The document describes a small neural network case study. It includes a diagram of the neural network showing 4 input nodes, 2 hidden nodes, and 1 output node. It also includes a data set with 10 data points consisting of 4 input features (x1, x2, x3, x4) and a target class value (Y). The data set contains training examples to learn the weights of the neural network to map the input features to the correct target class.