This document discusses secure and practical outsourcing of linear programming in cloud computing. It introduces cloud computing and explains why security is important in the cloud. Linear programming is described as a technique for optimizing allocation of resources that is well-suited for the cloud. The document outlines deployment models, service models, and reasons why cloud computing benefits small businesses, including economies of scale, functionality, and security. Risks to cloud security from data breaches, hijacking, and malicious insiders are also summarized.

1. SECURE AND PRACTICAL
OUTSOURCING OF LINEAR
PROGRAMMING IN CLOUD COMPUTING

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING ?
WHY WE NEED CLOUD
COMPUTING ?
WHAT IS SECURITY ?
WHY WE NEED SECURITY IN
CLOUD COMPUTING ?
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
WHY LINEAR PROGRAMMING IN
CLOUD COMPUTING ?
EXISTING SYSTEM
DISADVANTAGES
PROPOSED SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES
MECHANISM
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
IMPLEMENTATIONS
SAMPLE SCREENS

3. INTRODUCTION
✦Cloud computing enables customers with limited computational resources to
outsource their large computation workloads to the cloud, and economically
enjoy the massive computational power, bandwidth, storage, and even
appropriate software that can be shared in a pay-‐per-‐use manner.
✦Security is the primary obstacle that prevents the wide adoption of this
promising computing model, especially for customers when their confidential
data are consumed and produced during the computation.
✦Treating the cloud as an intrinsically insecure computing platform from the
viewpoint of the cloud customers.
✦The resulting flexibility allows us to explore appropriate security/efficiency trade off
via higher level abstraction of LP(Linear Programming) computations than the
general circuit representation.

4. WHAT IS CLOUD?
The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet.
In other words, we can say that Cloud is
something,
which is present at remote location.
Cloud can provide services over network, i.e.,
on public networks or on private networks, i.e.,
WAN, LAN and so on .
Applications such as e-mail, web conferencing,
customer relationship management (CRM),
all run in cloud.

5. WHAT IS CLOUD
COMPUTING?
Cloud Computing provides us a means
by which we can access the applications
as utilities, over the Internet. It allows us
to create, configure, and customize
applications online.
Cloud computing provides a variety of
computing resources , from servers and
storage to enterprise applications such as
email, security, backup/DR, voice, all
delivered over the Internet

6. The Cloud delivers a hosting environment that is
Flexible,
Immediate,
Scalable,
Secure.
Available while saving corporations money, time and
resources.
With Cloud Computing users can access database
resources via the internet from anywhere for as long
as they need without worrying about any
maintenance or management of actual resources.

7. BASIC CONCEPTS
There are certain services and models
working behind the scene making the
cloud computing feasible and accessible
to end users. Following are the working
models for cloud computing:
1. DEPLOYMENT MODELS
2. SERVICE MODELS

8. DEPLOYMENT MODELS
Deployment models define
the type of access to the
cloud, i.e., how the cloud is
located? Cloud can have
any of the four types of
access: Public, Private,
Hybrid and Community.

10. PUBLICCLOUD The Public Cloud allows systems and services to
be easily accessible to the general public. Public cloud may
be less secure because of its openness, e.g., e-mail.
PRIVATECLOUDThe Private Cloud allows systems and services
to be accessible within an organization. It offers increased
security because of its private nature.
COMMUNITYCLOUD The Community Cloud allows systems and
services to be accessible by group of organizations.
HYBRIDCLOUD The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and
private cloud. However, the critical activities are performed
using private cloud while the non-critical activities are
performed using public cloud.

11. SERVICE MODELS
Service Models are the reference
models on which the Cloud
Computing is based. These can be
categorized into three basic service
models as listed below:
1.Infrastructureasa Service(IaaS)
2. Platformasa Service(PaaS)
3. Softwareasa Service(SaaS)

12. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS is the delivery of technology infrastructure as
an on demand scalable service.
IaaS provides access to fundamental resources
such as physical machines, virtual machines,
virtual storage, etc.
• Usually billed based on usage
• Usually multi tenant virtualized environment
• Can be coupled with Managed Services for OS
and application support

13. IaaS Examples

14. Platformas a Service (PaaS)
PaaS provides the runtime environment for
applications, development & deployment tools,
etc.
PaaS provides all of the facilities required to
support the complete life cycle of building and
delivering web applications and services entirely
from the Internet.
Typically applications must be developed with a
particular platform in mind
• Multi tenant environments
• Highly scalable multi tier architecture

15. PaaS Examples

16. Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS model allows to use software
applications as a service to end users.
SaaS is a software delivery methodology
that provides licensed multi-tenant
access to software and its functions
remotely as a Web-based service.
Usually billed based on usage
• Usually multi tenant environment
• Highly scalable architecture

17. SaaS Examples

18. Simplifying CloudComputing
Complex processes are integrated into cloud.

19. LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Linear programming is a widely used mathematical modeling
technique to determine the optimum allocation of scarce
resources among competing demands. Resources typically
include raw materials, manpower, machinery, time, money and
space.
The technique is very powerful and found especially useful
because of its application to many different types of real business
problems in areas like finance, production, sales and distribution,
personnel, marketing and many more areas of management.
As its name implies, the linear programming model consists of
linear objectives and linear constraints, which means that the
variables in a model have a proportionate relationship. For
example, an increase in manpower resource will result in an
increase in work output.

20. WHY CLOUD COMPUTING ?
✦Cloud Computing is very much useful to a smaller
companies to generate similar savings and
capabilities on its own.
✦Many of the issues blamed on the cloud in large
enterprises - security, integration, compliance and
so on - often cause fewer problems in small
companies that can't properly deal with them
anyway.
MAIN REASONS WHY CLOUD COMPUTING IS BETTER FOR SMALL
BUSINESSES
ECONOMIES OF SCALE
ENTERPRISE CLASS FUNCTIONALITY
MONEY MATTERS
INFRASTRUCTURE APPLICATIONS
SECURITY PROBLEM
COMPLIANCE
RELIABILITY

21. 1.Economies of scale: This one's obvious. The larger
the company, the easier it can generate economies of
scale on its own. Small companies, by definition, have
more limited resources. Anything that can give them
access to scale in purchasing and pricing is a big win!
2.Enterprise-class functionality. Big companies have
the heft to create the custom functionality they need.
Small companies simply don't have the resources to do
that. In the cloud, though, they can leverage
development, maintenance and upgrades across many,
many small businesses... And, increasingly, consumers
as well.
3.Money Matters. Startups and small companies are
often under capitalized and pay-as-you-go cloud
computing solutions typically don't require lots of upfront
cash. Even if they don't end up saving much as the
monthly fees add up over the long run, avoiding capital
expenditures can be a make-or-break issue for cash-
strapped small businesses.
Reasons why cloudcomputing

22. 4.Infrastructure vs. Applications. For the enterprise, cloud
computing often means complex Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS) projects that have to be installed and integrated into a
company's existing systems. For smaller companies, cloud
computing often means complete cloud-based Software as a
Service (SaaS) applications and application suites. No IT
required.
5.Security Problems. I'm not saying security isn't important
to small businesses (though many don't take it as seriously
as they should). I'm saying that while security in the cloud
may still be shaky by enterprise standards, it's almost always
far better than what small businesses are able to provide for
themselves.

23. 6.Compliance. Because you don't necessarily know
where your data is stored in the cloud, IaaS can cause
confusion as to whether it complies with local, national
and international regulations. That's a huge issue for
multinational corporations, less so for most small
businesses.
7.Reliability. The cloud is more reliable than most
people think. When widely used cloud services and
applications have outages, it makes national news.
When an individual company - large or small - has a
similar problem, they work hard to make sure you never
even hear about it. The bottom line, though, is that even
accounting for network connectivity hiccups, the cloud
is probably a lot more reliable than what small
businesses can afford to provide for themselves.

24. WHAT IS SECURITY ?
Security is the degree of resistance to, or protection
from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable and
valuable asset, such as a person, community,
nation, or organisation.
✦Cryptography
✦Redundancy
✦Disposal
✦Transfer security
✦Firewalling
What exactly firewall does is:
It isolates the virtual machines . Brilliantly
filters addresses and ports
 Prevents Denial-of-Service (DoS)
Detects external security assessment
measures

25. Whysecurity is needin cloud computing?
"The Notorious Nine," the top nine cloud
computing threats has been identified by the
CSA (Cloud Security Alliance).The report reflects
the current consensus among industry experts
surveyed by CSA, focusing on threats specifically
related to the shared, on-demand nature of cloud
computing.
The top most threats to the cloud computing are :
✦Data Breaches
✦Data Loss
✦Account or Service Traffic Hijacking
✦Insecure Interfaces and APIs
✦Denial of service
✦Malicious insiders
✦Abuse,
✦Insufficient due diligence

26. Outsourcing computation to the commercial
public cloud is also depriving customers’ direct
control over the systems that consume and
produce their data during the computation, which
inevitably brings in new security concerns and
challenges towards this promising computing
model.Theoutsourced computation
workloads often contain sensitive
information, such as
✦The business financial records,
✦Proprietary research data,
✦Personally identifiable health information
etc.
EXISTING SYSTEM

27. ✦ End to end data confidentiality
✦unauthorised information leakage
✦sensitive data have to be encrypted before
outsourcing
How ever,Ordinary data encryption techniques in
essence prevent cloud from performing any meaningful
operation of the underlying plaintext data making the
computation over encrypted data a very hard problem.
There are huge financial incentives for the cloud to be
“lazy” if the customers cannot tell
✦The correctness of the output
✦Possible software bugs
✦Hardware failures,
even outsider attacks might also affect the quality of the
computed results.
DISADVANTAGES

28. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Our Linear Programming outsourcing
scheme which
provides a complete outsourcing solution for not
only the privacy protection of problem
input/output, but also its efficient result
checking. We start from a secure LP outsourcing
design framework.
ADVANTAGES
✦Optimal solution using LP problems.
✦Better security on both uploading and
downloading.
✦Integrating mathematical implementation
in encryption

29. Software and
Hardware Specifications
SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION:
Operating
System
: Windows XP,7,8
Software
Protocol
IDE
: JAVA(JDK 1.6.0)
: TCP/IP
: NetBeans,Xampp
12
HARDWARE SPECIFICATION:
Processor
Speed
RAM
Hard Disk
General
:Pentium-IV, dual core
:1.1GHz,3.4GHz
:512MB,1GB
:40GB,320GB
:Keyboard,Monitor,Mouse

30. Mechanism Design Framework
These four algorithms are summarised below :
•KeyGen(1k ) → {K }. This is a randomized key generation algorithm which takes a system security
parameter k, and returns a secret key K that is used later by customer to encrypt the target LP
problem.
• ProbEnc(K, Φ) → {ΦK }. This algorithm encrypts the input tuple Φinto ΦK with the secret key
K. According to problem transformation, the encrypted input ΦK has the same form as Φ, and thus
defines the problem to be solved in the cloud.
•ProofGen(ΦK ) → {(y, Γ)}. This algorithm augments a generic solver that solves the problem ΦK to
produce both the output y and a proof Γ. The output y later decrypts to x, and Γ is used later by the
customer to verify the correctness of y or x .
•Result Dec (K, Φ, y, Γ) → {x, ⊥}. This algorithm may choose to verify either y or x via the proof Γ. In
any case, a correct output x is produced by decrypting y using the secret K. The algorithm outputs ⊥
when the validation fails, indicating the cloud server was not performing the computation faithfully.

31. Finding File
Encrypt the
File
Send to Cloud
Server
Decrypt the File
Give Solution / Verification
key Response to Customer
Architecture of secure outsourcing linear programming problems
in Cloud Computing.

32. IMPLEMENTATION
✦ Finding File
✦Encrypt the File
✦Send to Cloud Server
✦Decrypt the File
✦Give Solution /
Verification key
✦Response to Customer

33. Finding File & Encrypt the File
★ADMIN LOGIN
★IMAGE
UPLOAD

34. Send to Cloud Server & Decrypt theFile
★CLIENT DETAILS
★FILE ENCRYPTION &
DECRYPTION

35. Give Solution / Verification key
Linear programming process where the
optimal solution gets solved and verified

36. ★USER LOGIN
★FILE SEARCH
Response toCustomer

37. ★IMAGE
SEARCHENGINE
★FILE DOWNLOAD

38. CONCLUSION
✦The problem of securely outsourcing LP computations in cloud computing,
and provide such a practical mechanism design which fulfils input/output
privacy, cheating resilience, and efficiency.
✦By explicitly decomposing LP computation outsourcing into public LP solvers
and private data, our mechanism design is able to explore appropriate
security/efficiency trade offs via higher level LP computation than the
general circuit representation.
✦This develops problem transformation techniques that enable customers to
secretly transform the original LP into some arbitrary one while protecting
sensitive input/ output information.

39. REFERENCES
http://www.chennaisunday.com/Java%202011%20Base%2
0Paper/Secure%20and%20Practical%20Outsourcing%20of%
20Linear%20Programming%20in%20Cloud%20Computing.p
df
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4p0vfMMst8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_programming
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=cloud+computing+wikip
edia&oq=cloud+computing+wkiped&gs_l=psy-
ab.3.0.0i13k1l3j0i22i30k1.293486.328770.0.331770.70.32.10
.0.0.0.459.5863.0j17j5j2j2.26.0....0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..36.34.5637...0j33i21k1j0i131i46k1j46i131k1j0i131k1j0i13i
30k1.cE7DXnpoX28
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4p0vfMMst8
http://www.cloudsecurityalliance.org

40. THANKYOU