Download as PDF, PPTX
Uploaded byIlissa Miller
NEDAS DC Educational Summit - the Era of Convergence - Presentation Deck
This document summarizes a summit on in-building wireless held on October 2, 2013 at the Kellogg Conference Hotel. It provides statistics on the growth of the distributed antenna system (DAS) and small cell industry, noting these technologies are important for improving indoor wireless coverage and capacity. It also discusses challenges like obtaining power, real estate and backhaul for these systems. The document concludes that macro cells, small cells and DAS need to work together to provide better overall wireless service, and small cell deployments are expected to grow significantly in the coming years.
More Related Content
Similar to NEDAS DC Educational Summit - the Era of Convergence - Presentation Deck
NEDAS DC Educational Summit - the Era of Convergence - Presentation Deck
- 1. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 2. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University Ilissa Miller, President of the Northeast DAS + Small Cell Associa:on
- 3. Industry Sta,s,cs 98% of wireless operators consider small cell an important component -‐ Informa 16+ million DAS nodes to be deployed through 2016 – Mobile Experts Ac,ve and Passive DAS to rise from $1.24 billion in 2012 to $1.85 billion in 2015 – ABI Research 80+% mobile data usage occurs indoors By 2018, 60% deployments will be outdoors By 2017, there will be 5 million annual shipments of small cells – ARC Chart
- 4. More Industry Sta,s,cs Wireless Infrastructure investments will generate $1.2 Trillion in economic ac,vity and create 1.2 million jobs -‐ PCIA 2012 – 7 million WiFi Access Points Globally 2018 – Grow to 15 million -‐ Berg Insights 92 million units to be deployed by 2016 – Informa Telecoms & Media $22 Billion, total market value by 2016 – Informa Telecoms & Media By 2015, 50% of densifica,on programs will use small cell solu:ons.
- 5. NOTABLE NOTES Project Velocity IP ‘VIP’ = 40,000 small cell deployments 1,000 DAS deployments By the end of 2014 First to install a na:onwide commercial residen,al femtocell service Juniper Networks research reveals U.S. number 4 in LTE penetra,on (aer S. Korea, Japan and Australia)
- 6. DAS vs. Small Cell DAS Small Cell Can cover mul,ple operators, frequency bands and technologies (GSM, CDMA, HSPA, LTE & WiFi) Developed as an eye for leasing (homes, enterprises, metro cells, rural and mul,-‐technology) Deployed by operators, neutral host or landlords Typically serves just one operator & one technology Effec,ve for complex, large deployments Good for piecemeal deployments in smaller spaces Coverage solu,on and supports increased capacity needs Support for hot spots to gain beder coverage & capacity Deployed outdoors & indoors Deployed outdoors & indoors VS. Some similari,es, different technologies, different needs. Both are stronger together as a combined/integrated solu:on.
- 7. Key Challenges VS Challenges for both DAS and small cell deployments are similar: Power / Real Estate / Backhaul -‐ Finding an outdoor site for small cell deployments can be expensive -‐ Lack of access to power -‐ Backhaul solu,ons are expensive and inefficient -‐ Management of a ‘converged’ network of macro cells and small cells is cumbersome -‐ Today’s integrated networks are complex to install -‐ Outdoor deployments complex (can’t just hang a system on a u,lity pole) -‐ Biggest building boom for telecom in years – lack of access to knowledgeable, experienced employees and experts Everything in wireless takes longer!
- 8. Considera,ons: Discerning the Right Solu,on VS -‐ Macro cell network alterna:ve solu:ons/considera:ons -‐ Adding spectrum or carriers -‐ Upgrading to a higher modula,on scheme -‐ Employ sectoriza,on -‐ Small Cells -‐ Experience -‐ Less solu,ons deployed means less experience in the market -‐ Volume – How many devices are being deployed in the field and how will it effect the network -‐ Control of the network – retaining control of the network is a key considera,on to ensuring customer care -‐ DAS -‐ What is it good for? An unclear customer base such as those in entertainment venues, hospitals, arenas, higher educa,on campuses, etc.
- 9. It’s not a DAS vs. Small Cell World VS Not always either/or it could be both/and…. ‘THE ERA OF CONVERGENCE’ -‐ Small cells are just one part of the larger array of op,ons -‐ Macro cell sharing solu,ons could spawn interest in small cell sharing models -‐ Wireless Technology is as essen,al as plumbing, hea,ng and ligh,ng -‐ DAS is considered the 4th u,lity -‐ Converged architecture brings licenses and unlicensed networks together enabling great coverage and capacity -‐ “I could be used to complement. I don’t see small cells replacing DAS” according to Aditya Kaul, Analyst at ABI Research Macro cell, small cell and DAS all work together to provide beaer capacity and coverage.
- 10. The Future is Bright VS -‐ Small cell deployments will grow faster (because not as many have been deployed so far) -‐ Small cell with distributed macro cell solu,ons are changing the way new LTE RAN will be designed -‐ Small cells are just one part of the larger array of op,ons New Technologies and new business models are constantly changing! -‐ Mul,-‐Standard Metrocells (MSMs) – AT&T’s solu,on deploys small cells in a single unit that combines LTE, HSPA and WiFi -‐ Innova,ve Technologies like Small Cell RAN (Ubiquisys/Cisco) -‐ Alcatel-‐Lucent’s Lightradio Live -‐ Self-‐Organizing Network (SON) technology -‐ Femtocell as a solu,on (FaaS). ABI Research predicts that 10% of regional carriers in the US will us FaaS providers for: -‐ Wholesale delivery of femtocell services AND MUCH MORE!
- 11. Event Announcements New and ‘To-‐Do’ • Travel Coordina,on Board (located by registra,on) • On-‐site renewal of annual sponsorships (see Ilissa Miller) • Annual sponsorship sign up (see Amy Sesol) • The SWAG Corner – stop by for goodies • Great program, excellent people, informa,on galore and networking opportuni,es + + • Just one more thing…
- 12. The Era of Convergence Today wouldn’t be possible without YOU. Thank you.
- 13. MARK YOUR CALENDARS! SAVE THE DATES! JANUARY 15, 2014 Social in Philadelphia APRIL 2, 2014 Educa,onal Conference & Training in New York JULY 16, 2014 Social in Boston OCTOBER 9, 2014 Fall Training and Social
- 14. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 15. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University Moderator: Peter Murray
- 16. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University Pusng the Converged Network Together
- 17. Pusng the Converged Network Together Peter Murray CCI Systems MODERATOR Doug Wiest EdgeConneX PANELISTS Ray Hild Corning Joshua Broder Tilson 10:15am -‐ Pufng the Converged Network Together
- 18. Topics • Small Cell-‐Licensed • DAS • Wi Fi • Integra,ng with the Macro
- 19. Exploding Demand Con,nues to Drive Networks Indoors Generates huge bandwidth demand Implica:on Many more devices that are more powerful • 2G phone – 100 kbps • iPhone – 1s Mbps • Laptop – 10s Mbps Data hungry applica,ons • Video and Internet Data Explosion Implica:on 1.570.20 Bits/ sec/Hz LTE3G 1.570.20 Bits/ sec/Hz LTE3G Drives FTTA & smaller size cells New technology required to meet the demand • 4G needs strong signal for maximum data rate • 4G uses MIMO to increase data rate 4G/MIMO Implica:on Drives networks into buildings >80% of data usage is indoors • Requires networks to be close to users • Trend is towards shared mul,-‐operator / mul,-‐ service networks Indoor Networks Implica:on Drives flexible broadband solu,ons More valuable spectrum required for networks • Mul,ple bands & technologies per operator • Band structure varies by operator/region New Spectrum Bands Operators 19
- 20. The Bandwidth Tsunami con,nues to escalate with a high demand for new alterna,ves. • Operators plan to use a mix of technologies for in-‐building coverage and capacity • Ac,ve DAS is s,ll the leading solu,on Operator Strategies Percentage of respondents planning to use each technology, N=21 Source: InfoneHcs Dec 2011 Operator Survey: Technologies for In-Building $B 77% 14% 23% Fiber Copper DAS Equip CAGR ‘12-‘16 23% Cable Ac,ves Ac,ve DAS Market Source: Mobile Experts 2012 Data Traffic By Technology 20
- 21. Small Cell Sizes Residen:al Femto Enterprise Femto Pico Micro Macro 2 lbs 8 x 10 x 2 Inch 4 lbs 10 x 10 x 4 Inch 10 lbs 16 x 10 x 4 Inch 25 to 35 lbs 19 x 13 x 5 Inch 4-‐8 Users 16-‐32 Users 32-‐128 Users 128-‐256 256+ 250 Feet 100mW DC/POE/USB 250-‐500 Feet 200mW DC/POE 0.25 -‐1 miles 250mW-‐1W POE+/AC/DC 1-‐2 miles 2W-‐6W AC/DC 3+ miles 20+W AC/DC
- 22. Carrier Challenges to Small Cell Deployment • Reduc,on in cost structure • Incumbent site acquisi,on vendors need paradigm shi • Real Estate terms could delay deployment • Opera,onal consistency and tracking • Maintenance • Macro to small cell integra,on and hand-‐offs
- 23. Success Factors for Small Cell Deployment • Site Acquisi,on – Reset expecta,ons of Real Estate owners/managers – Create non-‐monetary trades – Focus on benefits of improved wireless services – Understand ,me/regulatory barriers to street furniture/ poles – Provide turnkey solu,ons – Solve coverage/capacity issues over larger geographies – Use intermediary underlying agreements
- 24. Challenges: Pole & Conduit Access • Regulatory authority and compe,,on for access • Mul,ple u,lity owners • Make-‐ready construc,on/conges,on
- 25. Success Factors for Small Cell Deployment • Backhaul • Provide aggrega,on alterna,ves • Reduces the impact of price compression • Provides overall reduc,on in cost • Provide interconnect alterna,ves • Minimize new construc,on • Seek technical alterna,ves • Tethered Fiber, Coax. Copper • Untethered (Microwave) Licensed Line of sight, near line of sight, non-‐line of sight Unlicensed
- 26. Adaching: Exis,ng Towers vs. Poles VS.
- 27. • Supports Core CellularTechnologies • Ability to Expand • Future Ready • Wi-Fi Offload Capability • Additional Services • Capacity Enhancement • Technology Upgrade • Flexible Footprint • Modularity • Simplified Installation • Easy Maintenance CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS • Advanced technologies will be needed to increase capacity of DAS and quality of DAS signals • MIMO • Bandwidth • SON • Wi-‐Fi offload capability is an important need • Ability to support next genera,on WLAN technologies • 60GHz Wi-‐Fi is next • Applica,ons are cri,cal to opera,onal efficiency • Operators generate new revenues from enterprise • Customer reten,on is cri,cal Capacity Enhancement High-‐Speed WLAN Applica,ons WMTS LBS / PS Next Genera,on and Future Wireless Network Needs 27
- 28. ICU Next Gen HEU The Op,mum “Solu,on” Enables Streamlined In-‐Building Heterogeneous Networks U,lizing DAS, Small Cells, and WiFi BTS (DAS) C O R E M O B I L E N E T W O R K WiFi APs Femtocell Gateway MDF IDF BBU (Cube) Building Ethernet Switch (Femto/WiFi) DAS CPRI ECU Fiber Cable Fiber/Copper Composite Cable Next Gen RAUs BBU/RRU (DAS) RRUs (e.g., ALU Cube) Femtocells 28
- 29. Who Pays? © 2013 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 29 Venue Owner Third Party Neutral Host Carrier Owned / Single Carrier Carrier Owned / Neutral Host One Time Capital Cost Yes Yes Yes Yes Monthly Recurring Costs Maintenance & Repairs $ Yes Yes Yes Own / Operate Yes Yes Yes Yes Manage Carriers Must Yes Yes Yes Open Mul,-‐Carrier Network Depends Yes No Yes Network Opera,ons Center (NOC) No / Sub Contractor $ Yes Yes Yes Network Upgrades Yes, though $ Yes Yes Yes Design / Deploy Yes / Sub Contractor $ Yes Yes Yes
- 30. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 31. Network Break & Lunch Join us for Networking in the Exhibit Area 12:00pm Lunch in the Ballroom Sponsored by: We return for presentaHons at 1:00pm
- 32. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University Moderator: Douglas J Barned, UES
- 33. ROI Analysis – Does a DAS or Small Cell Network Deployment Pay? Douglas Barne9 Universal Electrical Services MODERATOR Benoit Fleury iBwave PANELISTS Rene Pachinghayag AT&T Bob Butchko RF Connect 1:00pm -‐ ROI Analysis – Does a DAS or Small Cell Network Deployment Pay? Chris Graff SOLiD
- 34.
- 35. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 36. DAS/WiFi/Small Cell Solu,ons for Hi-‐Rise Residen,al Applica,ons David Bronston Phillips Lytle MODERATOR PANELISTS Douglas Fishman SQUAN Ronald Plecas CommScope 2:15pm – DAS/WiFi/Small Cell Solu:ons for Hi-‐Rise Residen:al Applica:ons Robert Lopez RCC Consultants John Celentano TESSCO
- 37. The Problem -‐ Wireless vs. Wireline • 51.7 percent of U.S. homes don’t have or didn’t use their landlines in the first half of 2012. And this is expected to con,nue to increase.
- 38. The Problem – Mobile Data Usage • According to Heavy Reading (trade publica,on) 50% of all mobile data usage is at home in 2011; by 2016 projected to be 65%. • According to Pew Research, 66% of 18-‐29 year olds have Smartphones, 45% of total adults have Smartphones. • Smartphone and Tablet users require between 50 to 120 ,mes capacity of standard cellphones. • According to Ericsson and GigaOm, data now accounts for 85% of all cellular traffic. Summary: Mobile data usage will grow dramaHcally and indoor-‐ at home wireless service is, or will become very important.
- 39. The Problem – Green Buildings • Energy efficient windows (“Low E Glass”) effec,vely block a significant amount of wireless (RF) signals from entering/leaving buildings resul,ng in poor coverage.
- 40. The Solu,on -‐ DAS • Advantages of DAS for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Single antenna system supports mul,ple carriers and technologies (minimal visual impact) – Install once, future changes all in Head End (invisible to residents) – Poten,al synergy with current/future Public Safety requirements – Centralize ac,ve elements (no need to access residents private space aPer iniHal installaHon)
- 41. The Solu,on -‐ DAS • Challenges of DAS for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Keeping antennas “hidden” – Cost, including DAS and BTS/Repeater equipment • ROI model for WSP is weak • Strategic value? – Space alloca,on (IDF closets and Head End Room) – and associated “cost”
- 42. The Solu,on – Small Cells • Advantages of Small Cells for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Low cost per unit (Few thousand $$) – Ease of installa,on – No need for a Head End Room (saving on real estate)
- 43. The Solu,on – Small Cells • Challenges of Small Cells for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Keeping the quan,ty required to a minimum • One Small Cell = one WSP • One Small Cell = one technology (currently) • Limited power = limited coverage area • Limited capacity – Backhaul – requires Ethernet connec,vity from each Small Cell back to the WSP switching network – Maintenance, especially if Small Cells are installed in apartments
- 44. The Solu,on -‐ WiFi • Advantages of WiFi for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Low Cost (especially for private wireless routers) – High speed and large capacity available (100 Mbps per user), with higher speeds imminent (802.11ac) – One technology -‐ Supports all Smartphones, tablets, Roku, xBox, AppleTV, etc.
- 45. The Solu,on – Small Cells • Challenges of WiFi for Residen,al Hi-‐Rise Applica,ons – Interference/Reliability – Lack of connec,vity to WSPs • May change soon – Hotspot 2.0
- 46. Conclusions • DAS vs Small Cells* – DAS for larger buildings (500,000 sq or larger) – Small cells for smaller buildings (100,000 sq or less) – Case-‐by-‐case determina,on for 100,000-‐500,000 sq buildings • Deploy managed WiFi in common and amenity spaces *IGR Research, U.S. DAS Total Addressable Market, 2012-‐2017: The Large Building and Venue Opportunity, presentaHon at DAS in AcHon, April 2013.
- 47. Small Cell Comparison Chart Solu:on Descrip:on Technology Approx. # Users Approx. Cell Radius DAS Typically fed by a macro or micro base sta,on. High power, mul,-‐frequency, mul,-‐ carrier. UMTS HSPA+ LTE Up to 1,800 users per base sta,on Up to 3 miles Wi-‐Fi A wireless access point connects a group of wireless devices to an adjacent wired LAN. 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n Up to 200 users per a 3-‐radio access point 65 feet Microcell Short-‐range base sta,on used for enhancing indoor and/or outdoor coverage. UMTS HSPA+ 32 to 200 users Up to ≈1 mile Metrocell High-‐capacity, low power device that fills in coverage holes within buildings. UMTS HSPA+ 16 to 32 users 10,000 – 20,000 square feet Picocell Typically used for indoor applica,ons such as office buildings, airports, and malls. UMTS 32 users Up to 750 feet Femtocell A small, low-‐power cellular base sta,on typically used for a home or small business. UMTS 4-‐6 users 40 feet
- 48. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 49. Networking Coffee Break Join us for Networking in the Exhibit Area Coffee Break and Warm Pretzels Sponsored by: We return for presentaHons at 3:30pm
- 50. Budget Approved! What Happens (should happen) Once the Customer Says Yes Kevin Kurz Anixter MODERATOR PANELISTS Walter Cannon Metro Network Services Rick Baldasarre Vision Technologies 3:30pm – Budget Approved! What Happens (should happen) Once the Customer Says Yes Mike Brownson HUTTON
- 51. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University Moderator: Andy Germano, VP -‐ Small Cell Forum
- 52. Peering Into the Future: How Does the Prevalence of VOLTE, WIFI, eMBMS, Carrier Aggrega,on & New Spectrum Opportuni,es Shape the Future? Andy Germano Small Cell Forum MODERATOR PANELISTS Jeff Thompson Towerstream James Zik PCTEL 4:45pm – Peering Into the Future: How Does the Prevalence of VOLTE, WIFI, eMBMS, Carrier Aggrega:on & New Spectrum Opportuni:es Shape the Future? Prasad Ravi INOC Ahmed Abogendia ATEC Wireless
- 53. The Small Cell Forum Aims Ecosystem Development Market Education Driving open standards Promoting & enabling small cell technology based on licensed spectrum, operator managed, edge-based intelligence Not-for-profit, founded in 2007 Independent, Inclusive, International 67 operators covering 3B mobile subscribers – 44% of global total 83 small cell technology providers representing all parts of ecosystem
- 54.
- 55. Mo:va:ons for Small Cells • Consumers increasingly sensitive to coverage • Dramatic growth in mobile broadband • Operator need to meet demand quickly at lower cost-per-bit Explosion of internet connected devices Exponen:al growth of mobile data traffic Source: Signals Research Group Traffic increasingly indoors Home Office Out of home / office On the move Source: Informa >80% indoors
- 56. » Improved coverage » Greater capacity » Spectrum efficiency » New applica:ons • These benefits apply equally in the home (femtocells), office (enterprise) or outside environments (metro, rural) • Devices remain under control of licensed network operators and operate within their own spectrum Benefits of small cells 56
- 57. Traffic offload via small cells 21% 56% 75% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 1x 4x 10x % traffic on small cells Small cells per macrocell Results from recently published SCF white paper www.scf.io
- 58. User experience improvements with public access small cells 58% 315% 523% 31% 138% 246% 0% 100% 200% 300% 400% 500% 600% 1 4 10 All Users Macro Users % increase in median throughput over macrocells alone Small cells per macrocell
- 59. eMBMs Ahmed Abogendia, ATEC Wireless
- 60. Wireless Ecosystem New Technology New infrastructure and Mobile devices Higher Throughput Throughput Demanding apps More Spectrum
- 61. E-‐MBMs • Evolved Mul,media Broadcast Mul,cast Services (MBMS) is a point-‐to-‐mul,point interface for exis,ng and upcoming 3GPP cellular networks, which is designed to provide efficient delivery of broadcast and mul,cast services, both within a cell as well as within the core network. • The service is aimed at reducing network load when there's some traffic workload that everyone on the network in either a single cell, region, or en,re network are likely to watch or view
- 62. Smart use to the spectrum
- 63. Applica,ons Broadcast transmission across mul,ple cells, it defines transmission via single-‐frequency network configura,ons. Applica,ons include: – Mobile TV and radio broadcas,ng – File delivery – Emergency alerts
- 64. Applica,ons • Venue-‐specific broadcast – Sports / arena only – Rich media: mul,ple cameras, replays, sta,s,cs • Region-‐specific broadcast – Home team games – Local events/news • Na,on-‐wide broadcast – World Cup and Super Bowl – Breaking news – Emergency alerts
- 65. When? • Verizon announces 2014 to offer eMBMs service on its LTE network • "You'll see it mature in scale within the three-‐year ,me horizon," AT&T CEO Randall Stephenson
- 66. Support Prasad Ravi, INOC
- 67. And now the fun begins – Support! • Design, Deployment, Tes,ng, Produc,on… • Ongoing Support – Network – DAS, Small Cell, Macro, WiFi, Microwave – Ethernet, SONET, DWDM – IP, MPLS – T1/E1, T3/E3 • Ongoing Support – User – Android, iOS, Mac OS, Windows How are we to support all these technologies and user environments?
- 68. Observa,ons and thoughts on Support Tier 1 NOC Support Incident Management Trouble Ticketing, Notification, Escalation, Third-Party Management, Troubleshooting Tier 2 and 3 NOC Support Problem Management, Change Management, Performance Management Help Desk Support Smartphones, Tablets, Laptops Connectivity, Application Support Reporting &Analysis Users Infrastructure Monitoring Systems Support Structure
- 69. Observa,ons and thoughts on Support (Contd…) PERIODIC REVIEW 13% DOCUMENTATION 5% INCIDENT MANAGEMENT 25% 24x7 EVENT MONITORING 39% CALLS/E-‐MAILS 18% NOC Support Ac:vity by Category
- 70. Observa,ons and thoughts on Support (Contd…) NOC Support Ac:vity by Support Tier PERIODIC REVIEW-‐Tier 1 3% DOCUMENTATION-‐Tier 1 2% INCIDENT MANAGEMENT-‐Tier 1 7% 24x7 EVENT MONITORING-‐Tier 1 39% CALLS/E-‐MAILS-‐Tier 1 14% PERIODIC REVIEW-‐Tier 2/3 10% DOCUMENTATION-‐Tier 2/3 3% INCIDENT MANAGEMENT-‐Tier 2/3 18% CALLS/E-‐MAILS-‐Tier 2/3 4%
- 71. VoLTE James Zik, PCTEL
- 72. VoLTE • VoLTE: The promise of LTE – One flat IP network for both voice and data • VoLTE first deployment: MetroPCS (2012), Verizon (2014) – VoLTE/IMS for call control • VoLTE requirements – 2G-‐3G voice quality (beder than VOIP which is best effort) – Low latency – RAN Op,miza,on goal (SINR 10 dB over 90% of coverage area) Customers will evaluate the network based on the QoE of the voice network
- 73. VoLTE OSI Layers Physical Transport Network Link Applica:on Presenta:on Session 1 4 3 2 7 6 5 Voice Applica,ons SIP, RTP TCP, UDP IP, RRC, NAS MAC, RLC, PDCP OFDM, LTE, etc. 2G/3G Dedicated Voice Bearers IP, RRC, NAS MAC, RLC, PDCP OFDM, WCDMA 4G Dedicated Data Bearers
- 74. VoLTE Enablers Why VoLTE is not just another VOIP Service • QoS – Dedicated data bearer – Dynamic scheduler at base sta,on – Quality of Class Indicator (QCI) for sesng priority • RAN Enhancements – Semi-‐persistent scheduler – Transmission Timing Interval (TTI) – Robust Header Compression (RoHC) • IP Mul,media Subsystem (IMS) – Session Ini,a,on Protocol (SIP) – Policy and Changing Rules Func,on (PCRF) – Real ,me transport protocol (RTP) – Real-‐,me Streaming Protocol (RTSP)
- 75. New Spectrum Opportuni,es • US Spectrum Opportuni,es – 600 MHz Band via FCC incen,ve auc,on (2014) • Up to 126 MHz of spectrum from UHF analog TV – 1695 to 1710 MHz (15 MHz) 2015 FCC target – 3500 Band up to 100 MHz of spectrum for small cells (2015 FCC target) • Shared with military and marine radar systems in coastal regions • EMEA Spectrum Opportuni,es – 700/800 Digital Dividend (E-‐UTRA Bands 20, 28 and 44) • Available due the transi,on from analog TV to Digital • Under review at the Wireless Radio Communica,on Conf. (2015) – 1700 and 2100 band (25 MHz each)
- 76. Spectrum Proper,es • Not all spectrum bands are created equal – Lower frequency bands (450 -‐ 900 MHz) • Travels long distance for coverage • Good building and foliage penetra,on – Higher frequencies (1700 – 2600 MHz) • Poor distance coverage • Poor building and foliage penetra,on – 2600 MHz typically requires 9x number of antennas to provide the same coverage as 700 MHz • Rural areas (key factor is coverage) – Lower frequency band beder • Urban areas (key factor is capacity) – Will require large number of cells anyway to provide coverage – LTE uses 1:1 frequency reuse, more interference issues with lower frequencies • In-‐building (key factor maybe capacity (stadium) or coverage (conven,on center)) vs 2600 MHz 700 MHz
- 77. Spectrum Usage in LTE-‐Advanced • LTE-‐Advanced (Hetnets) – Geo-‐locate hotspots in a sector and add a small cell to improve capacity – If using same band, requires inter-‐cell interference coordina,on (complex) – Prefer to use high frequency band (3500 MHz) for Small Cell • No interference issues or coordina,on required and doesn’t travel far Macro Cell Small Cell Low throughput around edges without interference coordina,on – In-‐Building (Stadium Example) Poor separa,on between yellow and red sectors Employing separate bands (AWS and 3500) reduces noise (higher SINR) thereby maximizes throughput (capacity) AWS 3500
- 78. How do we Maximum Capacity? 78 More Spectrum • Limited licensed spectrum available • Expensive Migra,on to LTE LTE MIMO Increased Cell Density Spectrum Efficiency • Largest and fastest return on investment • Beder spectral efficiency, throughput improvement Op,miza,on Must employ all of these solu:ons to solve the spectrum crunch • Carrier grade WiFi and backhaul required • 33% of mobile traffic in 2012 (Cisco VNI Mobile 2013) WiFi/Femto Cell Offload • Small Cells and DAS (expensive) • Backhaul required to each cell/DAS • Migra,on to LTE and LTE Advanced • LTE MIMO
- 79. Spectrum in a 5G/6G World • 5G/6G Requirements (2020 and beyond) – 10 – 100x data rates (10 Gb/s download speeds) – 1000x capacity/area – 100 Gb cell capacity • Spectrum Opportuni,es (to achieve high data rates) – Microwave (3 GHz – 30 GHz) and Millimeter Band (30 GHz – 300 GHz) • 24 GHz – 40 GHz currently being inves,gated • Line-‐of-‐sight and short distances (1m -‐ 60m realis,cally) • Severely affected by rain, fog, snow, foliage, etc. – Lots of spectrum is available • WiFi Offload – 802.11ad (WiGig) • 60 GHz spectrum with a range of <10m (7 Gbps download, up to 25 Gbps) Next Genera:on mobile technology will be primarily for in-‐building use
- 80. Summary and Conclusions • Spectrum is a finite and expensive resource – The Radio Access Network (RAN) is the most cri,cal piece of the mobile network • Air environment is an uncontrolled medium unlike fiber or copper • Subject to environmental condi,ons • Anyone can generate a source of interference • 1°variance in antenna azimuth or ,lt can result in 10 dB signal difference (dropped calls or Mb/s reduc,on in data throughput) • Op,miza,on of in-‐building RAN must be done during deployment – Unable to get access to the building later for op,miza,on • Next Genera,on Mobile Technology will be in-‐building centric Mobile networks will become so cri:cal that future RANs will have live network monitoring of the over-‐the-‐air signal DAS will be at the center of Next Genera:on Mobile Networks
- 81. Q & A Peering Into the Future: How Does the Prevalence of VoLTE, WiFi, eMBMS, Carrier Aggrega:on and New Spectrum Opportuni:es Shape the Future?
- 82.
- 83. WiFi 802.11 protocol Release Freq. (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) Data rate (Mbit/s) MIMO — Jun 1997 2.4 20 1, 2 1 a Sep 1999 5 20 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 1 3.7 b Sep 1999 2.4 20 1, 2, 5.5, 11 1 g Jun 2003 2.4 20 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 1 n Oct 2009 2.4/5 20 7.2, 14.4, 21.7, 28.9, 43.3, 57.8, 65, 72.2 4 40 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 135, 150 ac Dec 2012 5 20 up to 87.6 8 40 up to 200 80 up to 433.3 160 up to 866.7 ad ~Feb 2014 2.4/5/60 up to 6912 (6.75Gb/s)
- 84. Mega Trends Mobile Data Traffic by Applica,on 2018 Source: Ericsson Mobility Report, June 2013
- 85.
- 86.
- 87.
- 88. Poten,al New Bands • Small Cell Band • 600 MHz
- 89. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University
- 90. Networking Recep,on Join us for Cocktails in the Exhibit Area Cocktails and Hors d’oeuvres Sponsored by: We ret SAVE THE DATES! JANUARY 15, 2014 Social in Philadelphia APRIL 2, 2014 Educa,onal Conference & Training in New York JULY 16, 2014 Social in Boston OCTOBER 9, 2014 Fall Training and Social
- 91. WASHINGTON D.C. IN-BUILDINGWIRELESS EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT October 2, 2013 Kellogg Conference Hotel at Gallaudet University