This post will give you a clear idea about different levels of Routing and switching certification in cisco. Also yoou will get to know about job roles, technology covered in the course and exams required to complete the certification.
Understanding IT Network Security for Wireless and Wired Measurement Applicat...cmstiernberg
The document discusses network security considerations for merging IT and engineering networks. It provides an overview of common network security technologies for wired and wireless networks, including firewalls, VLANs, QoS, 802.11i/WPA2 encryption and authentication for wireless, and 802.15.4 security incorporated in ZigBee networks. The document emphasizes that properly implementing these security standards is critical to realizing the benefits of convergence while managing risks to process control and measurement systems.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) was an early protocol for wireless network security. It aimed to provide confidentiality through encryption and integrity through a checksum. However, WEP had several flaws:
1. It reused encryption keys too frequently due to a small initialization vector space, allowing the same encryption to be used for multiple packets.
2. It used a weak integrity checksum that could be predicted, allowing packets to be modified without detection.
3. Its short secret key provided insufficient security against brute force attacks to recover keys from captured network traffic.
This document discusses cracking WEP secured wireless networks. It begins by explaining that WEP is an outdated protocol with known weaknesses that can be cracked within minutes using readily available software. It then provides details on WEP authentication methods and how the encryption works. The main weakness discussed is that the 24-bit initialization vector is not long enough to ensure uniqueness, allowing the key to be cracked. The document concludes by demonstrating how to enable monitor mode, attack a target network to capture packets, and use those packets to crack the WEP key in minutes using aircrack-ng software on BackTrack Linux. It advises moving to more secure WPA or WPA2 encryption.
Network performance testing for devices and systems can be a daunting task for vendors and end-users given the cost of test equipment and the investment that the companies have to spend in developing relevant tests and understanding the results. During the last couple years, a group of low cost computing systems have been introduced that are very capable from a functional point of view, but how well do they actually perform? Can they be used in a low-cost performance testing lab system to validate ICS devices before they go into production? Can end-users use them to capture live traffic in their network and get reliable performance results? This talk will discuss how and when different types of equipment can be used to develop a low-cost network performance testing lab. It will also show results from a series of performance tests conducted on some of the equipment and with different testing architectures.
Smart Instruments, Fieldbus, Ethernet and Wireless Living Online
This document discusses various digital technologies used in industrial instrumentation, including smart instruments, fieldbus standards, Ethernet, and industrial wireless networks. It provides information on different fieldbus protocols such as HART, Profibus, Foundation Fieldbus, and WirelessHART. The document also discusses how wireless sensor networks can help reduce installation costs compared to wired sensors. Finally, it touches on issues around integrating wireless sensor networks with existing industrial network architectures.
The document discusses security issues with wireless LANs and methods to improve security. It covers vulnerabilities in WEP encryption and authentication methods like open authentication and shared key authentication. It also introduces improved security standards like 802.1X authentication, TKIP encryption, and AES encryption to provide features like mutual authentication, dynamic keys, and message integrity checks. The conclusion recommends deploying as many security enhancements as possible for wireless LANs and understanding potential vulnerabilities when not all improvements can be implemented.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) allow private networks to be connected securely over the public Internet. VPNs use encryption and authentication to protect data as it travels between networks. There are two main types of VPNs - those that operate at the network level using IPSec, and those that operate at the transport level using SSL. VPNs provide cheaper and easier connections than dedicated private networks but are slower and less reliable than direct private network connections.
This post will give you a clear idea about different levels of Routing and switching certification in cisco. Also yoou will get to know about job roles, technology covered in the course and exams required to complete the certification.
Understanding IT Network Security for Wireless and Wired Measurement Applicat...cmstiernberg
The document discusses network security considerations for merging IT and engineering networks. It provides an overview of common network security technologies for wired and wireless networks, including firewalls, VLANs, QoS, 802.11i/WPA2 encryption and authentication for wireless, and 802.15.4 security incorporated in ZigBee networks. The document emphasizes that properly implementing these security standards is critical to realizing the benefits of convergence while managing risks to process control and measurement systems.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) was an early protocol for wireless network security. It aimed to provide confidentiality through encryption and integrity through a checksum. However, WEP had several flaws:
1. It reused encryption keys too frequently due to a small initialization vector space, allowing the same encryption to be used for multiple packets.
2. It used a weak integrity checksum that could be predicted, allowing packets to be modified without detection.
3. Its short secret key provided insufficient security against brute force attacks to recover keys from captured network traffic.
This document discusses cracking WEP secured wireless networks. It begins by explaining that WEP is an outdated protocol with known weaknesses that can be cracked within minutes using readily available software. It then provides details on WEP authentication methods and how the encryption works. The main weakness discussed is that the 24-bit initialization vector is not long enough to ensure uniqueness, allowing the key to be cracked. The document concludes by demonstrating how to enable monitor mode, attack a target network to capture packets, and use those packets to crack the WEP key in minutes using aircrack-ng software on BackTrack Linux. It advises moving to more secure WPA or WPA2 encryption.
Network performance testing for devices and systems can be a daunting task for vendors and end-users given the cost of test equipment and the investment that the companies have to spend in developing relevant tests and understanding the results. During the last couple years, a group of low cost computing systems have been introduced that are very capable from a functional point of view, but how well do they actually perform? Can they be used in a low-cost performance testing lab system to validate ICS devices before they go into production? Can end-users use them to capture live traffic in their network and get reliable performance results? This talk will discuss how and when different types of equipment can be used to develop a low-cost network performance testing lab. It will also show results from a series of performance tests conducted on some of the equipment and with different testing architectures.
Smart Instruments, Fieldbus, Ethernet and Wireless Living Online
This document discusses various digital technologies used in industrial instrumentation, including smart instruments, fieldbus standards, Ethernet, and industrial wireless networks. It provides information on different fieldbus protocols such as HART, Profibus, Foundation Fieldbus, and WirelessHART. The document also discusses how wireless sensor networks can help reduce installation costs compared to wired sensors. Finally, it touches on issues around integrating wireless sensor networks with existing industrial network architectures.
The document discusses security issues with wireless LANs and methods to improve security. It covers vulnerabilities in WEP encryption and authentication methods like open authentication and shared key authentication. It also introduces improved security standards like 802.1X authentication, TKIP encryption, and AES encryption to provide features like mutual authentication, dynamic keys, and message integrity checks. The conclusion recommends deploying as many security enhancements as possible for wireless LANs and understanding potential vulnerabilities when not all improvements can be implemented.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) allow private networks to be connected securely over the public Internet. VPNs use encryption and authentication to protect data as it travels between networks. There are two main types of VPNs - those that operate at the network level using IPSec, and those that operate at the transport level using SSL. VPNs provide cheaper and easier connections than dedicated private networks but are slower and less reliable than direct private network connections.
This document discusses the history and evolution of wireless networking standards, including early versions like ALOHAnet, as well as common wireless encryption protocols like WEP, WPA, and WPA2. It explains how each standard works on a technical level and its weaknesses, such as WEP having only 24-bit initialization vectors that could be exhausted in a few hours, making it trivial to crack. Later standards like WPA and WPA2 aimed to fix these issues through techniques like dynamic session keys and stronger encryption algorithms to provide more secure wireless networking.
CNIT 125 Ch 5 Communication & Network Security (part 2 of 2)Sam Bowne
For a college course at Coastline Community College taught by Sam Bowne. Details at https://samsclass.info/125/125_F17.shtml
Based on: "CISSP Study Guide, Third Edition"; by Eric Conrad, Seth Misenar, Joshua Feldman; ISBN-10: 0128024372
Presented @ ISA Process Control & Safety Symposium
October 8, 2014
Description of the Kenexis project to build a ICS performance and security lab-in-a-box. This talk accompanies a live demo of the lab equipment.
CNIT 123 8: Desktop and Server OS VulnerabilitiesSam Bowne
For a college class in Ethical Hacking and Network Defense at CCSF, by Sam Bowne. More info at https://samsclass.info/123/123_S18.shtml
Based on this book
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Third Edition by Michael T. Simpson, Kent Backman, and James Corley -- ISBN: 9781285454610
This document discusses the history and types of wireless networks, including WLAN, WPAN, WMAN, and WWAN. It describes the evolution of wireless networking standards such as 802.11a/b/g/n/ac. It also covers wireless security protocols like WEP, WPA, and WPA2 and threats such as man-in-the-middle attacks, session hijacking, and rogue access points. The document recommends steps to protect businesses and individuals, such as using strong passwords, firewalls, and VPNs when connecting to public wireless networks.
The document discusses how 802.11 wireless networking can be monetized through various business models like setting up hotspots, working with communities to provide free WiFi, and combining office networks. It then outlines the benefits of 802.11 including roaming freedom, real-time data updates, and high-speed data transmission compared to wired or dial-up options. Finally, it examines the security protocols within 802.11 like WEP, WPA, and 802.1x which provide authentication, encryption, and access control to prevent unauthorized access.
This document outlines an agenda for a workshop on networking and firewall basics. It will cover setting up a router and routing between networks, firewall administration, and demonstrations of routing, pinging, traceroute, SSH, and basic firewall rules. It provides instructions on software installation and setup for the demonstrations and includes exercises on port forwarding, multi-DMZ configurations, and network address translation.
The document discusses how to secure small office/home office (SOHO) networks. It recommends ditching standard consumer-grade routers and ISP routers in favor of using a true firewall like PfSense installed on custom hardware. Other recommendations include using a smart network switch, replacing existing WiFi with commercial-grade access points like Ubiquiti UniFi, setting up virtual private networks (VPNs) for remote access, and monitoring the network with open-source tools like Wireshark, Nmap, Snort, and OSSEC to detect intrusions and vulnerabilities. The document emphasizes starting simple and knowing your network well in order to effectively secure and defend it.
This document summarizes the specifications of a WiFi and Bluetooth USB adapter that allows devices to connect to wireless networks and Bluetooth devices. It supports 802.11b, 802.11g WiFi standards and Bluetooth 2.0. The adapter has a range of up to 250m and supports security protocols like WEP, WPA, WPA2. It can connect up to 7 Bluetooth devices and works on Windows operating systems.
Module 9: Increasing Security for Network Communication
Internet Protocol security (IPsec) is a framework of open standards for protecting communications over IP networks through cryptographic security services. IPsec supports network-level peer authentication, data-origin authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality (encryption), and replay protection. The Microsoft IPsec implementation is based on standards that the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) IPsec working group developed. In this module, you will learn how to implement, configure, and troubleshoot IPsec.
Lessons
Overview of IPsec
Configuring Connection Security Rules
Configuring NAP with IPsec Enforcement
Monitoring and Troubleshooting IPsec
Lab : Increasing Security for Network Communication
Selecting a Network Security Configuration
Configuring IPsec to Authenticate Computers
Testing IPsec Authentication
After completing this module, students will be able to:
Describe when and how to use IPsec.
Configure Connection Security rules.
Configure IPsec with NAP Enforcement.
Describe how to monitor and troubleshoot IPsec.
OpenStack Neutron Advanced Services by AkandaSean Roberts
Sean Roberts, VP Development Akanda, gave this talk on 03 September 2015 at the HP Sunnyvale offices. This talk goes into detail of how Akanda delivers OpenStack Neutron Advanced Services. Event details can be found here http://www.meetup.com/openstack/events/215648162/
This is the the technology which is very basic understanding on Wi- Fi technology..
What is Wi-Fi technology and how is working and also the advantages of wi-fi.....
Distributed sensor networks (DSN) consist of multiple sensor nodes that detect conditions and transmit data wirelessly. Each node contains sensors, microprocessors, transceivers, and power sources. DSNs implement a distributed control architecture to improve data collection and provide backup in case nodes fail. They were first developed by DARPA in 1978 and have standards set by groups like IEEE. DSNs are used for military surveillance, environmental monitoring, health applications, and home automation. They are poised to revolutionize various fields due to advantages like scalability, fault tolerance, and ability to operate in harsh environments.
Slides for a college course at City College San Francisco. Based on "Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Third Edition" by Michael T. Simpson, Kent Backman, and James Corley -- ISBN: 9781285454610.
Instructor: Sam Bowne
Class website: https://samsclass.info/123/123_S17.shtml
This document provides an overview of wireless security standards and vulnerabilities. It discusses the insecurity of WEP and vulnerabilities like IV reuse, bit flipping, and FMS attacks. It then covers solutions like 802.1x for authentication, WPA for improved encryption with TKIP, and WPA2 which implements the full 802.11i standard including AES-CCMP. The document demonstrates how to crack WEP security and sniff wireless traffic. It recommends using WPA or WPA2 with 802.1x authentication for secure wireless networks.
This document discusses Wi-Fi security standards. It describes the original WEP security protocol and its weaknesses. It then summarizes the WPA and WPA2 security protocols, which were developed to improve upon WEP. WPA uses TKIP and RC4 encryption with 128-bit keys, while WPA2 uses AES encryption with 128-bit keys and stronger authentication methods like 802.1x to provide stronger security for wireless networks. Both WPA and WPA2 improved security by implementing dynamic session keys and better encryption standards compared to the flawed WEP protocol.
Wireless networks allow devices to connect to a wired network without cables. An access point connected to the wired network allows devices like computers and phones to connect wirelessly at broadband speeds. However, wireless networks pose security risks if not configured properly, as unencrypted wireless traffic can be intercepted and users can gain unauthorized access. It is important to set up security measures like access restrictions, encryption, and isolating wireless networks when deploying wireless networks.
This document discusses wireless networks and how they operate. It describes how wireless LANs connect to wired LANs through access points and can also function as complete wireless networks without wired connections. Wireless LANs use radio waves to transmit data and integrate into existing networks through access points, which allow users to roam between coverage areas. However, wireless networks have unique security considerations compared to wired networks.
This research article characterized the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum populations from pregnant women in four malaria-endemic countries. Between 2008-2011, nearly 2000 pregnant women were recruited from Brazil, Colombia, India, and Papua New Guinea and followed until delivery, collecting blood samples. Seven P. vivax microsatellite markers were used to genotype 229 P. vivax isolates. P. vivax populations showed moderate to high genetic differentiation between countries and higher diversity than P. falciparum populations from the same areas. Diversity of P. vivax was very high in some settings compared to transmission levels, suggesting stable demographic histories.
لا ينصح الأطباء بزراعة الشعر باستخدام شعر الجسم حيث لديهم بعض الأسباب الطبية التي سنقوم بتوضيحها . ومع ذلك ، فإن زراعة الشعر باستخدام شعر الجسم ممكنة في الحالات التالية :
- عندما يكون شعر الرأس خفيف جدا في منطقة فروة الرأس و لا يمكن اعتباره كجهة مانحة .
- لإكمالات صغيرة جدا في مجال جراحة زراعة شعر اللحية او الشارب أوالحاجبين
This document discusses the history and evolution of wireless networking standards, including early versions like ALOHAnet, as well as common wireless encryption protocols like WEP, WPA, and WPA2. It explains how each standard works on a technical level and its weaknesses, such as WEP having only 24-bit initialization vectors that could be exhausted in a few hours, making it trivial to crack. Later standards like WPA and WPA2 aimed to fix these issues through techniques like dynamic session keys and stronger encryption algorithms to provide more secure wireless networking.
CNIT 125 Ch 5 Communication & Network Security (part 2 of 2)Sam Bowne
For a college course at Coastline Community College taught by Sam Bowne. Details at https://samsclass.info/125/125_F17.shtml
Based on: "CISSP Study Guide, Third Edition"; by Eric Conrad, Seth Misenar, Joshua Feldman; ISBN-10: 0128024372
Presented @ ISA Process Control & Safety Symposium
October 8, 2014
Description of the Kenexis project to build a ICS performance and security lab-in-a-box. This talk accompanies a live demo of the lab equipment.
CNIT 123 8: Desktop and Server OS VulnerabilitiesSam Bowne
For a college class in Ethical Hacking and Network Defense at CCSF, by Sam Bowne. More info at https://samsclass.info/123/123_S18.shtml
Based on this book
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Third Edition by Michael T. Simpson, Kent Backman, and James Corley -- ISBN: 9781285454610
This document discusses the history and types of wireless networks, including WLAN, WPAN, WMAN, and WWAN. It describes the evolution of wireless networking standards such as 802.11a/b/g/n/ac. It also covers wireless security protocols like WEP, WPA, and WPA2 and threats such as man-in-the-middle attacks, session hijacking, and rogue access points. The document recommends steps to protect businesses and individuals, such as using strong passwords, firewalls, and VPNs when connecting to public wireless networks.
The document discusses how 802.11 wireless networking can be monetized through various business models like setting up hotspots, working with communities to provide free WiFi, and combining office networks. It then outlines the benefits of 802.11 including roaming freedom, real-time data updates, and high-speed data transmission compared to wired or dial-up options. Finally, it examines the security protocols within 802.11 like WEP, WPA, and 802.1x which provide authentication, encryption, and access control to prevent unauthorized access.
This document outlines an agenda for a workshop on networking and firewall basics. It will cover setting up a router and routing between networks, firewall administration, and demonstrations of routing, pinging, traceroute, SSH, and basic firewall rules. It provides instructions on software installation and setup for the demonstrations and includes exercises on port forwarding, multi-DMZ configurations, and network address translation.
The document discusses how to secure small office/home office (SOHO) networks. It recommends ditching standard consumer-grade routers and ISP routers in favor of using a true firewall like PfSense installed on custom hardware. Other recommendations include using a smart network switch, replacing existing WiFi with commercial-grade access points like Ubiquiti UniFi, setting up virtual private networks (VPNs) for remote access, and monitoring the network with open-source tools like Wireshark, Nmap, Snort, and OSSEC to detect intrusions and vulnerabilities. The document emphasizes starting simple and knowing your network well in order to effectively secure and defend it.
This document summarizes the specifications of a WiFi and Bluetooth USB adapter that allows devices to connect to wireless networks and Bluetooth devices. It supports 802.11b, 802.11g WiFi standards and Bluetooth 2.0. The adapter has a range of up to 250m and supports security protocols like WEP, WPA, WPA2. It can connect up to 7 Bluetooth devices and works on Windows operating systems.
Module 9: Increasing Security for Network Communication
Internet Protocol security (IPsec) is a framework of open standards for protecting communications over IP networks through cryptographic security services. IPsec supports network-level peer authentication, data-origin authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality (encryption), and replay protection. The Microsoft IPsec implementation is based on standards that the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) IPsec working group developed. In this module, you will learn how to implement, configure, and troubleshoot IPsec.
Lessons
Overview of IPsec
Configuring Connection Security Rules
Configuring NAP with IPsec Enforcement
Monitoring and Troubleshooting IPsec
Lab : Increasing Security for Network Communication
Selecting a Network Security Configuration
Configuring IPsec to Authenticate Computers
Testing IPsec Authentication
After completing this module, students will be able to:
Describe when and how to use IPsec.
Configure Connection Security rules.
Configure IPsec with NAP Enforcement.
Describe how to monitor and troubleshoot IPsec.
OpenStack Neutron Advanced Services by AkandaSean Roberts
Sean Roberts, VP Development Akanda, gave this talk on 03 September 2015 at the HP Sunnyvale offices. This talk goes into detail of how Akanda delivers OpenStack Neutron Advanced Services. Event details can be found here http://www.meetup.com/openstack/events/215648162/
This is the the technology which is very basic understanding on Wi- Fi technology..
What is Wi-Fi technology and how is working and also the advantages of wi-fi.....
Distributed sensor networks (DSN) consist of multiple sensor nodes that detect conditions and transmit data wirelessly. Each node contains sensors, microprocessors, transceivers, and power sources. DSNs implement a distributed control architecture to improve data collection and provide backup in case nodes fail. They were first developed by DARPA in 1978 and have standards set by groups like IEEE. DSNs are used for military surveillance, environmental monitoring, health applications, and home automation. They are poised to revolutionize various fields due to advantages like scalability, fault tolerance, and ability to operate in harsh environments.
Slides for a college course at City College San Francisco. Based on "Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Third Edition" by Michael T. Simpson, Kent Backman, and James Corley -- ISBN: 9781285454610.
Instructor: Sam Bowne
Class website: https://samsclass.info/123/123_S17.shtml
This document provides an overview of wireless security standards and vulnerabilities. It discusses the insecurity of WEP and vulnerabilities like IV reuse, bit flipping, and FMS attacks. It then covers solutions like 802.1x for authentication, WPA for improved encryption with TKIP, and WPA2 which implements the full 802.11i standard including AES-CCMP. The document demonstrates how to crack WEP security and sniff wireless traffic. It recommends using WPA or WPA2 with 802.1x authentication for secure wireless networks.
This document discusses Wi-Fi security standards. It describes the original WEP security protocol and its weaknesses. It then summarizes the WPA and WPA2 security protocols, which were developed to improve upon WEP. WPA uses TKIP and RC4 encryption with 128-bit keys, while WPA2 uses AES encryption with 128-bit keys and stronger authentication methods like 802.1x to provide stronger security for wireless networks. Both WPA and WPA2 improved security by implementing dynamic session keys and better encryption standards compared to the flawed WEP protocol.
Wireless networks allow devices to connect to a wired network without cables. An access point connected to the wired network allows devices like computers and phones to connect wirelessly at broadband speeds. However, wireless networks pose security risks if not configured properly, as unencrypted wireless traffic can be intercepted and users can gain unauthorized access. It is important to set up security measures like access restrictions, encryption, and isolating wireless networks when deploying wireless networks.
This document discusses wireless networks and how they operate. It describes how wireless LANs connect to wired LANs through access points and can also function as complete wireless networks without wired connections. Wireless LANs use radio waves to transmit data and integrate into existing networks through access points, which allow users to roam between coverage areas. However, wireless networks have unique security considerations compared to wired networks.
This research article characterized the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum populations from pregnant women in four malaria-endemic countries. Between 2008-2011, nearly 2000 pregnant women were recruited from Brazil, Colombia, India, and Papua New Guinea and followed until delivery, collecting blood samples. Seven P. vivax microsatellite markers were used to genotype 229 P. vivax isolates. P. vivax populations showed moderate to high genetic differentiation between countries and higher diversity than P. falciparum populations from the same areas. Diversity of P. vivax was very high in some settings compared to transmission levels, suggesting stable demographic histories.
لا ينصح الأطباء بزراعة الشعر باستخدام شعر الجسم حيث لديهم بعض الأسباب الطبية التي سنقوم بتوضيحها . ومع ذلك ، فإن زراعة الشعر باستخدام شعر الجسم ممكنة في الحالات التالية :
- عندما يكون شعر الرأس خفيف جدا في منطقة فروة الرأس و لا يمكن اعتباره كجهة مانحة .
- لإكمالات صغيرة جدا في مجال جراحة زراعة شعر اللحية او الشارب أوالحاجبين
The document provides instructions for backing up and restoring an Xorcom IP-PBX system using the Xorcom Rapid Recovery accessory. The summary is:
The Xorcom Rapid Recovery allows backing up Xorcom IP-PBX systems, including configuration files and voice prompts, onto a USB disk. The instructions explain how to boot from the recovery disk, select a backup or restore option, name the backup file, perform the backup/restore, and reset the BIOS after completion. Maintaining multiple backups on the same disk is possible by saving each in a separate folder.
This document provides summaries of topics related to product engineering, software development, networking, cloud computing, databases, and other technologies. It discusses programming languages and frameworks, different types of networks and connectivity, mobile and wireless technologies, operating systems, cloud concepts, data warehousing processes, software architecture patterns, enterprise resource planning systems, storage solutions, multimedia technologies, and other technical terms.
This document summarizes the key terms and conditions for using Pinterest. It notes that Pinterest has separate terms for personal and business accounts, and that by agreeing, users grant Pinterest broad rights to use and distribute their uploaded content for advertising. It also outlines age restrictions, prohibitions against illegal or abusive content, and guidance to contact support for any issues. The document stresses reading the full terms carefully before agreeing in order to understand what rights and responsibilities come with using Pinterest.
Guia de _Usuario de Xorcom para Rapid recovery
instrucciones de uso para poder utilizar la herramienta de recuperacion y restauracion.
Es posible descargar desde el sitio de Xorcom las imagenes de las centrales PBX
زراعة الشعر أو استعادة الشعر : هو علاج لكل من الرجال والنساء وعبارة عن اجراء جراحي يعيد الشعر بشكل دائم ويتم عن طريق نقل بصيلات جديدة وزرعها في المناطق الصلعاء أو الأماكن ذات الكثافة الشعرية القليلة في الرأس أو اللحية أو حتى الشارب والحاجبين كما تأتي كإجراء تصحيحي ضروري للحالات التي تعرضت لبعض الاصابات أو الحروق أو حوادث اخرى أثرت على فروة الرأس .
عملية زراعة الشعر تستغرق من 6 الى 9 ساعات ويتم تنفيذها تحت التخدير الموضعي , يتم خلالها إزالة البصيلات و جذور شعر صحية وسليمة من المناطق المانحة في الخلف وفي جوانب الرأس وزراعتها في المناطق الممنوحة في فروة الرأس – أماكن الصلع
هي تقنية إقتطاف البصيلة ونقلها إلى منطقة أخرى في عملية زراعة الشعر ،
يتم اقتطاف شعر المنطقة الخلفية من الرأس الواقعة فوق الرقبة و بين الأذنين و التي تتميز بمقاومتها للتساقط، وذلك دون إجراء أي قطع لفروة الرأس كما في تقنية الشريحة, تحت تأثير التخدير الموضعي. تقتطف جذور الشعر بإستخدام رؤوس جهاز”ميكروموتور”وهو أرفع من0,7 ملم ويتم أخذ الشعيرات واحدة واحدة. و بإستخدام عدسات مجهرية يتم نقل الشعر إلى المناطق الخالية من الشعر كليا أو المناطق المراد تكثيف الشعر بها.
: كثيراً ما يطرح الراغبون في إجراء عملية زراعة الشعر الأسئلة التالية على أطبائهم
ما هي العوامل التي تؤدي إلى تساقط الشعر المزروع؟
هل يتساقط الشعر المزروع بعد الزراعة ؟
ما هي نسبة الكثافة التي سأحصل عليها بعد العملية؟
هل سيعود شعري كما كان من قبل ؟
ويبحثون عن الإجابات على تلك الاسئلة بنهم شديد عبر البحث في المواقع والمدونات الإلكترونية ومواقع التواصل الاجتماعي ولهم الحق في ذلك.
إن مفهوم زراعة الشعر هو نقل بصيلة الشعر من مكان الى آخر وهنا علينا معرفة عاملين أساسين وهما الفروة (فروة الرأس ) وبصلة الشعر
تعتبر خسارة الشعر من أكثر الأمور المدمرة عاطفيا بالنسبة للنساء. فالكل يعلم أن شعر الرأس يعتبر مفخرة للمرأة ، ويمكن لخسارة الشعر أو تساقطه أن يسبب ضربة كبيرة ومخيفة لاحترام الذات
ماهي اسباب تساقط الشعر عند النساء؟
فقر الدم الناتج عن نقص الحديد في الجسم -
أمراض الغدة الدرقية -
خلل في إفرازات الغدد الصماء -
القلق المزمن -
العوامل الوراثية -
إستخدام مستحضرات التجميل ذات النوعية السيئة و الخاطئة
Rose and Desmolaize et al 2012_AAC Publication for Puneet JajuPuneet Jaju
This document describes a multiplex PCR assay that can rapidly and reliably detect three macrolide resistance genes - erm(42), msr(E), and mph(E) - in the bacterial pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. The assay also distinguishes between these two bacteria by amplifying distinct fragments of their 23S rRNA genes. The multiplex PCR was tested on over 40 resistant isolates and correlated with their macrolide MICs and whole genome sequencing results, demonstrating it can accurately determine macrolide resistance genotypes and the bacterial genus in a single test.
تساقط الشعر والصلع لدى الرجال ليس شرطاً عند جميعهم وليس الكل على مستوى واحد من الصلع . فيمكن أنيبدأ خط الشعر بالتراجع إلى أن يصل إلى منطقة التاج , ويمكن أن يبدأ في التاج وينمو في القطر , أو من الممكن أن يختفي خط الشعر كلياً ليتركك برأس لامعٍ ونظيف . فبالنسبة لبعض الرجال الصلع هو شيء لا مفر منه مثله مثل الشيخوخة . ولتفادي هذه المشكلة يلجأ الرجال للبحث عن كافة الحلول الممكنة لاستعادة شعرهم والتخلص من مشكلة الصلع والتي اصبحت عملية زراعة الشعر من أفضلها
:وهنا نضع بين أيديكم ثمانية حقائق يجب ان تتوقعها بعد عملية زراعة الشعر
The document presents a series of statements people make expressing difficulties, doubts or fears, followed by the reassuring responses they would receive from Allah. It aims to convey that no matter what challenges one faces, Allah is always there to provide strength, comfort, forgiveness and guidance through both the Quran and by his side. In the end, it encourages sharing the message as a way to bless others with the gift of faith in Allah.
تساقط الشعر والصلع حالة شائعة تصيب الناس في جميع الأعمار , وقد أظهرت الاإحصاءات إن 35 مليون رجل يعانون من تساقط الشعر والصلع وثلثي العدد كان التساقط والصلع ملحوظاً لديهم في عمر الخامس والثلاثين . لذا إن لاحظت إن خط الشعر في أعلى جبهتك قد انحسر وتراجع للوراء , او تلاحظ شعراً كثيراً كغير العادة في فتحة تصريف حوض الحمام عندها ربما ستبدأ بالتساؤل كيف لتساقط الشعر والصلع من شأنهما التأثير على حياتك
This document contains the resume of Nguyen Sen. It details his personal information, objective, education history including a CCNA certification, and work experience as a network engineer for various companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from 2007 to the present. His responsibilities have included managing and configuring networking equipment, maintaining network performance and security, and responding to technical issues.
This document is a resume for Chinmay Padhye. It summarizes his professional experience including roles as a Trainee Basis Engineer at Halcyon InfoTech and Network Consultant Engineer at Router Mania Technologies, along with his education and technical skills. Key areas of expertise include TCP/IP networking, routing protocols, network design, and QA testing. Certifications include CCNA and CCNP. Recent projects involve VoIP implementation and securing Cisco networks.
LinuxCon Tokyo 2016 focused on developing secure IoT gateways. The presentation discussed gateway architecture choices like ARM and x86 processors. Connectivity options for sensors like Bluetooth and WiFi were also covered. Security is a major concern, and the talk evaluated both reactive measures like intrusion detection and proactive approaches like mandatory access control. Maintaining gateways over long product lifecycles requires techniques like live kernel patching and signed over-the-air updates to securely deploy upgrades. Embedded Linux provides a robust software platform for building reliable and secure IoT gateways.
The document provides an overview of operating systems, including:
- An operating system manages hardware and provides services to computer programs through a cycle of hardware, OS, applications, and users. Real-time OS are for executing real-time applications with predictable responses to events.
- Common operating systems include Unix, Linux, Mac, Windows, Android, AIX, HP-UX, and Solaris. Distributed OS appear as one computer across many, and embedded OS are for embedded computer systems.
- Middleware provides services to software applications beyond the operating system to facilitate communication and data management between client and server. Development skills involve programming languages, software architecture, algorithms, and scripting.
This chapter discusses building and managing a small network. It covers network design including common devices, protocols, and applications used. It also discusses network security threats and mitigation techniques, using commands like ping, traceroute, and show commands to evaluate performance, and applying troubleshooting methodologies to resolve issues like interface, IP addressing, and DNS problems. The goal is to explain how a small network operates and can later scale to become part of a larger network infrastructure.
This document discusses various types of network security attacks and methods to prevent them. It covers physical access attacks, social engineering attacks, penetration attacks like scanning and malware. It also discusses attacks on the OSI and TCP/IP models like at the session, transport and network layers. Prevention methods covered include firewalls, proxies, IPSec, security policies and hardening hosts. Specific switch and router vulnerabilities are examined like ARP poisoning, SNMP, spanning tree attacks. Countermeasures for switches include BPDU guard, root guard.
This document discusses challenges related to deploying Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. It outlines the layered IoT architecture and highlights design challenges at each layer including sensor selection, gateway selection, connectivity options, and IoT cloud platforms. Deployment challenges such as scalability, security, and dealing with heterogeneous and high-volume IoT data are also examined. The document emphasizes that securing IoT solutions requires an integrated approach across devices, networks, systems and users.
The document provides information about the CCNA certification process and overview. It discusses that the CCNA exam costs $150, has a 90 minute time limit, and consists of 55-65 questions in various formats. It also lists recommended study books. It then provides a detailed overview of each layer of the OSI model, describing the functions and responsibilities of the application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical layers.
This document outlines a security seminar agenda that includes topics such as security definitions, solutions, VPNs, security devices, AAA (authentication, authorization, and accounting), and firewall configuration. It provides examples of configuring a Cisco ASA firewall, including setting up VLANs, NAT, ACLs, and DHCP. It also describes configuring a Cisco router as an ISP with OSPF routing and connecting an internal server.
This document appears to be from a CISSP mentor program session discussing communication and network security topics. It includes a quiz on network protocols and technologies like UDP, TCP ports, OSI layers, and IPv6 tunneling. It also summarizes wired WAN protocols like T1/E1 lines, Frame Relay, X.25, ATM, MPLS, and storage protocols like FCoE, FCIP and iSCSI. The session aims to help students studying for the CISSP exam.
This document describes two experimental platforms for validating secure embedded system designs:
1) An experiment platform uses a model-based approach to integrate security considerations into the design process and validate designs using a plant control simulation system.
2) An application-driven wireless sensor network testbed is used to analyze vulnerabilities and design secure authentication and communication for a dirty bomb detection application.
Both platforms aim to validate secure embedded system designs by implementing theoretical security concepts on real experimental systems.
This document discusses various techniques to minimize transparency in information flow across computer networks. It begins by explaining how digital information is transmitted using the TCP/IP and OSI models. It then discusses tools like packet sniffers that can intercept network traffic. Various attacks that exploit transparency at different layers are described. Virtual private networks (VPNs) are presented as a method to secure information flow at the network layer through encryption. The document demonstrates traffic analysis with and without a VPN and discusses other strategies like Tor onion services and HTTPS. It concludes by addressing frequently asked questions about VPN services.
The document outlines a 12-step program for developing network security strategies. It discusses identifying network assets and security risks, analyzing security requirements and tradeoffs, developing a security plan and policy, implementing technical security strategies, and maintaining security. It also covers securing different parts of the network like internet connections, servers, remote access, services, and wireless networks using mechanisms like firewalls, authentication, encryption, and wireless security protocols.
Speed Hybrid WAN Deployment with the New Cisco Intelligent WAN Design Guide -...Cisco Enterprise Networks
Presentation from the April 22, 2015 Webcast: Speed Hybrid WAN Deployment with the New Cisco Intelligent WAN Design Guide.
Register to View Webcast: http://cs.co/9004CRn0
The document discusses securing data centers from cyber threats. It describes how attacks have evolved from manual to mechanized to sophisticated human-led attacks. It advocates employing segmentation, threat defense and visibility measures like firewalls, IDS/IPS, and NetFlow. The Cisco Cyber Threat Defense solution places these tools at the access, aggregation and core layers, including the ASA firewall, Nexus switches, and StealthWatch for network monitoring and analytics. This provides visibility into network traffic across physical and virtual infrastructure to detect threats and policy violations.
This document provides an overview of AWS security architecture. It discusses securing the cloud fabric by implementing access controls, network segmentation, and security auditing/monitoring. It also covers securing assets in the cloud by mapping traditional security controls to the cloud environment. Specific topics include encryption, enterprise logging using Kafka, and an incident response use case.
The 640-554 Implementing Cisco IOS Network Security (IINS) exam is associated with the CCNA Security certification. This exam tests a candidate's knowledge of securing Cisco routers and switches and their associated networks.
http://www.pass4surebraindumps.com/640-554.html
Application layer Security in IoT: A SurveyAdeel Ahmed
Internet of Things (IoT) is the future as we are
advancing towards an era of intelligent ambiance where daily
life objects will be communicating to each other for the sake of
convenience in our lives. But the comfort as a result of technology
demands certain measures for the safety of these devices from
wrong hands. The issue of security remains hot as we step further
in this vast area of technological advancement since it can directly
influence one’s personal security. Different techniques have been
adopted to incorporate security in IoT communication stack
for the purpose of confidentiality, identification, data integrity,
authentication, authorization and non-repudiation which are
the fundamental security traits worth considering. This paper
discusses the different application layer protocols by comparing
them on the basis of these traits.
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3. Types Of Networks
•
LAN: Local Area Network
For Small Business
•
MAN: Metropolitan area network
For Cities or Campus
•
WAN: Wide Area Network
Regional or National Networks
4. Devices Used By Networks
•
Bridges (Old type of Switches)
•
Switches (For LAN basically connect Systems)
•
Routers (For inter- network communication)
10. Juniper Exams
•
JNCIA - Juniper Networks Certified Internet
Associate (10 exams)
•
JNCIP - Juniper Networks Certified Internet
Professional (8 exams)
•
JNCIE - Juniper Networks Certified Internet Expert
(6 exams)
•
JNCIS - Juniper Networks Certified Internet
Specialist (13 exams)
11. Network Operating System
•
A networking operating system (NOS), also
referred to as the Dialoguer, is the software
that runs on a server and enables the server to
manage data, users, groups, security,
applications, and other networking functions.
•
Cisco: Cisco IOS (Internetwork Operating
System) (C/C++)
•
Juniper: JUNOS (C/C++)
12. Types Of Security
•
Internet Security (In between Client and
Server)
•
Network Security (Inside the Network)
•
Application Security( Application SDLC)
13. Internet Security
•
Network Layer Security: By Cryptography on TCP/IP including
SSL & TLS.
•
IPsec Protocol: Including Authentication Header &
Encapsulating Security payload.
•
Security Token: Online Sites Providing 6-digit code changing
randomly in 30-60 Sec.
•
Electronic Mail security (Email): Using PGP (Pretty Good
Privacy) for encrypting.
•
Message Authentication Code: Encrypting message by using
Code.
14. •Firewalls: Screening Network Traffic
Types of Firewalls
•Packet Filters: Processing Data Packet by Packet
•Circuit-Level Gateways: Operates at network level
•Application-Level Gateways: Operates at application level.
15. •
Malicious Software & Antivirus
•
Malware: User is tricked to download a
software
•
Virus: Code to steal data
•
Trojan Horse: Pretends as secure but
malicious (Keygen)
•
Spyware: Monitor Activites
16. Application Security
•
Measures taken throughout application life-
cycle to prevent flaws in Security Policies.
Includes
•
Input Validation
•
Authentication
•
Authorization
•
Configuration Mgmt.
•
Exception Management
•
Logging
17. Network Security
It consists of the provisions and policies adopted
by a network administrator to prevent and
monitor unauthorized access, misuse,
modification, or denial of a computer network.
Key Things:
Policies, Administrator, monitor, network,misuse,
modification