The document provides an overview of network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) and explores Snort, an open-source NIDS. It discusses the need for NIDS to monitor networks for attacks, presents examples of NIDS detections using Snort logs, and provides information on writing custom Snort rules. Key topics covered include NIDS deployments with Snort, analyzing Snort detects, and the basics of writing Snort signatures.
The document discusses various security measures for networking, including firewalls, antivirus systems, intrusion detection systems, and general network tools used by attackers. It describes how firewalls control inbound and outbound traffic based on configured rules. Antivirus systems use signature-based scanning to detect viruses. Intrusion detection systems can be host-based or network-based, and monitor for known attack patterns but can generate false alarms. The document also outlines common network tools used by attackers such as port scanners, network sniffers, and vulnerability scanners.
The document outlines objectives for day 1 of a training on network security and hacking techniques, including hardening Linux and Windows 2000 systems, analyzing software vulnerabilities and attacking techniques, and discussing elements of network security like confidentiality, integrity, availability, and models for access control. It also provides details on installation and configuration of Linux operating systems for network security.
The document discusses evasion techniques that can be used to bypass Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS). It introduces techniques such as fragmentation, protocol violations, and obfuscation. It then demonstrates how these techniques can be applied to a known attack on the MS08-067 vulnerability in order to evade detection by major IPS vendors, including HP TippingPoint, Check Point, Palo Alto Networks, Cisco, and Fortinet. The goal is to trick the IPS into allowing the malicious traffic through to compromise the target system.
The document discusses network forensics and the ability to capture and analyze all network traffic at high speeds. It notes that advances in storage technologies now enable total network traffic capture without loss. This allows analyzing past network events, even those from months prior, with full packet fidelity. The author proposes that network forensics technologies could evolve similarly to how firewalls became universal. By making total network traffic capture and analysis practical and easy to use, security defenses could become more effective against both known and unknown threats.
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.coยฌm-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
The network layer is responsible for routing data across interconnected networks through logical addressing and packet encapsulation. It uses protocols like IP, ICMP, and routing protocols to determine the best path and encapsulate higher layer data into packets with a network header for transmission. Functions include routing, fragmentation and reassembly, and providing a logical addressing scheme independent of physical hardware addresses.
Spoofing involves masquerading as another entity on a network to gain unauthorized access. Common spoofing attacks include masquerading as another system, hijacking an existing user session, and man-in-the-middle attacks where a third party intercepts communications. Intrusion detection systems monitor network activity for unusual behavior or policy violations and can help detect spoofing and other attacks. Firewalls filter network traffic to protect systems and enforce security policies, blocking unauthorized access while allowing legitimate communications.
Advanced Persistent Threats (Shining the Light on the Industries' Best Kept S...Security B-Sides
ย
The document provides an agenda for a talk on advanced persistent threats (APTs). It introduces APTs and discusses how they have evolved over time from targeting military and intelligence to also targeting private companies. It notes APTs can be opportunistic attacks that utilize social engineering and technical vulnerabilities. The document contrasts APTs with more sophisticated threats known as subversive multi-vector threats that are willing to exploit people, processes, and technologies to achieve their goals. It provides examples of analyzing suspicious foreign network traffic and discusses challenges with identifying and addressing multi-vector threats.
The document discusses various security measures for networking, including firewalls, antivirus systems, intrusion detection systems, and general network tools used by attackers. It describes how firewalls control inbound and outbound traffic based on configured rules. Antivirus systems use signature-based scanning to detect viruses. Intrusion detection systems can be host-based or network-based, and monitor for known attack patterns but can generate false alarms. The document also outlines common network tools used by attackers such as port scanners, network sniffers, and vulnerability scanners.
The document outlines objectives for day 1 of a training on network security and hacking techniques, including hardening Linux and Windows 2000 systems, analyzing software vulnerabilities and attacking techniques, and discussing elements of network security like confidentiality, integrity, availability, and models for access control. It also provides details on installation and configuration of Linux operating systems for network security.
The document discusses evasion techniques that can be used to bypass Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS). It introduces techniques such as fragmentation, protocol violations, and obfuscation. It then demonstrates how these techniques can be applied to a known attack on the MS08-067 vulnerability in order to evade detection by major IPS vendors, including HP TippingPoint, Check Point, Palo Alto Networks, Cisco, and Fortinet. The goal is to trick the IPS into allowing the malicious traffic through to compromise the target system.
The document discusses network forensics and the ability to capture and analyze all network traffic at high speeds. It notes that advances in storage technologies now enable total network traffic capture without loss. This allows analyzing past network events, even those from months prior, with full packet fidelity. The author proposes that network forensics technologies could evolve similarly to how firewalls became universal. By making total network traffic capture and analysis practical and easy to use, security defenses could become more effective against both known and unknown threats.
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.coยฌm-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
The network layer is responsible for routing data across interconnected networks through logical addressing and packet encapsulation. It uses protocols like IP, ICMP, and routing protocols to determine the best path and encapsulate higher layer data into packets with a network header for transmission. Functions include routing, fragmentation and reassembly, and providing a logical addressing scheme independent of physical hardware addresses.
Spoofing involves masquerading as another entity on a network to gain unauthorized access. Common spoofing attacks include masquerading as another system, hijacking an existing user session, and man-in-the-middle attacks where a third party intercepts communications. Intrusion detection systems monitor network activity for unusual behavior or policy violations and can help detect spoofing and other attacks. Firewalls filter network traffic to protect systems and enforce security policies, blocking unauthorized access while allowing legitimate communications.
Advanced Persistent Threats (Shining the Light on the Industries' Best Kept S...Security B-Sides
ย
The document provides an agenda for a talk on advanced persistent threats (APTs). It introduces APTs and discusses how they have evolved over time from targeting military and intelligence to also targeting private companies. It notes APTs can be opportunistic attacks that utilize social engineering and technical vulnerabilities. The document contrasts APTs with more sophisticated threats known as subversive multi-vector threats that are willing to exploit people, processes, and technologies to achieve their goals. It provides examples of analyzing suspicious foreign network traffic and discusses challenges with identifying and addressing multi-vector threats.
Coming to this issue we have Network Security in Tool Gyan which will put light on how to set up a secured network, Who wants to be a Millionaire in Tool Gyan, check out yourself of what exactly its all about ;)TOR in Mom's guide for all those who thought 'It sounds very complicated to use, Iโm not a hacker! I canโt use it!' by our Author- Federico from Italy.
This document presents a paper on security technologies by V. Praveen Kumar. It discusses various security threats when connecting a private network to the internet such as viruses, worms, and trojan horses. It then describes common security technologies used for protection like PGP encryption, the Trusted Platform Module, virtual machine managers, and their applications in areas like internet security, defense, and web/distributed applications. Finally, it discusses establishing security perimeters and developing an effective security design.
This document summarizes a research paper analyzing a layered defense system in a virtual lab environment. The paper discusses using tools like honeypots, pfSense firewall, and an intrusion detection system together to form a layered defense model. The researchers used various tools in Kali Linux to simulate attacks and analyze vulnerabilities in the defensive systems. Literature on topics like honeypots, Nmap, pfSense, firewalls, and penetration testing was also reviewed to support the research. The virtual lab experiment tested the layered defense approach against simulated attacks.
This paper introduces serious security vulnerabilities in intrusion prevention systems (IPS) that can be exploited using evasion techniques. The authors developed a tool called Evader that can apply various evasion methods to obfuscate malicious traffic and bypass IPS devices. Testing Evader against numerous commercial IPS products, they found that even the latest versions with the most up-to-date signatures and configurations could all be evaded using their advanced evasion techniques. This demonstrates that IPS systems remain highly susceptible to evasion attacks and are unable to effectively prevent modern intrusions.
This document introduces TinySec, a link layer security architecture designed for wireless sensor networks. TinySec aims to provide security such as message authentication and encryption with minimal overhead of bandwidth, latency, and energy consumption. The document discusses the design goals and challenges of sensor network security given constraints of memory, processing power, bandwidth and energy of sensor nodes. It argues that link layer security is better suited than end-to-end security for sensor networks where data aggregation is common. TinySec implements message authentication codes and encryption entirely in software to add security with less than 10% overhead.
The document discusses various hacking techniques such as session hijacking, packet sniffing, DNS cache poisoning, ARP cache poisoning, IP spoofing, denial of service attacks, web application attacks, password cracking, buffer overflows, and rootkits. It provides details on these network attacks, how they can be used to compromise Linux servers, and ways that Linux servers can be secured and optimized against such hacking techniques.
Peter Wood has worked as an ethical hacker for the past 20 years, with clients in sectors as diverse as banking, insurance, retail and manufacturing. He will describe how advanced persistent threats operate from a security intelligence perspective, based on published case studies and analysis. He will highlight APT entry points and exploitation techniques and suggest practical prevention and detection strategies.
The document discusses data security in local networks using distributed firewalls. It describes how distributed firewalls work to overcome issues with traditional firewalls, which rely on a single entry point. Distributed firewalls are centrally managed from a network server but installed on endpoints throughout the network. This allows security policies to be defined and pushed centrally while filtering traffic both from the internet and internally. It also discusses how distributed firewalls use pull and push techniques to update endpoints with the latest security policies from the central management server.
International Journal of Computer Science and Security Volume (1) Issue (3)CSCJournals
ย
The document discusses integrating VPN and IDS technologies to improve network security. It proposes configuring a VPN concentrator/firewall to encrypt traffic between remote clients and private networks. An IDS would be placed within the private network to monitor decrypted traffic. Rules would define the IDS monitoring encrypted VPN traffic and taking action on detected threats. The integration aims to address issues like switched and encrypted data evading traditional network IDS, while reducing false alarms through traffic correlation. Configuration rules specify interfaces, address pools, VPN/firewall settings, and IDS login to dynamically update firewall rules.
This document provides an overview of how Fortinet solutions can help secure industrial control systems (ICS) in accordance with IEC 62443 standards. It describes common ICS vulnerabilities and challenges, and recommends implementing network segmentation, access controls, and multi-layered security using Fortinet products to monitor traffic and enforce security policies across different ICS zones. Specific Fortinet products mentioned include the FortiGate firewall, FortiAuthenticator for authentication, and FortiAnalyzer for logging and reporting.
Passive monitoring to build Situational AwarenessDavid Sweigert
ย
Passive network monitoring techniques can provide valuable situational awareness for network security professionals. The document describes techniques for passively discovering information about nodes on a network, including operating systems, roles, services, and configurations. This contextual information helps analysts by reducing false positives and focusing resources. The passive approach does not disrupt networks and can operate continuously, in contrast to active scanning tools. A network monitoring prototype is being developed to test these passive discovery techniques.
A firewall is a network security system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on rules. It establishes a barrier between an internal trusted network and an external untrusted network like the Internet. Firewalls exist as both software and hardware. Hardware firewalls are standalone devices that provide network-level protection, while software firewalls install on individual devices. Common firewall techniques include packet filtering, application gateways, proxy servers, and network address translation. Firewalls are customizable and can filter traffic based on IP addresses, domains, protocols, ports, and specific words. They provide security against threats like remote access, backdoors, denial of service attacks, viruses, and spam.
This document contains a presentation on honeypots and steganography. It includes sections on honeypots that define them, discuss their history and classification, and describe their applications and advantages/disadvantages. It also includes sections on steganography that define it, discuss techniques like LSB insertion, and describe applications. The presentation provides an overview of honeypots and steganography for educational purposes.
This document discusses firewalls and their types. It begins by explaining that firewalls protect networks by guarding entry points and are becoming more sophisticated. It then defines a firewall as a network security system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on rules. The document outlines different generations of firewalls and describes four main types: packet filtering, stateful packet inspection, application gateways/proxies, and circuit-level gateways. It details the characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses of each type. Finally, it emphasizes that networks are still at risk of attacks and that firewalls have become ubiquitous, so choosing the right solution depends on needs, policies, resources.
The document discusses honeypots, which are computer systems designed to attract hackers in order to study their behavior. Honeypots come in two types - production honeypots, which directly protect networks, and research honeypots, which are used to gather threat intelligence. They also vary in their level of interaction, from low-interaction honeypots that emulate systems to high-interaction honeypots with fully functional operating systems. The goals of honeypots are to learn about new attacks, build attacker profiles, and identify vulnerabilities. They provide security benefits but also carry risks if compromised.
Network Architecture review in context of Information security helps to understand how to actually review the components of network with respect to best practices.
This document provides a quick reference guide for Linux security that includes definitions of common security terms, general security tips, and Linux security resources. It defines terms like buffer overflow, cryptography, denial of service, and port scanning. It offers tips such as using automatic package managers to update software, configuring firewalls and intrusion detection, and enforcing strong password policies. The document also lists various security-related websites, books, and open source tools that can aid in hardening Linux systems.
This document discusses securing healthcare networks against cyber attacks. It proposes using intrusion detection systems to continuously monitor networks, firewalls to ensure endpoint devices comply with security policies, and biometrics for identity-based network access control. This would help protect patient privacy by safeguarding electronic health records and enhancing the security of hospital networks. The growing adoption of electronic records and devices in healthcare has increased risks of attacks that could intercept patient data or take over entire hospital networks. Strong network security measures are needed to address these risks.
The document discusses the Media Access Control (MAC) address, which is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for identification. MAC addresses are permanent and work at the data link layer, unlike IP addresses which can change and work at the network layer. MAC address spoofing involves changing the MAC address to hide a device's identity or bypass access control lists. Intrusion detection systems are also discussed as important tools to detect attacks on networks.
Oedipus The King has many intrusions that propel the plot forward. One of the first intrusions is when Oedipus comes out of the palace and asks the Chorus why they are sitting by the shrine. This sparks the conflict about the plague afflicting Thebes. Another important intrusion is when the Priest stands up and explains the situation to Oedipus. This intrusion reveals that the Chorus wants a cure or sign for the plague. Intrusions are important elements in plays that can start or resolve conflicts, and Oedipus The King contains many intrusions that advance the classic tragedy's compelling story.
This document summarizes packet sniffing in switched network environments. It discusses how tools like ARP spoofing can allow an attacker to intercept network traffic in a switched network by performing a man-in-the-middle attack. The document provides examples of using tools like dsniff and ScoopLM to sniff plaintext usernames and passwords in non-switched networks. It also explains how ARP spoofing works to redirect traffic to an attacker's machine in a switched network, enabling packet sniffing. Encryption is presented as the most effective defense against packet sniffing threats.
Coming to this issue we have Network Security in Tool Gyan which will put light on how to set up a secured network, Who wants to be a Millionaire in Tool Gyan, check out yourself of what exactly its all about ;)TOR in Mom's guide for all those who thought 'It sounds very complicated to use, Iโm not a hacker! I canโt use it!' by our Author- Federico from Italy.
This document presents a paper on security technologies by V. Praveen Kumar. It discusses various security threats when connecting a private network to the internet such as viruses, worms, and trojan horses. It then describes common security technologies used for protection like PGP encryption, the Trusted Platform Module, virtual machine managers, and their applications in areas like internet security, defense, and web/distributed applications. Finally, it discusses establishing security perimeters and developing an effective security design.
This document summarizes a research paper analyzing a layered defense system in a virtual lab environment. The paper discusses using tools like honeypots, pfSense firewall, and an intrusion detection system together to form a layered defense model. The researchers used various tools in Kali Linux to simulate attacks and analyze vulnerabilities in the defensive systems. Literature on topics like honeypots, Nmap, pfSense, firewalls, and penetration testing was also reviewed to support the research. The virtual lab experiment tested the layered defense approach against simulated attacks.
This paper introduces serious security vulnerabilities in intrusion prevention systems (IPS) that can be exploited using evasion techniques. The authors developed a tool called Evader that can apply various evasion methods to obfuscate malicious traffic and bypass IPS devices. Testing Evader against numerous commercial IPS products, they found that even the latest versions with the most up-to-date signatures and configurations could all be evaded using their advanced evasion techniques. This demonstrates that IPS systems remain highly susceptible to evasion attacks and are unable to effectively prevent modern intrusions.
This document introduces TinySec, a link layer security architecture designed for wireless sensor networks. TinySec aims to provide security such as message authentication and encryption with minimal overhead of bandwidth, latency, and energy consumption. The document discusses the design goals and challenges of sensor network security given constraints of memory, processing power, bandwidth and energy of sensor nodes. It argues that link layer security is better suited than end-to-end security for sensor networks where data aggregation is common. TinySec implements message authentication codes and encryption entirely in software to add security with less than 10% overhead.
The document discusses various hacking techniques such as session hijacking, packet sniffing, DNS cache poisoning, ARP cache poisoning, IP spoofing, denial of service attacks, web application attacks, password cracking, buffer overflows, and rootkits. It provides details on these network attacks, how they can be used to compromise Linux servers, and ways that Linux servers can be secured and optimized against such hacking techniques.
Peter Wood has worked as an ethical hacker for the past 20 years, with clients in sectors as diverse as banking, insurance, retail and manufacturing. He will describe how advanced persistent threats operate from a security intelligence perspective, based on published case studies and analysis. He will highlight APT entry points and exploitation techniques and suggest practical prevention and detection strategies.
The document discusses data security in local networks using distributed firewalls. It describes how distributed firewalls work to overcome issues with traditional firewalls, which rely on a single entry point. Distributed firewalls are centrally managed from a network server but installed on endpoints throughout the network. This allows security policies to be defined and pushed centrally while filtering traffic both from the internet and internally. It also discusses how distributed firewalls use pull and push techniques to update endpoints with the latest security policies from the central management server.
International Journal of Computer Science and Security Volume (1) Issue (3)CSCJournals
ย
The document discusses integrating VPN and IDS technologies to improve network security. It proposes configuring a VPN concentrator/firewall to encrypt traffic between remote clients and private networks. An IDS would be placed within the private network to monitor decrypted traffic. Rules would define the IDS monitoring encrypted VPN traffic and taking action on detected threats. The integration aims to address issues like switched and encrypted data evading traditional network IDS, while reducing false alarms through traffic correlation. Configuration rules specify interfaces, address pools, VPN/firewall settings, and IDS login to dynamically update firewall rules.
This document provides an overview of how Fortinet solutions can help secure industrial control systems (ICS) in accordance with IEC 62443 standards. It describes common ICS vulnerabilities and challenges, and recommends implementing network segmentation, access controls, and multi-layered security using Fortinet products to monitor traffic and enforce security policies across different ICS zones. Specific Fortinet products mentioned include the FortiGate firewall, FortiAuthenticator for authentication, and FortiAnalyzer for logging and reporting.
Passive monitoring to build Situational AwarenessDavid Sweigert
ย
Passive network monitoring techniques can provide valuable situational awareness for network security professionals. The document describes techniques for passively discovering information about nodes on a network, including operating systems, roles, services, and configurations. This contextual information helps analysts by reducing false positives and focusing resources. The passive approach does not disrupt networks and can operate continuously, in contrast to active scanning tools. A network monitoring prototype is being developed to test these passive discovery techniques.
A firewall is a network security system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on rules. It establishes a barrier between an internal trusted network and an external untrusted network like the Internet. Firewalls exist as both software and hardware. Hardware firewalls are standalone devices that provide network-level protection, while software firewalls install on individual devices. Common firewall techniques include packet filtering, application gateways, proxy servers, and network address translation. Firewalls are customizable and can filter traffic based on IP addresses, domains, protocols, ports, and specific words. They provide security against threats like remote access, backdoors, denial of service attacks, viruses, and spam.
This document contains a presentation on honeypots and steganography. It includes sections on honeypots that define them, discuss their history and classification, and describe their applications and advantages/disadvantages. It also includes sections on steganography that define it, discuss techniques like LSB insertion, and describe applications. The presentation provides an overview of honeypots and steganography for educational purposes.
This document discusses firewalls and their types. It begins by explaining that firewalls protect networks by guarding entry points and are becoming more sophisticated. It then defines a firewall as a network security system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on rules. The document outlines different generations of firewalls and describes four main types: packet filtering, stateful packet inspection, application gateways/proxies, and circuit-level gateways. It details the characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses of each type. Finally, it emphasizes that networks are still at risk of attacks and that firewalls have become ubiquitous, so choosing the right solution depends on needs, policies, resources.
The document discusses honeypots, which are computer systems designed to attract hackers in order to study their behavior. Honeypots come in two types - production honeypots, which directly protect networks, and research honeypots, which are used to gather threat intelligence. They also vary in their level of interaction, from low-interaction honeypots that emulate systems to high-interaction honeypots with fully functional operating systems. The goals of honeypots are to learn about new attacks, build attacker profiles, and identify vulnerabilities. They provide security benefits but also carry risks if compromised.
Network Architecture review in context of Information security helps to understand how to actually review the components of network with respect to best practices.
This document provides a quick reference guide for Linux security that includes definitions of common security terms, general security tips, and Linux security resources. It defines terms like buffer overflow, cryptography, denial of service, and port scanning. It offers tips such as using automatic package managers to update software, configuring firewalls and intrusion detection, and enforcing strong password policies. The document also lists various security-related websites, books, and open source tools that can aid in hardening Linux systems.
This document discusses securing healthcare networks against cyber attacks. It proposes using intrusion detection systems to continuously monitor networks, firewalls to ensure endpoint devices comply with security policies, and biometrics for identity-based network access control. This would help protect patient privacy by safeguarding electronic health records and enhancing the security of hospital networks. The growing adoption of electronic records and devices in healthcare has increased risks of attacks that could intercept patient data or take over entire hospital networks. Strong network security measures are needed to address these risks.
The document discusses the Media Access Control (MAC) address, which is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for identification. MAC addresses are permanent and work at the data link layer, unlike IP addresses which can change and work at the network layer. MAC address spoofing involves changing the MAC address to hide a device's identity or bypass access control lists. Intrusion detection systems are also discussed as important tools to detect attacks on networks.
Oedipus The King has many intrusions that propel the plot forward. One of the first intrusions is when Oedipus comes out of the palace and asks the Chorus why they are sitting by the shrine. This sparks the conflict about the plague afflicting Thebes. Another important intrusion is when the Priest stands up and explains the situation to Oedipus. This intrusion reveals that the Chorus wants a cure or sign for the plague. Intrusions are important elements in plays that can start or resolve conflicts, and Oedipus The King contains many intrusions that advance the classic tragedy's compelling story.
This document summarizes packet sniffing in switched network environments. It discusses how tools like ARP spoofing can allow an attacker to intercept network traffic in a switched network by performing a man-in-the-middle attack. The document provides examples of using tools like dsniff and ScoopLM to sniff plaintext usernames and passwords in non-switched networks. It also explains how ARP spoofing works to redirect traffic to an attacker's machine in a switched network, enabling packet sniffing. Encryption is presented as the most effective defense against packet sniffing threats.
Network Vulnerabilities And Cyber Kill Chain EssayKaren Oliver
ย
This document discusses several networking tools, beginning with Wireshark. Wireshark is described as an open-source packet sniffer that allows users to capture and analyze network traffic passing through their computer. It started development in 1998 under the name Ethereal, and was renamed in 2006. The document then moves on to briefly describe Nmap, TCPDump, and Netcat. Nmap is a port scanning tool used for network discovery and security auditing. TCPDump is a command line packet analyzer that prints out network traffic. Netcat is a networking utility that reads and writes data across network connections using TCP or UDP.
This document discusses vulnerability assessment tools and their use in evaluating systems for security weaknesses. It outlines setting up a virtual machine environment with Windows, Metasploitable, and Kali Linux virtual machines. The OpenVAS vulnerability scanner is used to scan the Windows and Metasploitable VMs to identify vulnerabilities. The scans find open ports and suggest ways to remedy weaknesses found.
The document discusses 5 common mistakes organizations make when deploying intrusion detection systems (IDS).
1. Not ensuring the IDS can see all network traffic by improperly planning its infrastructure placement.
2. Deploying an IDS but not reviewing the alerts it generates, diminishing its value as a detection system.
3. Deploying an IDS that generates alerts but having no response policy or understanding of normal vs anomalous activity.
4. Being overwhelmed by a high volume of alerts without properly tuning the IDS to the environment.
5. Not accepting the inherent limitations of signature-based IDS to detect new exploits without updated signatures.
This document summarizes a proposed robust campus wide network defender system. It begins with an introduction to network security and the role of firewalls and intrusion detection systems. It then describes various attack generation and detection algorithms proposed as part of the system. These include algorithms for generating and detecting ICMP floods, SYN floods, LAND attacks, and XMAS attacks. The system is intended to integrate firewall and IDS capabilities to better defend against known attacks. The document concludes with discussions of the software development process and programming tools used to implement the proposed system.
Enterprise Security Monitoring, And Log Management.Boni Yeamin
ย
In today's presentation, we'll explore Security Onion, a powerful open-source platform designed to fortify your network security. Security Onion, much like its namesake vegetable, peels back the layers of your network traffic, enabling you to identify and address potential threats. We'll delve into its functionalities, core components, and the advantages it brings to your cybersecurity posture.
This document discusses different types of firewalls and their functions. It begins by explaining why computers need protection and why firewalls are needed. There are three main types of firewalls: packet filtering, application-level, and circuit-level. Packet filtering firewalls control protocols, IP addresses, and port numbers using rulesets. Application-level firewalls allow or block specific application traffic using mechanisms for each desired application. Circuit-level firewalls relay TCP connections by copying bytes between an external host and internal resource. In summary, firewalls provide network security by controlling access and filtering unauthorized traffic between internal and external networks.
Intrusion Detection & Prevention Systems (IDPS) are crucial for protecting computers and detecting threats in real time. As threats have grown in the 21st century, IDPS have also evolved, with different types providing various protection functions. Effective IDPS not only detect and prevent attacks, but also log events, create reports on recent attacks, and provide detailed information. Detection methods include signature-based detection by comparing traffic to known attacks, anomaly-based detection by identifying deviations from normal behavior, and policy-based detection by enforcing allowed functions.
Team research paper and project on network vulnerabilities with multiple attacks and defesnses:
Cybersecurity
-For this project, our class was paired with teams to attempt to find vulnerabilities in other teams networks and to successfully beach their network.
-My role in this group was to help breach other team vulnerabilities through different attacks like responder attacks, honeypots, etc.
-The main challenges of this project were trying to find the vulnerabilities successfully, as the whole team had troubles with each of our different attacks and defenses.
-We learned how to use cybersecurity tools to help find vulnerabilities in networks and how to protect against them better. For example, in the honeypot we used we deployed it to port 80, when the attacker tried to access our fake server we were notified. We also deployed palto alto firewall to create our private and secure network. For an attack, we also used password crackers like john the ripper. This project taught us how to breach networks as a team.
The document provides an overview of honeypots and guidelines for setting up and running a research honeynet. It defines honeypots and differentiates between research and production honeypots. It outlines technical requirements for setting up a honeynet, including separating it from other networks, controlling data flow, and capturing data for analysis. It discusses insights that can be gained about attackers' tools and behaviors from observing compromised honeypots. Specifically, it notes the prevalence of script kiddies scanning for vulnerabilities and how they indicate inexperienced attackers may still pose risks if configurations are not secure.
SafeBreach is a continuous security validation platform that can identify vulnerabilities in a company's network by simulating cyberattacks. It deploys agents across all systems to map the network and monitor for attacks without affecting the systems. The article describes how SafeBreach was tested on a large virtual network, quickly finding hundreds of potential entry points and paths to sensitive data. It also discusses how SafeBreach can be used to run security scenarios and wargames to help train IT teams to respond to attacks.
This document provides an overview and buyer's guide for next generation endpoint protection (NGEP). It discusses the limitations of traditional antivirus software and the evolving threat landscape. A new behavior-based approach using NGEP is presented as a solution. Key criteria for evaluating NGEP vendors are outlined, including the critical capabilities an effective solution should provide. SentinelOne is presented as an NGEP option, highlighting its behavior monitoring approach and ability to detect, prevent, and remediate both known and unknown threats.
The document discusses various common security threats and how to mitigate them using Cisco's IOS Firewall features. It describes application-layer attacks, autorooters, backdoors, denial of service attacks, IP spoofing, man-in-the-middle attacks, network reconnaissance, packet sniffers, password attacks, port redirection attacks, Trojan horse attacks and viruses, and trust exploitation attacks. It then outlines Cisco IOS Firewall features like stateful inspection, intrusion detection, firewall voice traversal, ICMP inspection, authentication proxy, destination URL policy management, per-user firewalls, router provisioning, DoS prevention, dynamic port mapping, Java applet blocking, traffic filtering, multi-interface support, NAT, time-
Top 25 SOC Analyst interview questions.pdfinfosec train
ย
SOC is abbreviated as Security Operations Center, a centralized team of any company that monitors real-time threats, real-time incidents, and
suspicious activities.
This document discusses tools for detecting attacks, including honey pots, anti-spyware tools, and backup/recovery tools. It focuses on KFSensor honeypot software, which acts as a decoy server to detect and study hacker behavior without risk to critical systems. The document also covers NetBus and other Trojans, how anti-spyware software differs from viruses/worms in not self-replicating but exploiting computers for commercial gain, and the importance of backups for recovery from attacks.
SentinelOne was founded in 2013 by an elite group of cybersecurity and defense experts who share a strong passion for disruption, and a clear vision for a path forward in a post-antivirus era. Building on their experiences learned at Check Point Software Technologies, IBM, Intel Security, Palo Alto Networks, and White Hat Security, the team is committed to the mission of defeating advanced cyber threats and instilling confidence in our digital way of life.
Find out more at https://sentinelone.com
Network Cloaking is a technology and methodology created by EcoNet that prevents network intrusions by making protected networks invisible to external threats. It utilizes the Sentinel IPS to inspect packets entering the network, detect malicious content, and automatically block the source IP address before any damage can be done. A test by a federal law enforcement group found that a computer protected by Sentinel IPS using Network Cloaking was never compromised, even after months online, whereas an unprotected computer was hacked within days. Network Cloaking aims to change the rules of network security by avoiding direct engagement with attackers and making the network invisible to their probes and intrusion attempts.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
ย
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
ย
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
ย
(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
ย
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
ย
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
ย
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
2. FORESEC ACADEMY
Network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) are an excellent way to monitor
networks for anomalies that could indicate an attack or signs of electronic tampering
on your network. In this chapter, we explore the need for NIDS and discuss some of
the available offerings. In particular, we look at commercial tools such as BlackICE
Defender, as well as an extremely popular open-source tool called Snort. We also
discuss the advantages associated with building a distributed NIDS and provide
examples of creating custom signatures for your own network environment.
Our journey begins with a single network attack and culminates with a myriad of real
world intrusion attempts. The objective is to present you with the knowledge
necessary to understand the basics of intrusion detection and to spark some ideas of
how this technology can be deployed on your own network. Finally, after reading this
chapter, you should be able to tell the difference between an innocuous scan and a
malicious scan and how to react and respond accordingly.
ยฉ FORESEC
3. FORESEC ACADEMY
Need for Network-based Intrusion Detection
Insider attacks can cause more financial damage than third party attacks because
insiders have intimate knowledge of internal networks. Traditional audit and security
mechanisms can address these threats and organizations can prosecute. The
greater concern though should be attacks originating from the Internet.
The volume of attacks originating from the public network is (or should be!)
significantly higher than the number of attacks coming from an internal host. Most
outside attacks can be stopped by a properly configured firewall. However, we need
to be concerned with attacks that are able to bypass, or otherwise penetrate, the
outside perimeter. You may be asking if the firewall can prevent many or most
attacks, then why do we need to be concerned about the few that make it through?
The reason is simple: volume. The sheer number of outside attacks hitting your
network will eventually take their toll and compromise the system. There is a saying
that even a blind squirrel can find a nut, and that can be applied to the perimeter
network. Attacks on your network, even if poorly targeted, will eventually result in
malicious activity passing through your perimeter and causing damage to your
systems.
ยฉ FORESEC
4. FORESEC ACADEMY
By detecting even the most benign attacks hitting our network perimeter, we can use
that data to properly tune our system defences and mitigate or render useless a
large percentage of the attacks. As the sophistication of network-based attacks
continues to increase, we owe it to ourselves to use NIDS to investigate intrusions,
analyze threats and prepare the needed countermeasures. There is also the distinct
advantage of being able to correlate data from a variety of NIDS deployments to
increase our capability in responding to various attacks. We will discuss event
correlation later in this chapter.
ยฉ FORESEC
5. FORESEC ACADEMY
Inside a Network Attack
Some people call this classic attack an out of band attack; however, it is better
known as WinNuke. WinNuke sends a single, specially crafted packet with OOB data
to a remote listening port, TCP 139. This is known to crash older versions of
Windows. (Note that Out of Band is a misnomer; WinNuke actually uses the TCP
Urgent flag and the urgent pointer.) Even if NetBIOS is not enabled, a vulnerable
system attacked by WinNuke will typically experience the dreaded โBlue Screen of
Death.โ Although this is a dated attack tool, it does an excellent job in visually
explaining the concept of network-based attacks. It should also be noted that there
are still millions of Windows 95 machines connected to the Internet. It is safe to say
that this attack tool could still bring down countless machines.
ยฉ FORESEC
6. FORESEC ACADEMY
How do we create this special packet capable of bringing Windows 95 to its knees?
That answer is quite simple, Nuke.eM. Nukeโem (shown in the previous slide) works
by establishing a TCP connection with a remote host and delivering the illegal
packet. It doesnโt take any skill and it can turn the most inept person into a hacker.
ยฉ FORESEC
7. FORESEC ACADEMY
The previous screenshot shows how the Nuke.eM attack was detected and blocked
by BlackICE PC Protection, a leading commercial personal firewall. The highlighted
area illustrates the NetBIOS probe (Nuke.eM) was detected and successfully
blocked six times.
We can see that a NetBIOS port probe from the IP address 192.168.1.100 was
detected and blocked by the firewall engine. The information window at the bottom of
the screen gives a brief description of the attack and clicking on the โadvICEโ button
to the right will give more detailed information.
Note
Internet Security Systems (ISS) acquired the BlackICE product line in April 2001.
The BlackICE PC protection suite is their first offering from their new acquisition.
Okay, letโs sum up what we have seen as we have explored a single network attack.
We have identified a vulnerability, a flaw in the Microsoft implementation of
networking. We have described the flaw technically and demonstrated one of the
attacker tools that takes advantage of the threat. Finally, we have seen a detection
and protection tool in action. Actually, this is another example of threat,
countermeasure, and counter-countermeasure. Winnuke was dropping systems left
and right and Microsoft responded with a patch. Instead of fixing the problem the first
time, they released a quick hack. The attackers instantly countered with a
modification to their attack tools, finally forcing Microsoft to release a complete patch
that adequately resolved the initial problem.
ยฉ FORESEC
8. FORESEC ACADEMY
Network Intrusion Detection 101
Generally, when we think of utilizing a personal firewall, it is to protect our PC that is
directly connected to the Internet. However, we donโt always think about detection:
Many personal firewalls on the market today have the capability to block attacks and
they can also detect and log attacks. Logging the attack allows an analyst to study
the attributes of an attack. In fact, with the increasing rate of broadband installations,
personal firewalls with intrusion detection capability are becoming extremely valuable
network sensors for the IDS community. The Internet Storm Center has a free client
that can be used in conjunction with many personal firewalls and intrusion detection
systems that will allow you to upload your logs to their site for further research and
investigation. If want a way to do your part and give back to the information security
community, then this is a great opportunity. Detailed information is available from the
web site at http://isc.incidents.org.
The Importance of Logging
The previous screen shot depicts activity on an extremely busy and hostile network.
We can see a variety of attacks including nmap pings, SNMP port probes and DNS
zone transfers. Although it is useful to be able to view these events in real-time, it is
even more useful to have the ability to view these events with a network protocol
analyzer like Ethereal to gain a better understanding of the attack and how it
happened. Most personal firewalls include a logging feature that should be enabled
to get the most from the product.
ยฉ FORESEC
9. FORESEC ACADEMY
Logging is an integral part of intrusion detection. Being able to refer back to logs
after an event happens is extremely useful from a learning perspective and in the
case of criminal prosecution. Having logs of the events that led to a compromise
would be a valuable asset if you seek damages or prosecution from a network attack
or system compromise.
ยฉ FORESEC
10. FORESEC ACADEMY
In this example, we demonstrate how to enable logging in the BlackICE personal
firewall. The firewall engine settings are managed from the tool menu and can be
easily accessed from the main screen. Looking around, we can see multiple tabs
that allow you to alter the functionality of the firewall. For our purposes, we focus on
the Evidence Log and Packet Log options.
It is important to ensure that logging is enabled on the Evidence Log tab. The rest is
self-explanatory, but it is useful to use the % sign at the end of the evd file prefix.
Using the special character will add a date/time stamp to the log files. This is helpful
in the event you need to go back and look up the information for an attack that
occurred at a particular time. You may also wish to adjust the maximum file size and
maximum number of files settings to reflect your network.
Another useful feature is the Packet Log tab; enabling the Packet Log feature of
BlackICE allows you to capture all the traffic that comes across the listening
interface. This can prove extremely valuable when you need to perform network
diagnostics or just to learn how your network operates at various points in time.
However, remember that with this feature enabled, large amounts of disk space will
be consumed to accommodate all of the network traffic. You might want to watch the
remaining disk space when utilizing this logging feature.
ยฉ FORESEC
11. FORESEC ACADEMY
Note
BlackICE is often thought of as a host-based IDS because it is typically installed on
individual machines, but letโs think about what it is really doing - monitoring network
traffic. A traditional HIDS monitors log files, file changes, registry changes, and other
rights/permissions of the host operating system. We use BlackICE in this chapter to
illustrate the basics of network-based intrusion detection systems.
ยฉ FORESEC
12. FORESEC ACADEMY
Viewing BlackICE Logs
There is a common misconception that BlackICE log files are viewable only by
installing a commercial third-party application such as VisualICE or ICEcap. Although
these add-on programs do a great job of parsing the data and creating nice looking
reports, the only thing necessary is to view the files with an available packet analysis
tool. In the previous example, we used a program called Ethereal to view the data.
Ethereal, a free packet analysis program is an excellent tool for decoding and
viewing the BlackICE log files. In default installations of BlackICE, the log files are
located at
C:program filesISSBlackICEevd%*.enc
Note
Ethereal is one of the killer apps to rise from the open-source movement. It is
maintained by a core group of developers who continually add features and update
the program. It is easy to use, flexible, and free to download. I would happily put it up
against any commercially available protocol analyzer. Although our example is basic,
the other features of Ethereal are worth checking out. Ethereal can be downloaded
at http://www.ethereal.com.
ยฉ FORESEC
13. FORESEC ACADEMY
BlackICE Visualization Tools
The previous screenshot shows a spike in activity in the Events window that was the result of
someone probing this network. This gives us an idea of where to look to find this data in the
evidence log file. As a helpful hint, find the approximate time of an event and if you happen
to be looking for a scan, always look at the biggest file first since port scans tend to generate
a lot of traffic.
This screen also allows you to view network trends over a period of minutes, hours, or days
and it can be useful in learning the intricacies of your network. For example, once a baseline
has been established, you can then use this screen to look for any anomalies that donโt
correlate with usual network traffic patterns.
We used a host-based intrusion detection engine to examine how a network attack functions.
Now that you have a basic understanding of network-based attacks, letโs shift our focus to
NIDS.
ยฉ FORESEC
14. FORESEC ACADEMY
Libpcap-Based Intrusion Detection Systems
Most network-based intrusion detection systems are Libpcap-based. Libpcap is an
open source packet capture library designed to retrieve data from the kernel and
pass it to the application layer. Libpcap has the advantage of being free to use and
has proven, since its inception, to be extremely reliable. Products that use the
Libpcap library include Shadow, Snort, Cisco IDS (formerly NetRanger), and NFR.
Note
Complete information, including the source code for Libpcap can be downloaded at:
http://www.tcpdump.org/. If you are running on a Windows-based platform,
you are in luck! Winpcap is the Win32 version of Libpcap and can be downloaded at
http://winpcap.polito.it/.
In the previous diagram, you see a remote sensor collecting data and forwarding it to
another machine for display and analysis. The Shadow Intrusion Detection System
uses this configuration and is one of the few NIDS that essentially uses a โdumbโ
probe to forward the packets it captures to another device for processing. If the
Shadow sensor should fail or somehow get compromised, no information about the
site will be lost.
ยฉ FORESEC
15. FORESEC ACADEMY
Network Intrusion Detection with Snort
Snort is billed as a lightweight network intrusion detection system. It was introduced
to the open-source community in 1998 by its developer, Marty Roesch. Snort has
quickly gained a reputation for being an extremely efficient, lightweight, and low-cost
NIDS solution and owes its popularity and extensive features to a devoted team of
core developers and an active user base.
ยฉ FORESEC
16. FORESEC ACADEMY
Snortโs design allows for easy integration into most networks and it can be
configured to monitor multiple sites, networks, or interfaces with relative ease. It has
rules for packet content decodes and packet headers. This means it can detect data-
driven attacks like buffer overflow errors, as well as attacks on vulnerable URLs and
scripts (for example, RDS and phf).
Because Snort is open-source and has such an active user community, it is an ideal
system to learn how to analyze intrusions and to experiment with different
configurations. There are many community-developed enhancements available (we
discuss them later in this chapter) and help is just an e-mail message away.
Note
A great resource to learn more about Snort is the FAQ, which is available at:
http://www.snort.org/docs/faq.html. The FAQ is actively maintained and
describes the many features of Snort.
ยฉ FORESEC
17. FORESEC ACADEMY
Analyzing a Snort Detect
Snort detects are displayed in log files, like the one shown previously, and separated
by blank lines. The logs are flat files, also called text files, and have the advantage of
being easy to sort, search, and analyze. Another advantage of Snort logs is the
ability to cut and paste the various detects into an e-mail message to be sent to
other analysts, your CIRT, or the offending party. This feature alone is unavailable in
many commercial products.
In this example, you see that the name of the detect, RPC Info Query, is listed at the
top and the summary information is given in the following. The last three lines show
the actual payload of this particular attack. Remote procedure call (RPC) attacks like
this are part of the FORESEC Top Twenty list
(http://www.foresecacademy.com/top20/) and could indicate a potential
vulnerability on your network. Pay particular attention to all of the zeros in the
payload. This is because RPC packets are padded to 32-bit words, often to carry a
field that only has a choice of single integers, so the zeros are an indication of
Remote Procedure Calls. Another item worthy of mention is the hex string, 01 86 A0
00 00 00 02 00 00 00 04. This is the string for the rpcinfo โp command that lists
the available RPC ports on a remote host.
ยฉ FORESEC
18. FORESEC ACADEMY
Writing Snort Rules
Snort provides the ability to create custom rules, or signatures, to filter on specific
content. The compiled source code provides hundreds of pre-written rules. However,
there might be times when you need to create rules that are not included by default.
Given the fast-paced world of intrusion detection and that new threats are released
on a daily, the ability to quickly write custom rules can often make or break your
career as an information security professional!
Snort rules are simple to write yet powerful enough to capture most types of traffic.
There are five options to keep in mind when writing rules:
โข Pass - This means you wish to drop the packets and take no action.
โข Log - This option allows you to log the particular action to the location
you specified in your snort configuration file (e.g. snort.conf).
โข Alert - This option allows you to send alerts to a central syslog server,
popup windows via SMB or writing the file to a separate alert file. This
alert file is commonly used with tools like Swatch (Simple Watcher) to
alert the analyst to signs of intrusion or electronic tampering. Once the
alert is sent, the packet is logged.
ยฉ FORESEC
19. FORESEC ACADEMY
โข Activate - This option specifies that Snort is to send the alert and then
activate another dynamic rule. For example, Snort can be configured to
dynamically block
ยฉ FORESEC