This document discusses the challenges of scaling out and scaling up technologies for agriculture. Scaling out involves the geographic expansion of niche technologies, while scaling up requires engaging more stakeholders and working at larger scales which needs institutional and policy support. Some criteria for successful scaling include technologies being demand-based, adaptable, simple, and providing direct benefits to farmers. When deciding what to scale out, options that have proven high impact on livelihoods and can fit existing institutional arrangements should be considered. Key challenges are matching technologies to the right contexts, understanding adoption criteria, and targeting technologies to livelihood needs.

1. Challenges for scaling out and scaling up An Notenbaert (ILRI) NBDC Stakeholder Forum 5 October 2011

2. Scaling-out and scaling-up Scaling out : geographic expansion Niche oriented Scaling up Involves more stakeholder Larger scales Needs institutional and policy support

3. How to identify criteria for successes? Criteria Demand based Technically, socially and economically feasible Flexibility (can be adapted) Simple = “manageable” Having direct benefit for the farmer Looking at examples of spontaneous spreading Look at the package (components of the technology)

4. What to out-scale? High impact “proven” technologies In terms of livelihood “ elasticity of technologies” Technologies that can be easily adopted to existing institutional arrangements

5. Challenges Match right niche-technology Understand criterias of adoption Target the technology need for a livelihood