals that are dedicated towards their respective roles and put in a lot of effort to
archive the common vision and larger goals of the company . in the near future this business aims
to expand its line of products an services and cater to a larger client base .It is an effortless task in
commuting to this establishment as there are various modes of transport readily available .
Deterioration of structures due to seepage and leakage is a major problem prevalent throughout
the country. Dampness in buildings caused by the ingress of moisture through its components not
only shortens its life span but also creates in hygienic conditions for the occupants. Besides, it
involves expensive repairs for rectification. Thus, it is imperative that this burning issue gets
utmost attention of the engineers and builders and is tackled effectively on ground.
To overcome the same, we (Green Army) are Water Proofing Company engaged in providing
water proofing services to our customers at cost-effective prices from a period of ten years.These
services are provided to the clients for protecting their building from any leakage. Leveraging over
the skills of our qualified team of professionals, we deliver best quality service to our clients.
Modern equipment is used by our team members for rendering these quality services. This helps
in attaining maximum satisfaction of the esteemed customers.

22. 22
Overview:
• Multiple solutions for every problem: We have a full line of interior and exterior methods
that enable us to select the most practical and permanent solution for your unique situation.
We don’t believe in offering a one-size-fits-all solution.
• Reliable and professional service: We show up for our appointments as scheduled; our
estimates and installations run 98% on time. Our workers are also directly rewarded for
continually improving quality and safety.
• Unmatched experience: Collectively, our Management team has over a decade of
experience. Our Basement Advisors and labours average more than 10 years of experience.
• Standing behind our work: A warranty is only as good as the company that stands behind
it. Our written, transferable warranty is backed by a separate and specialized staff dedicated
to seeing your problem through to its resolution.
Industry And Market Position :
The growth of the waterproofing industry is driven by its increasing applications in various
end-use industries like construction. The rising construction activities, due to growing
population in China and other developing countries, have provided an added impetus to the
global waterproofing market. Mining, and water and waste management industries are other
end-use sectors driving the industry growth along with a rising overall demand for
waterproofing
Waterproofing is done on a building or any other infrastructure to prevent water from entering
the structure and causing damage. It creates an impervious barrier protecting the structure from
water seepage and leakages during weather conditions like rains. By making the surfaces of
the building like roofs, walls, foundation surfaces and other parts integral in maintaining the
structural integrity of the building, waterproof, the process prevents buildings from water
damage and increases their life. Waterproofing also ensures that the structure is protected from
any chemical damage and corrosion is like green army solution

23. 23
Service provided:
Green Army Construction Solution mostly provides its customers with a full range of services
are:
1. Architectural & Civil Engineering
• Roof Waterproofing Services
• Basement Waterproofing Services
• Crystalline Waterproofing Services
• Bituminous Waterproofing Services
• Damp-proofing
• Membrane Waterproofing Services
• Cool coating Services
2. Building and Flooring
• Bathroom Waterproofing Services
• Swimming Pool Waterproofing Services
• Water Tanks Waterproofing Services
• Exterior Wall Waterproofing Services
• Floor Waterproofing Services
3. Building & Real Estate Developers
• Toilet Waterproofing Services
• Cementicious Waterproofing Services
• Injection Waterproofing Services
• Joints Waterproofing Services
• Polymer Waterproofing Services

24. 24
4. Metal Finishing & Coating
Chemical Base Waterproofing Services
5. Other Services like
• Rain Water Harvesting System Installation
• Civil Contracts
• Interior Designing
• ACP and glass cladding
• Carpentry work
• Commercial Buildings
• Aluminium Partitioner
• Exterior and interior Painting
• Rain Water Gardening
• Housing Projects
• RO & UV water purification and softener system
Challenges :
Green Army solution faces waterproofing challenges is that there are many more waterproofing
issues to worry about for a building than a home. As a building owner, you have greater
responsibility to ensure tenants are safe from flooding and other disasters. Another huge challenge
buildings face is that up to 80 percent of a building's damage can result from water leaks and
moisture.
• Improper Waterproofing
Building damage can be caused by improper construction or waterproofing methods. Local
building codes have dramatically changed over time, as many older buildings were not constructed
with sustainability or waterproofing in mind. The choice of waterproofing method depends on the
type of structure.

25. 25
The two main types of below-grade waterproofing solutions are the positive side and the negative
side. With positive side waterproofing, the solution is applied outdoors directly to the structure
surface that comes into contact with moisture. Negative side waterproofing, by contrast, is for
existing interior construction like walls and basements. Blindside waterproofing is used when there
are space limitations.
• Lack of Maintenance and Expertise
When a structure is not maintained well over time, it can become vulnerable to environmental
elements and degrade more quickly. A basement is particularly vulnerable to flooding if
preparations are not made. For a basement, you'll need a below-grade waterproofing solution.
It's crucial to get your waterproofing done by an experienced contractor rather than a handyman
trying to make a little extra money. Improper maintenance or waterproofing can lead to bigger and
more expensive problems in the future. So try to resist the friendly neighbore or employee who
offers to help but isn't knowledgeable of all the proper steps to take. Another way buildings end
up with poor waterproofing is when a building manager contracts with an incompetent contractor
that isn't familiar with any modern waterproofing solutions.
To avoid severe water damage, it's imperative to conduct building inspections regularly to look for
developing leaks. Resolving leaks early is the key to mitigating massive damage from moisture.
That means inspecting drains, plumbing, and irrigation regularly is crucial. Professional inspectors
will also make sure window and door seals are maintained.
• Dealing with High-rise Ceilings and Walls
Many high-rise buildings, such as apartment complexes, have a buildup of water seepage if they
are not maintained properly. You can areas of moisture on interior walls and water dripping in the
basement. When you see these conditions, it's a sign the building owner isn't aware of proper
waterproofing. For sunken bathrooms, improper waterproofing can mean removing the tiles so the
surface can be cleaned with a mechanical grinder.
Roofs and terraces on high-rise buildings often require modern chemicals and polymers for
sufficient strong waterproofing. Any surface cracks should be repaired with an acrylic, epoxy, or
polymer sealant and coated with protective plaster.

26. 26
Innovation Added to Services:
• .Nanotechnology in Waterproofing
There has been a rise in nanotechnology research in recent years, and nanotechnology is now used
in many aspects of daily life. One of the most well-known applications of nanotechnology in
modern life is the use of ceramic coating for waterproofing. Water, oil, dirt, and other dry particles
are repelled by nanocoating, which are surface layers that are hydrophobic (water repellent) and
oleophobic (oil repellent). Dry surface applications make use of superhydrophobic coatings.
Objects can be coated with a high hydrophobicity eco-friendly nano coating to make them
permanently watertight. The item resists oxidation, corrosion, ice, UV rays, high temperatures, and
chemical substances has UV resistance. It can be applied to a variety of surfaces and self-cleans
when it rains. The color of the surface are applied to remains unchanged when nano coating.
The nanotechnologists at Nanex are now using natural inspiration to develop a new waterproofing
covering. Nanex took inspiration for its covering from the qualities of the lotus plant. Lotus plants
are able to grow in muddy, semi-aquatic settings because their leaves are water-repellent and have
surfaces that naturally clean themselves. A water droplet that lands on a lotus leaf forms a nearly.
A self-cleaning surface is created as the water rolls down the leaf, picking up and carrying away
any debris or dust. The lotus leaf functions similarly to how Nanex coatings do. Every fiber of the
original fabric is coated, and the coating creates nanostructures on the fabric's surface. Because the
attractive interactions between the water molecules are greater than the attractive forces between
the surface and the water when water falls on the surface, air is trapped by the nanostructures, and
a droplet develops that slides off the surface, carrying any dirt that is present.
• crystalline waterproofing
The most popular building and construction material - concrete, absorbs water and frequently
sustains damage and deterioration. Concrete is porous because during its creation, small pores and
capillaries were formed. Concrete is water permeable because of its porosity. By forming their
own waterproofing barrier, crystalline waterproofing chemicals stop water from moving through
concrete. In this approach, chemicals improve the resilience and longevity of traditional concrete

27. 27
Each liquid that comes into touch with a surface creates a contact angle between the surface and
the edge of the liquid drop. Any surface should have a higher contact angle or one that is extremely
high to be super-hydrophobic. A surface without any hydrophobic characteristics typically has a
contact angle with water of less than 80 degrees. A super-hydrophobic surface, on the other hand,
provides a contact angle with water of at least 150 degrees. Surface tension exists on liquids while
surface energy exists on all surfaces. When surface tension is greater than surface energy, liquids
can permeate any surface. A surface becomes hydrophobic when it has low surface energy and
good micro roughness. Lotus leaf is thought to have a super-hydrophobic.
• self-healing, water-repellant, spray coating
The University of Michigan created a self-healing, water-repellent, spray-on coating that is
hundreds of times more durable than comparable products. It might make it possible to waterproof
clothes, rooftops, cars, and numerous other surfaces that are currently too delicate for
waterproofing techniques. Moreover, it might lessen the resistance of ship hulls, which would
minimize the fuel consumption of the enormous ships that transport 90% of the world's cargo.
The new mixture, according to the inventors, is a breakthrough in a field where decades of study
have failed to yield a long-lasting coating. Although there are water-repellent coatings currently,
they are frequently too weak for uses like clothes or ship hulls. This finding modifies that.
Fluorinated polyurethane elastomer and the specific water-repellent molecule "F-POSS" are
combined to create the coating. It has a slightly rubbery texture that makes it more robust than its.
During and after construction, as well as being strong and durable for the duration of the structure,
an effective waterproofing system is required. A waterproofing system's premature failure can be
disastrous and expensive. The best waterproofing combines a high-quality product with a skilled
installation team, which is now difficult to find in rural areas and is a matter for concern. Thus, it
is crucial to stay informed about the developments happening throughout the world.
Services offered by company :
• At the time of construction
• At the time of leakages or repair and

28. 28
• At the renovation
1.Terrace Waterproofing
Your terraces and roofs form the main structure for protection. Normal roofs can easily get
damaged if not coated with a waterproof layer. Your walls and your entire home can suffer from
leakage, cracks, and also imbalanced temperatures. Waterproofing for terraces is the simple
solution to all these problems in the long term. Get customized waterproofing services in
Bangalore according to your budget and demand.
2.Wet Area Waterproofing
Wet areas are always critical locations for seepage problems. There may be several weak spots
such as wall joints, and faulty piping that corrode are often the point of leakage. The moisture
spreads through the floor and walls causing extensive damage.
3.Wall Waterproofing
Noticing damp patches and fungal growths on your walls during the monsoon? Waterproofing
your interior and exterior walls ensures that your walls remain beautiful across seasons. Get
professional waterproofing near me to avoid leakage, cracks, and fungal growths caused due to
pressure and humidity.
4. Roof Waterproofing
The roof is another area where dampness and water leakage are high. We advise that you should
opt for roof waterproofing in Bangalore from experts to get the best results.
4. External Waterproofing
Exterior walls are subject to constant exposure to sun and rain which impact their durability as a
result of which several cracks develop. To solve this problem we provide high-performance
waterproofing solutions for your building exteriors.
5. Bathroom Waterproofing
What if there are cracks and fungus on your bathroom floors and walls due to high humidity?
Bathroom waterproofing is the best way to avoid such problems to have a clean and beautiful
bathroom. Get smart waterproofing near me today.
6. Basement Waterproofing
Waterproofing the basement is also very important to avoid cracks and rots in your basement
caused due to seepage and groundwater.

29. 29
Types Of Waterproof Services :
• Cement Waterproofing
• Liquid Waterproofing
• Bituminous Membrane Waterproofing
• Polyurethane Waterproofing
Company Brands :
This brand is versatile for producing chemicals that prevent water leakage and are non-flammable
and economical. They manufacture chemicals that are easy to apply, effective, and lasts for a long
time. As the chemicals have adequate thickness and hardening capacity, the chemicals do not allow
water or vapor to transmit through the walls. It also helps in resisting the attacks of chloride and
sulfate and adheres to the concrete well.
1.Abro Waterproofing
Abro Waterproofing the Abro chemicals preventing leakage are ideal for repairing slopes, terraces,
roofs, toilets, and other concrete walls. They have good bonding properties and can endure UV
rays. Besides being eco-friendly, you can also use these chemicals to fill cracks. They are acrylic
modifiers for mortars and concrete. Apart from reducing the permeability of water into concrete,
the chemicals from Abro also decrease the shrinkage and crack development tendencies in mortar.
2.Berger Waterproofing
Berger Waterproofing Berger chemicals preventing leakage provide a remarkable resistance
against the ingression of water. They also have a strong adhesion towards masonry walls. Besides
providing efficient protection from water, the chemical has proper breathability and can be used
as a primer once diluted. Moreover, the chemicals for preventing water leakage from this company
provide microbial resistance, have a proper solar reflective index, and endure proper heat. The
chemical gives a seamless liquid resistance surface for a long time without much worry.

30. 30
3.Fosroc Chemicals Waterproofing
Fosroc Chemicals Waterproofing these chemicals are compatible with all types of cement and have
a high adhesion. Besides being cost-effective, they are simple to use and effectively improve the
surface applied to. You can also repair worn-out walls and surfaces with this chemical besides
mending large cracks. They are also best for use in slurries and waterproof plasters. You can get
them in various volumes also. Apart from that, you can use some of them as primers too.
4.Ardex Endura Waterproofing
Ardex Endura Waterproofing besides being a high water-resistant chemical, the Ardex Endura is
ideal for grouting ceramic tiles. Their chemicals are ideal for exterior as well as interior use. Apart
from high elasticity, these chemicals have excellent bonding capacity and low water permeability.
Once the chemical hardens, it becomes an elastic surface that is non-toxic. They also adhere well
to concrete surfaces. Polyvinyl chloride, EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) tar paper
with asphalt, Hypalon, and bituminous materials are the different types of materials that are used
in producing chemicals preventing leakage. One important aspect of leakage resistance is also
damp proofing. This includes the construction of a wall that can prevent all those damages. You
can get this type of surface from liquid coatings, sealants, plasters, primers, and even grouting.
Previously, HDPE or high-density polythene and PVC or polyvinyl chloride were used. However,
they had limitations. Now the polymer-based materials don’t have such and provide seamless
prevention from liquid and moisture.
Customer Analysis :
• The standard syndicate report is designed to serve the common interests of Waterproofing
Market players across the value chain, and include selective data and analysis from entire
research findings as per the scope and price of the publication
• However, to precisely match the specific research requirements of individual clients, the
publisher offers several customization options to include the data and analysis of interest in the
final deliverable

31. 31
Some of the customization requests are as mentioned below:
• Segmentation of choice - Clients can seek customization to modify/add a market division for
types/applications/end-uses/processes of their choice
• Waterproofing Pricing and Margins Across the Supply Chain, Waterproofing Price
Analysis/International Trade Data/Import-Export Analysis, Supply Chain Analysis, Supply -
Demand Gap Analysis, PESTLE Analysis, Macro-Economic Analysis, and other
Waterproofing market analytics
• Processing and manufacturing requirements, Patent Analysis, Technology Trends, and Product
Innovations
• Capital Requirements, Income Projections, Profit Forecasts, and other parameters to prepare a
detailed project report to present to Banks/Investment Agencies
• Customization of up to 10% of the content can be done without any additional charges
Competitors :
The Competitive Scenario provides an outlook analysis of the various business growth
strategies adopted by the vendors. The news covered in this section deliver valuable thoughts
at the different stage while keeping up-to-date with the business and engage stakeholders in
the economic debate. The competitive scenario represents press releases or news of the
companies categorized into Merger & Acquisition, Agreement, Collaboration, & Partnership,
New Product Launch & Enhancement, Investment & Funding, and Award, Recognition, &
Expansion. All the news collected help vendor to understand the gaps in the marketplace and
competitor’s strength and weakness thereby, providing insights to enhance product and
service.
• Expenditure
Waterproofing Solutions Market size is forecast to reach $42 billion by 2025, after growing at a
CAGR of 7.2% during 2020-2025, owning to increasing government investments on infrastructure
developments in the Asia Pacific, particularly in India, China, and Indonesia and increasing usage

32. 32
of waterproofing solutions in the mining industry. In addition, increasing waste & water
management activities in these countries have also triggered the demand for waterproofing
globally. Waterproofing solutions ensures longer durability of structure, hence reduces
maintenance cost. Water damage can lead to corrosion of metals, electrical hazards, rotting of
timber structures and finishes, plasterboard swelling, and growth of fungus which may lead to
health hazards. Therefore, in order to reduce these risks waterproofing usage is increasing.
Key Takeaways
• Increased construction costs, coupled with rising raw materials and labor costs, have led to the
implementation of integral waterproofing agents and solutions for quality building practices.
• Cement-based structures experience immense damping and erosion due to frequent climate
change, which reduces the shelf life of residential and commercial buildings. This makes
waterproofing solutions a necessity as it gives a longer life to the structure.
• In addition, growing applications in water management, geomembranes, and tunnel liners are
expected to drive the waterproofing solutions market.
Raw Material - Segment Analysis :
Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) held the largest share in the waterproofing solutions market in
2019, as they are highly resistant to moisture and flame, with good flexibility. TPO membranes
contain no toxic or hazardous ingredients and are fully recyclable. The Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
roofing solution is also growing at a faster rate during the forecast period, due to a variety of
standout characteristics, such as, durability in harsh weather and temperature extremes, energy
efficiency, flame resistance, water repellants, heat and solar reflectance, and others
Application - Segment Analysis :
Roofing and walls segment held the largest share in the waterproofing solutions market in 2019
and is growing at a CAGR of 8.3% Leakage in buildings, especially roofs and walls has been a
major concern worldwide for years. Water-ponding or the stagnation of water due to rainfall on
roofs, and wall causes deterioration of concrete materials, which leads to wreck roof which may
cause the entire building to wreck. Thus, in order to avoid such risks waterproofing solutions are

33. 33
widely used in roofs and walls. The usage of waterproofing solutions offers several benefits, such
as superior fire and wind resistance, very high tensile strength, and waterproofing characteristics.
Geography - Segment Analysis :
Asia Pacific held the largest share in the waterproofing solutions market in 2019 up to 37%,
owning to increasing government investments on infrastructure developments primarily in
countries such as China, Indonesia, India, and Malaysia. The growth in infrastructure projects is
mainly due to an expanding population, resulting in the need for more residential and commercial
buildings for various purposes. Construction projects such as ‘100 smart cities’ and ‘Housing for
All by 2022’ in India are influencing waterproofing solutions demand. In addition, in 2019, China
government invested 1.9 billion on 13 public housing projects. Therefore, rising construction in
these countries are driving waterproofing solutions market growth in Asia Pacific region.
Drivers – Waterproofing Solutions Market
• Increasing demand for waterproofing solutions in mining applications.
Waterproofing solutions are suitable for mining applications due to their strong durability in
exhaustive climates. The key applications of waterproofing solutions in mining industry is to
prevent mine explosives and fuse, damaging from exposure to elements such as water and
moisture. Waterproofing solutions are important for electrical substations in underground mines
as it keep electrical equipment dry and free of corrosion. Waterproofing solutions are used in
structures such as tunnels, mine shaft linings and dam walls. According to International Energy
Agency (IEA), international coal trade grew by 4% in 2018, surpassing 1.4 billion tonnes. In
addition, trade of other metals such as gold, aluminum, copper and iron ore are also increasing.
Therefore, the growth in mining industry is supporting waterproofing solutions market growth,
Booming construction industry in developing nations.
Construction is a high-risk industry that includes a wide range of activities, from infrastructure
development to renovation that includes residential construction, bridge construction, road paving,
and large-scale re-roofing jobs. The increase in these construction activities is creating additional
demand in emerging economies such as China, India, and Japan for waterproofing solutions. Since

34. 34
the building & construction industry is stagnant in developed regions, waterproofing solutions are
mostly required in these regions for applications related to repairs. However, the demand for
waterproofing solutions is increasing in developing regions, with modern construction projects
coming in.
Challenges – Waterproofing Solutions Market
• Fluctuating raw materials price : Price and availability of raw materials are major factors that
affect the price of the end products. The major challenge for the global waterproofing solutions
market is the oscillating price trends of raw materials, which are fluctuating due to volatile
energy prices, as most of the raw materials are petroleum-based. According to BP statistics, in
2018, average oil price increased to $71/ bbl from $54/bbl in 2017. Therefore, the fluctuation
in oil prices are negatively affecting waterproofing solutions market growth. In addition, while
applying waterproofing solutions such as the bitumen based membranes, workers can be
exposed to volatile fumes. Extended exposure to these fumes may lead to health issues such as
nasal irritation, bronchitis. Therefore, this factor may also affect waterproofing solutions
market growth.
• Market Landscape : Technology launches, acquisitions and R&D activities are key strategies
adopted by players in the Waterproofing Solutions Market. In 2019, the market of
Waterproofing Solutions Market has been consolidated by the top five players accounting for
xx% of the share. Major players in the Waterproofing Solutions market are Sika AG, BASF
SE, Carlisle Cos. Inc., RPM International Inc., GCP Applied Technologies Inc, Firestone
Building Products Company, LLC, Soprema Group, The Dow Chemical Company, GAF
Materials Corporation, among others.
Acquisitions/Technology Launches
• In April 2018, BASF launched “XolutecTM” waterproofing solution for wastewater treatment
plants and harsh chemical environments.
• In July 2015, BASF launched “MasterPel 777” a waterproofing solution for concrete
protection.

35. 35
CHAPTER 4
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE / DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE.
Established in the year 1996 , Green Army in Rajarajeshwari nagar , bangalore is a top player
in the category waterproofing contractors . This is a well-unkown establishment acts as a one-
stop destination servicing customers both local and from other parts of it. Over the course of
its journey, this business has established a firm foothold in its industry. The belief that customer
satisfaction is an important as their products an services, have helped this establishment garner
a vast base of customers which continues to grow by the day. This business employs individuals
that are dedicated towards their respective roles and put in a lot of effort to archive the common
vision and larger goals of the company . in the near future this business aims to expand its line
of products an services and cater to a larger client base .It is an effortless task in commuting
to this establishment as there are various modes of transport readily available .
Deterioration of structures due to seepage and leakage is a major problem prevalent
throughout the country. Dampness in buildings caused by the ingress of moisture through its
components not only shortens its life span but also creates in hygienic conditions for the
occupants. Besides, it involves expensive repairs for rectification. Thus, it is imperative that
this burning issue gets utmost attention of the engineers and builders and is tackled effectively
on ground. Hence, the age-old dictum of “Prevention is better than cure” aptly applies here.
The need of the hour, therefore, is to evolve economical solution to this vexed problem
To overcome the same, we (Green Army) are Water Proofing Company engaged in providing
water proofing services to our customers at cost-effective prices from a period of ten
years.These services are provided to the clients for protecting their building from any leakage.
Leveraging over the skills of our qualified team of professionals, we deliver best quality service
to our clients. Modern equipment is used by our team members for rendering these quality
services. This helps in attaining maximum satisfaction of the esteemed customers.

36. 36
• Vision : To create a value and become a leader in the consumer durable industry whilst
focusing on customer satisfaction by offering a wide variety of products from the best brands.
To become the most trusted and sought-after destination for kitchen chimneys and hobs,
providing customers with cutting-edge technology and exceptional service. To be the most
Trusted, Respected and Preferred brand, and most importantly to become role model to
others.
• Mission : Strive to make a one stop shop with the best brands through efficient, effective and
improve kitchen aesthetics, and maintain a healthy cooking environment, and good customer
experience that goes beyond satisfaction. To create the best place to work where employees
are empowered, cared, developed and provided unlimited opportunities.
• Values : Values are the set of guiding principles and fundamental beliefs that help a group of
people together as a team and work towards a common business goal. These values are often
related to business relationships, customer relationships, and company growth.
Organizational Structure

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CHAPTER 5
SWOC ANYLISIS.
An organizations SWOC, or strengths, weakness, opportunities, and challenges can be assessed
using SWOC analysis , a strategic planning technique. An illustration of a SWOC study for Green
army construction solution shown below:
Strengths:
1. Dynamic :
The interesting things about companys that you won’t see them building one type of houses,
companies, industries, and roads; neither would you see the same type of construction. The art and
construction design of every house, building, mall, road, or company is different. It is because the
construction companies keep on working different types of projects.
2. Efficient :
Efficiency matters a lot in this industry. If the company and its workers are less efficient, then it
would increase the expense level. In simple words, less efficient means more expense that would
result in less profit and increasing cost.
Time and efficiency are interdependent variable factors because construction has to complete the
project on a specific date. If the workers aren’t efficient, then it would not only increase cost and
expense, but it would also make it difficult to meet the deadlines.
3. Follow Deadlines :
The timing and deadlines of the projects are very important. It doesn’t mean that you have to
compromise on the quality and safety of the work. It means that you would follow all the standard
operating procedures (SOPs) and finish the project on time.

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For instance, if you’re unable to meet the client’s deadlines, then it would result in the loss of a
current client, increasing cost, and ill reputation to the company. The bad reputation would make
it very difficult for the company to attract the next client.
4. Well-experience Management :
The Company is one of those companies where your management skills are tested. How efficiently
you allocate resources among workers, and assign them different tasks based on their capabilities
to get the work done.
That’s why well-established companies pay significantly well to their project managers because
they help them to finish projects on time and win new clients. Poor management means wastage
of human capital and material resources, and failure to the company.
5. Variety of Projects :
Some industries specialize only in one type of niche or category. In the construction industry, all
the projects are different. The skill and construction material remains the same, but the design,
architect, and planning of every project is different.
6. Doesn’t Go Down Easily :
Since company partner up with other companies. What if the other company goes down, then it
won’t go down along with it. It is because construction companies require clients, and there are
always clients out there who want construction companies to finish their projects.
If they run into losses on one project because of some other company, but the construction
company can easily come back in the next project if it performs well and efficiently uses its
resources.
Weaknesses :
Some of the weakness of the companies are as follows :
Some companies rely only on one type of client if they keep on doing it. Then it would be the
death of their business. Therefore, it is necessary that you should expand your horizon and work
with various types of clients. You would not only gain experience through this. If one industry

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runs out of business, then you can work with other clients and businesses since you already have
experience in it as well.
2..Limited New Projects:
company is focusing only on the building of houses, then there’s a limit to it. Soon the market
will be flooded with competition and the new project would become extinct. Your company can’t
afford to sit around and wait for the relevant clients to give you the business. Therefore, you must
learn to adopt new trends and work with new clients and businesses.
3.Costly Poor Decision:
If the project managers don’t have sufficient experience and skill set, then they would make poor
decisions. That would result in wastage of resources of capital and resources. Therefore, it is
important that you should carefully recruit project managers who would make smart decisions.
Some companies only rely on the experience of project managers, if they aren’t experienced, then
they won’t promote them. They completely avoid the expertise and skillset of people, and they
don’t get a promotion at the end of the day. It’s necessary that they should keep in mind the
expertise, skill, and experience.
Opportunities:
Some of the opportunities that the companies should use to overcome weaknesses and are as
follow;
1.Separate Staff for New Clients:
The construction companies should have a separate marketing department that is always working
to find new clients. Instead, they shouldn’t overburden the admin staff with marketing and clients’
duties. If they do, the admin staff won’t perform either of their duties effectively.
2.Notice Trends:
The best way to get work is to adopt changes and follow the trends. For instance, if you see people
moving out to new places and building some new kinds of the architect. Then you should jump in
and offer your services. If you see expansion in your region, then it’s also a great opportunity to
find new clients.

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3.Smart Houses:
Technology has brought many new changes almost in every field. Now, people want smart houses
fully equipped with tech gadgets and the internet of things (IoT). If your company and staff don’t
learn to deal with new changes and technology, then you won’t get new clients.
4.Economic Recession:
Companies run their business operation within the country’s economy, and companies don’t have
any control over their country’s economy. If the economy of the country is in recession and
investment in the business is getting lower. Consequently, people and businesses would stop all of
their investment plans. Such factors are out of the reach of the construction companies.
Economic recession changes the attitude of the people, and they would become towards spending
their money because of the uncertain economy. Perhaps they won’t find work for the next month,
and they may need the money to live. When spending is lower, then businesses would start shutting
down and so are the companies as well.
Challenges:
• Competition: There is strong competition in the home appliance store business, which many
retail chains and online stores are offering for customers. This can make it difficult to attract
and retain customers.
• Regulation and compliance: Stricter environment regulations may require changes in
manufacturing processes.
• Economic downturn: Economic recessions and slowdowns can cause consumers to cut back
on spending, which can hurt sales for home appliances stores.
• Changing consumer preferences: Consumers may shift towards purchasing online or
preferring certain brand over others, which may affect in sales and inventory management.

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CHAPTER 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Explore career alternatives prior to graduation.
• Integrate theory and practice.
• Assess interests and abilities in their field of study.
• Learn to appreciate work and its function in the economy.
• Develop work habits and attitudes necessary for job success.
• Develop communication, interpersonal and other critical skills in the job interview process.
• Build a record of work experience.
• Acquire employment contacts leading directly to a full-time job following graduation from
college.
• Identify, write down, and carry out performance objectives (mutually agreed upon by the
employer, the MCC experiential learning supervisor, and the student) related to their job
assignment.
1.Understanding workplace culture :
Culture influences communication, and as an international student, I learned that every company
or organisation has its own culture. It’s essential to observe others and learn how they engage and
interact with co-workers, or help them with projects and tasks. I quickly learned that whenever
something is unclear for me, or I don’t understand, it’s fine to ask for clarification.
2. Enthusiasm is invaluable :
As an intern, I discovered it’s essential to be enthusiastic and open to learning new skills, asking
for more work and being curious to learn and ask questions. This attitude will show that you enjoy
being part of the team and that you're keen to help. Having curiosity and enthusiasm also means
that, as an intern, you get a lot out of what you’re doing, which opens lots of opportunities.

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3. Keeping a journal is great for personal growth :
During my internship, I had a journal and took notes every day about new things I learned,
feedback I was given by my manager, strengths and weaknesses I noticed, and things I wanted to
research and learn more about. This helped me understand myself more and identify the areas that
I needed to improve in.
4. How important good communication is :
Communication is the key to success in a professional environment. I learned that it’s important
to communicate with my manager via phone, email or SMS if I have questions or if I don’t know
how to work on a task. Asking for help and clarification is better than pretending you’ve
understood what you need to do, no matter what. However, I also found that if you can Google
something, then do. Avoiding asking questions if you can find answers elsewhere is part of being
a good communicator – keep in mind that everyone’s time is valuable. As an intern, good
communication will help with productivity, efficiency, engagement and growth.

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CHAPTER 7
CONCLUSION
During my internship with the company, I learned specific skills I was able to put these skills in
practice in accountant session in Green army construction sloution. The work was challenging,
and I learned about the work and gained more confidence in myself. It was a valuable experience.
There is no denying the value of timing, as internships are often scheduled concurrent with college
enrollment. graduation — but these still provide the chance to quickly apply new information
before theoretical knowledge has a chance to fade. From verbal communication to problem-solving
and even empathy, a variety of transferrable or soft skills can quickly developed through my
internship program. I had the opportunity to flex these qualities through college coursework, but
they will look a lot different as you transition to the world of work. As an intern, I have numerous
opportunities to practice soft skills in a completely different setting. l learnt the subtle differences
between academic and business communication — and I will quickly discover which skills I still
need to develop.Few networking opportunities are as powerful as internships, which introduce me
to professionals at all levels and from numerous departments or niches. The relationships I
cultivate during my internship could prove vital as you seek references or leads for the best job
opportunities.
If possible, try to find a mentor during my internship. This helpful professional can provide
valuable feedback not only during your internship, but also as you make the transition into
conventional, full-time employment.
My internships capture an intangible aspect of higher learning that is often lacking in classrooms
and textbooks: the value of real-world experience. While this can be conveyed, to some extent,
with class projects, case studies, and clinical observation, nothing quite compares to the experience
of being immersed in a fast-paced work environment.

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