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1. PHYSICS
PROJECT

2. NEWTON’S LAWS OF
MOTION
NAME - PALAK YADAV
CLASS - 9 D
ROLL NO. - 18

3. INTRODUCTION
• Force- A push or a pull on an object that changes or tends to
change the state of an object is called force.
• Balanced Force- If sum of all the forces (or the resultant/
net force) is zero, then forces are said to be balanced.
• Unbalanced Force- If sum of all the forces (the resultant/
net force) is not equal to zero, then the forces are said to be
unbalanced.

4. Balanced
Force
Unbalanced
Force

5. FIRST LAW OF MOTION
• Newton’s first law of motion states that an object remains in a
state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon
by an external unbalanced force.
• This natural tendency of an object to resist a change in their state of
rest or of uniform motion is called Inertia.
• The mass of an object is a measure of its inertia. Its SI unit is kg.
• If there is no net force resulting from the forces acting on the object,
the object will maintain a constant velocity. If that velocity is zero,
then the object remains at rest. And if an external unbalanced force
is applied, the velocity will change due to the force.

6. FIRST LAW OF MOTION

7. TYPES OF INERTIA
• Inertia Of Rest- The tendency of an object to resist a
change in their state of rest is called inertia of rest.
• Inertia Of Motion- It is the inability of an object (or
body) to resist the change in its state of motion on its
own.
• Inertia Of Direction- It is the inability of an object (or
body) to resist the change in its direction of motion on
its own.

8. SECOND LAW OF MOTION
• The momentum of an object is the product of its mass and
velocity and has the same direction as that of the velocity.
∙ Momentum, p= mv [SI unit is kg m/s]
• Newton’s second law of motion states that the rate of change
of momentum of an object is proportional to the applied
unbalanced force in the direction of the force.

9. MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION OF 2ND LAW
• From 2nd law, Force- F ∝
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
F ∝
𝑃2
−𝑃1
𝑡
F ∝
𝑚𝑣−𝑚𝑢
𝑡
F ∝
𝑚(𝑣−𝑢)
𝑡
F ∝ ma ( ∵ a=
𝑣−𝑢
𝑡
)
F = kma
• In the equation, k is the constant of proportionality. If the acceleration 1m/s2
produced in a body of mass 1 kg then the force acting on it is 1N, then k = 1
∴ F = ma

10. SECOND LAW OF MOTION

11. THIRD LAW OF MOTION
• Newton’s third law of motion states that to every
action, there is an equal and opposite reaction and they
act on two different bodies.
• ‘‘Action- Reaction’’ are the forces that always occur in
pairs.
• The action and reaction forces exist at the same time.

12. THIRD LAW OF MOTION

13. THANK YOU!
- THE END -