In this presentation you will learn "The 4 General Principles of ESIGN" and the difference between UETA and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN).
Firms that have adopted E-Sign Law and Technology in their practice typically have faster client-engagement times, lower overhead costs, a happier staff, and, most importantly, happier clients.
This E-Signatures Laws and Technology CLE addresses the authentication of scanned and emailed signatures, including scenarios specific to the practice of law. The seminar will give you a survey understanding of laws behind electronic signature laws, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN Act; 15 U.S.C. 96) and Georgia’s adoption of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA; O.C.G.A. Sec. 10-12-1 et. seq). The seminar further discusses the audit technology you should have in place for digitally received signed documents.
This document is a table of contents for a compilation of answers to bar examination questions in Mercantile Law from 1990 to 2006. It lists 117 topics related to Mercantile Law, including Banking Law, Corporation Law, Bulk Sales Law, and others. For each topic, it provides the year and page number for the corresponding question and answer. The purpose is to provide law students access to past bar questions and answers organized by subject area.
In this presentation you will learn "The 4 General Principles of ESIGN" and the difference between UETA and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN)
If you’re involved with the life sciences industry, odds are you’ve heard the term “21 CFR Part 11.” You may have gathered that it’s a set of regulations related to computer systems, but unless you work in a compliance group, you might not understand what it’s about or why it’s important.
In our webinar, Sally Miranker, head of computer system validation in Perficient’s life sciences practice, "decoded" the secrets of 21 CFR Part 11 on this somewhat mysterious set of regulations.
Building on our popular blog post series, Sally explained the regulations in layman’s terms and offered implementation insights and case study examples.
This document outlines quality system requirements for national pharmaceutical inspection services that conduct GMP inspections of manufacturers and wholesale distributors. It specifies that inspection services must establish a quality manual, administrative structure, documentation control, records management, inspection procedures and resources, internal audits, quality improvement processes, and procedures for handling complaints and recalls. The goal is to achieve consistency in inspection standards across national authorities to facilitate mutual recognition and confidence between inspection services.
This document provides guidance on clinical investigation of medicinal products in pediatric populations. It outlines key issues to consider in pediatric drug development, including:
- Timing of pediatric studies based on disease severity and availability of alternative treatments
- Need for pediatric formulations that allow accurate dosing and enhance compliance
- Types of studies including pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and long-term safety
It also discusses important ethical considerations like informed consent, minimizing risk and distress, and recruitment. The addendum provides approaches to optimize pediatric drug development, such as using existing knowledge, extrapolation, and modelling/simulation to design efficient clinical trials. Special pediatric formulation needs for neonates are also addressed.
mediation in india negotiation in india chartered accountants india alternative dispute resolution ADR kritika krishnamurthy anuroop omkar Lakshmikumaran & Sridharan
This document discusses solitary confinement and its emotional and physical effects on inmates. It notes that inmates can spend years in solitary confinement with only brief contact from prison staff once per day. The psychological effects of solitary confinement include anxiety, headaches, anger, confused thinking, and social withdrawal. Physiological effects include gastrointestinal, heart, urinary, and migraine issues as well as fatigue. The conclusion states there is evidence that solitary confinement for extended periods negatively impacts inmate health, so prisons must take steps to care for all inmates.
Jurisprudence - Devlin, Mill and Hart Regarding Moral and Lawsurrenderyourthrone
Devlin argues that society is entitled to enforce a shared morality through law in order to preserve social cohesion. Mill believes that law should only prevent harm to others and cannot be used to enforce morality or paternalism. Hart criticizes Devlin's view that changes in morality threaten social order. While Hart accepts limited paternalism to prevent physical harm, he rejects using law solely to enforce morality.
This document is a table of contents for a compilation of answers to bar examination questions in Mercantile Law from 1990 to 2006. It lists 117 topics related to Mercantile Law, including Banking Law, Corporation Law, Bulk Sales Law, and others. For each topic, it provides the year and page number for the corresponding question and answer. The purpose is to provide law students access to past bar questions and answers organized by subject area.
In this presentation you will learn "The 4 General Principles of ESIGN" and the difference between UETA and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN)
If you’re involved with the life sciences industry, odds are you’ve heard the term “21 CFR Part 11.” You may have gathered that it’s a set of regulations related to computer systems, but unless you work in a compliance group, you might not understand what it’s about or why it’s important.
In our webinar, Sally Miranker, head of computer system validation in Perficient’s life sciences practice, "decoded" the secrets of 21 CFR Part 11 on this somewhat mysterious set of regulations.
Building on our popular blog post series, Sally explained the regulations in layman’s terms and offered implementation insights and case study examples.
This document outlines quality system requirements for national pharmaceutical inspection services that conduct GMP inspections of manufacturers and wholesale distributors. It specifies that inspection services must establish a quality manual, administrative structure, documentation control, records management, inspection procedures and resources, internal audits, quality improvement processes, and procedures for handling complaints and recalls. The goal is to achieve consistency in inspection standards across national authorities to facilitate mutual recognition and confidence between inspection services.
This document provides guidance on clinical investigation of medicinal products in pediatric populations. It outlines key issues to consider in pediatric drug development, including:
- Timing of pediatric studies based on disease severity and availability of alternative treatments
- Need for pediatric formulations that allow accurate dosing and enhance compliance
- Types of studies including pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and long-term safety
It also discusses important ethical considerations like informed consent, minimizing risk and distress, and recruitment. The addendum provides approaches to optimize pediatric drug development, such as using existing knowledge, extrapolation, and modelling/simulation to design efficient clinical trials. Special pediatric formulation needs for neonates are also addressed.
mediation in india negotiation in india chartered accountants india alternative dispute resolution ADR kritika krishnamurthy anuroop omkar Lakshmikumaran & Sridharan
This document discusses solitary confinement and its emotional and physical effects on inmates. It notes that inmates can spend years in solitary confinement with only brief contact from prison staff once per day. The psychological effects of solitary confinement include anxiety, headaches, anger, confused thinking, and social withdrawal. Physiological effects include gastrointestinal, heart, urinary, and migraine issues as well as fatigue. The conclusion states there is evidence that solitary confinement for extended periods negatively impacts inmate health, so prisons must take steps to care for all inmates.
Jurisprudence - Devlin, Mill and Hart Regarding Moral and Lawsurrenderyourthrone
Devlin argues that society is entitled to enforce a shared morality through law in order to preserve social cohesion. Mill believes that law should only prevent harm to others and cannot be used to enforce morality or paternalism. Hart criticizes Devlin's view that changes in morality threaten social order. While Hart accepts limited paternalism to prevent physical harm, he rejects using law solely to enforce morality.
The document summarizes key aspects of The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 in India. It defines important terms like wages, employee, employer, appropriate government. It outlines the process for fixing and revising minimum wage rates which can include committees and allowing public feedback. Rates can vary by location, age, work type. It also addresses payment of wages, working hours and overtime provisions. The act established an Advisory Board to coordinate wage committees and advise on wage matters.
Formal Meetings between the FDA and Sponsors or ApplicantsAakashdeep Raval
This document discusses guidelines for formal meetings between drug and biologics sponsors/applicants and the FDA. There are three types of meetings - Type A for stalled development programs, Type B for key milestones, and Type C for other issues. Type A meetings should occur within 30 days, Type B within 60 days, and Type C within 75 days of an FDA request. Meeting requests must include an agenda, questions, and lists of attendees to allow the FDA to assess utility and identify necessary staff. The guidelines aim to promote efficient management of meetings between regulators and industry.
Child abuse refers to harm caused to a child by a parent or caregiver through action or lack of action. Common causes of child abuse include a parent's own history of childhood abuse, unrealistic expectations of parenting responsibilities, lack of social support and isolation, stress from financial problems and mental illness, and substance abuse issues. While the reasons for abuse may vary, child abuse can never be justified and efforts must be made to prevent it and support protective measures for children.
Cybercrime Investigations and IT Act,2000Karnika Seth
This document provides an overview of the legal framework for cybercrime investigations in India. It discusses the Information Technology Act 2000 and 2008 amendments, which provide the main legal statutes governing cybercrimes. The amendments aimed to address new cybercrimes, strengthen evidence collection and increase accountability of intermediaries. Key aspects covered include cybercrime definitions, investigating agency powers, adjudicating authorities, and responsibilities of network service providers.
The document discusses wireless trends in medical devices and technologies. It covers increasing wireless approvals, regulatory changes, new standards, and emerging wireless medical technologies including wearables, inductive devices, medical body area networks (MBAN), and wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS). Risks of wireless medical devices are also mentioned.
Privacy right under it act, 2000 and under other lawNitya Nand Pandey
After coming the computer age our privacy is not so secure. We are bening followed and traced if we are using multimedia mobile with internet connection. What are the remedies against this, this Notes reply.
1. The document provides cyber safety tips for parents, including monitoring children's computer use, keeping computers in common areas, discussing online activities, and making children feel comfortable coming to parents.
2. It advises children to not communicate with or meet strangers online, and to tell parents if strangers contact them. Children should also avoid sharing personal information without permission.
3. Additionally, it lists some cyber safety games for children to play to help teach them safe online behaviors.
Quality Control for Medical Device Software - It Arena Lviv PresentationRoman Lavriv
This document discusses quality control for medical device software. It covers:
1) Regulations that govern medical device software from standards organizations like the FDA and IEC.
2) The V-model process for requirements, design, verification, and validation.
3) The importance of verification and validation, including static and dynamic testing, to ensure the software meets requirements and functions as intended.
International Covenants on Child Rights and ProtectionNilendra Kumar
1. The document discusses various international conventions, declarations, and guidelines related to children's rights over time from the 18th century onwards.
2. It outlines key documents like the Geneva Declaration of 1924, UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989 which established core principles of children's rights.
3. Regional bodies like ASEAN and SAARC have also adopted agreements to cooperate on issues like preventing trafficking of children and upholding children's welfare.
The document provides an overview of medical device regulations in ASEAN countries. It discusses the ASEAN Medical Device Directive (AMDD), which provides harmonized regulations across ASEAN nations. It outlines the medical device classification system and regulatory registration procedure, including requirements for quality systems and clinical evaluation/investigation. Key aspects covered are the ASEAN Common Submission Dossier Template for product registration and ISO 13485 standards for quality management systems.
This document summarizes key aspects of RA 9262 or the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004, including definitions of terms, parties protected under the law, acts considered violence, processes for obtaining protection orders, roles and responsibilities of relevant agencies, and penalties for non-compliance. It defines violence against women and children, outlines who can be considered offenders and victims, and describes the different types of violence addressed by the law. The summary also provides an overview of the protection order process and Inter-Agency Council tasked with eliminating violence against women and children.
The document is a deed of sale for the transfer of ownership of a property. A deed of sale is a legally binding document that proves the buyer and seller have agreed to the sale or purchase of an immovable property. It contains important details like the names of the parties involved, the address and description of the property, the purchase price, payment terms, and conditions that must be met for the sale to be valid. The deed of sale legally transfers ownership of the property from the seller to the buyer in exchange for a price paid in full or in installments.
The document discusses Facebook addiction, noting that over half a billion people log onto Facebook daily and the average user spends around an hour on the site. It outlines signs of addiction like constantly checking for updates and prioritizing Facebook over other commitments. A study developed the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale to diagnose addiction based on how often users experience feelings like an urge to use Facebook more or using it to forget problems. The document advises that admitting you have a problem is the first step, then limiting daily usage and treating Facebook as a pastime rather than necessity can help overcome addiction.
Difference between fda 21 cfr part 820 and ISO 13485Anil Chaudhari
The document compares FDA 21 CFR Part 820 and ISO 13485 quality management standards. ISO 13485 is an international voluntary standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization needs to demonstrate its ability to provide medical devices and services that consistently meet regulatory requirements. In contrast, FDA 21 CFR Part 820 outlines current good manufacturing practice regulations in the US that govern the design, manufacture, and distribution of medical devices to ensure safety and effectiveness. Key differences include ISO 13485 being a global voluntary standard while FDA 21 CFR Part 820 is mandatory for medical device manufacturers selling products in the US.
The document discusses the legal provisions around search and seizure in India, including obtaining search warrants, conducting searches with and without warrants, general procedures that must be followed, and restrictions. Key points covered include the circumstances for issuing search warrants, required procedures for conducting searches, and limitations on searches without warrants to prevent abuse of power.
Lesson 21 Legal Framework Governing Company Secretaries : Company Law By dipt...Dipti Dhakul
Chapter V of the Company Secretaries Act, 1980 (the Act). 21, 21A, 21B, 21C and 22 and First and Second Schedule to the Act and Rules
Disciplinary Directorate, Board of Discipline, Disciplinary Committee, Appeal to Authority and GUIDELINES FOR ADVERTISEMENT BY COMPANY SECRETARY IN PRACTICE
Ma. Lorelie B. Aglabtin affirms in an affidavit that she is the biological mother of Michlore Gjerzhon B. Aglabtin. She states that the child's father, Michael E. Aglabtin, abandoned them in 2014 and has not provided any financial support since. Ma. Lorelie Aglabtin further attests that she has had sole custody of Michlore Gjerzhon B. Aglabtin since the father left in 2014. She signs the affidavit on August 2nd in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya to affirm the veracity of her statements.
Important Definitions and Inspecting Authorities under The Factories Act, 1948satyabrata patro
The document defines key terms related to the Factories Act of 1948 such as adult, adolescent, child, competent person, hazardous process, and factory. It also describes the inspecting authorities under the Act including Inspectors, Certifying Surgeons, and Safety and Welfare Officers. Inspectors have powers to enter and inspect factories, inquire into accidents, require documents, and exercise other prescribed powers. Certifying Surgeons examine and certify young workers and those in dangerous jobs. Factories of certain sizes are required to employ Safety Officers to ensure workplace health and safety and Welfare Officers to care for worker welfare.
Navigating Electronic Signature Laws In GeorgiaClientSide
In this presentation you will learn “The 4 General Principles of ESIGN” and the difference between UETA and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN).
Firms that have adopted E-Sign Law and Technology in their practice typically have faster client-engagement times, lower overhead costs, a happier staff, and, most importantly, happier clients.
IS Unit 1_Conventional Encryption_Classical Encryption TechniquesSarthak Patel
The document discusses classical encryption techniques such as the Caesar cipher, monoalphabetic substitution cipher, polyalphabetic ciphers like the Vigenère cipher, and the Playfair cipher. It explains the basic concepts of encryption including plaintext, ciphertext, encryption algorithms, decryption algorithms, and symmetric key cryptography. It also covers cryptanalysis techniques like frequency analysis that can be used to break some classical ciphers. The document is intended to introduce basic concepts of encryption as a precursor to studying modern cryptography.
The document summarizes key aspects of The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 in India. It defines important terms like wages, employee, employer, appropriate government. It outlines the process for fixing and revising minimum wage rates which can include committees and allowing public feedback. Rates can vary by location, age, work type. It also addresses payment of wages, working hours and overtime provisions. The act established an Advisory Board to coordinate wage committees and advise on wage matters.
Formal Meetings between the FDA and Sponsors or ApplicantsAakashdeep Raval
This document discusses guidelines for formal meetings between drug and biologics sponsors/applicants and the FDA. There are three types of meetings - Type A for stalled development programs, Type B for key milestones, and Type C for other issues. Type A meetings should occur within 30 days, Type B within 60 days, and Type C within 75 days of an FDA request. Meeting requests must include an agenda, questions, and lists of attendees to allow the FDA to assess utility and identify necessary staff. The guidelines aim to promote efficient management of meetings between regulators and industry.
Child abuse refers to harm caused to a child by a parent or caregiver through action or lack of action. Common causes of child abuse include a parent's own history of childhood abuse, unrealistic expectations of parenting responsibilities, lack of social support and isolation, stress from financial problems and mental illness, and substance abuse issues. While the reasons for abuse may vary, child abuse can never be justified and efforts must be made to prevent it and support protective measures for children.
Cybercrime Investigations and IT Act,2000Karnika Seth
This document provides an overview of the legal framework for cybercrime investigations in India. It discusses the Information Technology Act 2000 and 2008 amendments, which provide the main legal statutes governing cybercrimes. The amendments aimed to address new cybercrimes, strengthen evidence collection and increase accountability of intermediaries. Key aspects covered include cybercrime definitions, investigating agency powers, adjudicating authorities, and responsibilities of network service providers.
The document discusses wireless trends in medical devices and technologies. It covers increasing wireless approvals, regulatory changes, new standards, and emerging wireless medical technologies including wearables, inductive devices, medical body area networks (MBAN), and wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS). Risks of wireless medical devices are also mentioned.
Privacy right under it act, 2000 and under other lawNitya Nand Pandey
After coming the computer age our privacy is not so secure. We are bening followed and traced if we are using multimedia mobile with internet connection. What are the remedies against this, this Notes reply.
1. The document provides cyber safety tips for parents, including monitoring children's computer use, keeping computers in common areas, discussing online activities, and making children feel comfortable coming to parents.
2. It advises children to not communicate with or meet strangers online, and to tell parents if strangers contact them. Children should also avoid sharing personal information without permission.
3. Additionally, it lists some cyber safety games for children to play to help teach them safe online behaviors.
Quality Control for Medical Device Software - It Arena Lviv PresentationRoman Lavriv
This document discusses quality control for medical device software. It covers:
1) Regulations that govern medical device software from standards organizations like the FDA and IEC.
2) The V-model process for requirements, design, verification, and validation.
3) The importance of verification and validation, including static and dynamic testing, to ensure the software meets requirements and functions as intended.
International Covenants on Child Rights and ProtectionNilendra Kumar
1. The document discusses various international conventions, declarations, and guidelines related to children's rights over time from the 18th century onwards.
2. It outlines key documents like the Geneva Declaration of 1924, UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989 which established core principles of children's rights.
3. Regional bodies like ASEAN and SAARC have also adopted agreements to cooperate on issues like preventing trafficking of children and upholding children's welfare.
The document provides an overview of medical device regulations in ASEAN countries. It discusses the ASEAN Medical Device Directive (AMDD), which provides harmonized regulations across ASEAN nations. It outlines the medical device classification system and regulatory registration procedure, including requirements for quality systems and clinical evaluation/investigation. Key aspects covered are the ASEAN Common Submission Dossier Template for product registration and ISO 13485 standards for quality management systems.
This document summarizes key aspects of RA 9262 or the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004, including definitions of terms, parties protected under the law, acts considered violence, processes for obtaining protection orders, roles and responsibilities of relevant agencies, and penalties for non-compliance. It defines violence against women and children, outlines who can be considered offenders and victims, and describes the different types of violence addressed by the law. The summary also provides an overview of the protection order process and Inter-Agency Council tasked with eliminating violence against women and children.
The document is a deed of sale for the transfer of ownership of a property. A deed of sale is a legally binding document that proves the buyer and seller have agreed to the sale or purchase of an immovable property. It contains important details like the names of the parties involved, the address and description of the property, the purchase price, payment terms, and conditions that must be met for the sale to be valid. The deed of sale legally transfers ownership of the property from the seller to the buyer in exchange for a price paid in full or in installments.
The document discusses Facebook addiction, noting that over half a billion people log onto Facebook daily and the average user spends around an hour on the site. It outlines signs of addiction like constantly checking for updates and prioritizing Facebook over other commitments. A study developed the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale to diagnose addiction based on how often users experience feelings like an urge to use Facebook more or using it to forget problems. The document advises that admitting you have a problem is the first step, then limiting daily usage and treating Facebook as a pastime rather than necessity can help overcome addiction.
Difference between fda 21 cfr part 820 and ISO 13485Anil Chaudhari
The document compares FDA 21 CFR Part 820 and ISO 13485 quality management standards. ISO 13485 is an international voluntary standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization needs to demonstrate its ability to provide medical devices and services that consistently meet regulatory requirements. In contrast, FDA 21 CFR Part 820 outlines current good manufacturing practice regulations in the US that govern the design, manufacture, and distribution of medical devices to ensure safety and effectiveness. Key differences include ISO 13485 being a global voluntary standard while FDA 21 CFR Part 820 is mandatory for medical device manufacturers selling products in the US.
The document discusses the legal provisions around search and seizure in India, including obtaining search warrants, conducting searches with and without warrants, general procedures that must be followed, and restrictions. Key points covered include the circumstances for issuing search warrants, required procedures for conducting searches, and limitations on searches without warrants to prevent abuse of power.
Lesson 21 Legal Framework Governing Company Secretaries : Company Law By dipt...Dipti Dhakul
Chapter V of the Company Secretaries Act, 1980 (the Act). 21, 21A, 21B, 21C and 22 and First and Second Schedule to the Act and Rules
Disciplinary Directorate, Board of Discipline, Disciplinary Committee, Appeal to Authority and GUIDELINES FOR ADVERTISEMENT BY COMPANY SECRETARY IN PRACTICE
Ma. Lorelie B. Aglabtin affirms in an affidavit that she is the biological mother of Michlore Gjerzhon B. Aglabtin. She states that the child's father, Michael E. Aglabtin, abandoned them in 2014 and has not provided any financial support since. Ma. Lorelie Aglabtin further attests that she has had sole custody of Michlore Gjerzhon B. Aglabtin since the father left in 2014. She signs the affidavit on August 2nd in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya to affirm the veracity of her statements.
Important Definitions and Inspecting Authorities under The Factories Act, 1948satyabrata patro
The document defines key terms related to the Factories Act of 1948 such as adult, adolescent, child, competent person, hazardous process, and factory. It also describes the inspecting authorities under the Act including Inspectors, Certifying Surgeons, and Safety and Welfare Officers. Inspectors have powers to enter and inspect factories, inquire into accidents, require documents, and exercise other prescribed powers. Certifying Surgeons examine and certify young workers and those in dangerous jobs. Factories of certain sizes are required to employ Safety Officers to ensure workplace health and safety and Welfare Officers to care for worker welfare.
Navigating Electronic Signature Laws In GeorgiaClientSide
In this presentation you will learn “The 4 General Principles of ESIGN” and the difference between UETA and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN).
Firms that have adopted E-Sign Law and Technology in their practice typically have faster client-engagement times, lower overhead costs, a happier staff, and, most importantly, happier clients.
IS Unit 1_Conventional Encryption_Classical Encryption TechniquesSarthak Patel
The document discusses classical encryption techniques such as the Caesar cipher, monoalphabetic substitution cipher, polyalphabetic ciphers like the Vigenère cipher, and the Playfair cipher. It explains the basic concepts of encryption including plaintext, ciphertext, encryption algorithms, decryption algorithms, and symmetric key cryptography. It also covers cryptanalysis techniques like frequency analysis that can be used to break some classical ciphers. The document is intended to introduce basic concepts of encryption as a precursor to studying modern cryptography.
This document summarizes classical encryption techniques such as secret key cryptography, stream ciphers, block ciphers, substitution techniques like the Caesar cipher and Playfair cipher, polyalphabetic ciphers like the Vigenère cipher, and the theoretically unbreakable one-time pad cipher. It explains the basic components and workings of these classical encryption schemes.
Cryptography is the practice of hiding information and involves techniques like secret key cryptography, public key cryptography, and hash functions. New trends in cryptography include elliptic curve cryptography, which uses points on elliptic curves to securely exchange keys, quantum cryptography which uses quantum effects for secure communication, and pairing based cryptography which pairs elements of groups to construct hybrid cryptosystems. The document discusses different encryption techniques, their drawbacks, and the need for new techniques that are more secure against attacks.
This document provides an overview of electronic signatures, including their definition, benefits for realtors and clients, legal validity in California, and how they work using a service like Docusign. The benefits highlighted are saving time by streamlining the signing process between multiple parties, reducing errors, and providing clear copies of documents. It notes that electronic signatures are legally valid in California as long as all parties consent to electronic contracts. The presentation then demonstrates how electronic signatures can be added to documents using Docusign by defining signatories, adding signature fields, and having clients sign from their own devices.
https://mloey.github.io/courses/security2017.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=td_8AM80DUA&list=PLKYmvyjH53q13_6aS4VwgXU0Nb_4sjwuf&index=2&t=37s
We will discuss the following: Symmetric Encryption, Substitution Techniques, Caesar Cipher, Monoalphabetic Cipher, Playfair Cipher, Hill Cipher
Classical Encryption Techniques in Network Securitybabak danyal
The document provides an overview of classical encryption techniques, including: symmetric ciphers that use the same key for encryption and decryption (such as the Caesar cipher, monoalphabetic ciphers like the Playfair cipher, and polyalphabetic ciphers like the Vigenère cipher) as well as transposition techniques that rearrange plaintext; rotor machines like the Enigma that implemented complex polyalphabetic substitution; and steganography that hides messages within other files or messages. The goal is to introduce basic concepts and terminology of encryption to prepare for studying modern cryptography.
Digital Signature, Electronic Signature, How digital signature works, Confidentiality of digital signature, Authenticity of digital signature, Integrity of digital signature, standard of digital signature, Algorithm of digital signature, Mathematical base of digital signature, parameters of digital signature, key computation of digital signature, key generation of digital signature, verification of of digital signature
The Nhill Drought Store was established by the Women's Lounge Group to raise funds for the community through the sale of donated and consigned clothing. In its first few months of operation, the store raised $750-1000 per month for the emergency relief fund. However, the old building requires repairs and upgrades like a change room in order to improve operations. The document outlines challenges for 2007 like building maintenance and identifies partners and supporters that have helped the store become established.
Data Protection Techniques and CryptographyTalha SAVAS
Cryptography:
The study of mathematical techniques related to aspects
of providing information security services (to construct).
Cryptanalysis:
The study of mathematical techniques for attempting to
defeat information security services (to break).
Cryptology:
The study of cryptography and cryptanalysis (both).
Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data.
Cryptography enables you to store sensitive information or transmit it across insecure networks so that it cannot be read by anyone except the intended recipient.
This document discusses classical encryption techniques and principles. It describes how encryption works using a plaintext, encryption algorithm, secret key, and decryption algorithm. It also discusses the importance of key secrecy for security. Additionally, it covers different types of conventional encryption based on the operations used, number of keys, and how plaintext is processed. Finally, it summarizes common attacks on encryption systems like cryptanalysis, brute force attacks, and analyzing plaintext characteristics.
Mobile IP allows devices to move between networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses a home agent and foreign agent to forward data to the device's current location. When a mobile node moves to a new network, it acquires a care-of address and registers this with its home agent so data can be tunneled to it. The home agent intercepts data for the mobile node and encapsulates it for forwarding to the care-of address via direct delivery or through the foreign agent. This allows seamless mobility as the mobile node does not need a new IP address when changing networks.
Powerpoint Search Engine has collection of slides related to specific topics. Write the required keyword in the search box and it fetches you the related results.
Moving towards an electronic real estate transactionDocuSign
This document provides an overview of the legal framework for electronic signatures in real estate transactions in the United States. It discusses the key federal and state laws governing electronic signatures, including the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN) and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA). These laws establish that electronic records and signatures have equal legal validity as paper documents with handwritten signatures. The document also outlines best practices for obtaining proper consent, logically associating signatures with records, record retention, and complying with both electronic signature laws and relevant real estate transaction laws.
Ethics of Online Forms and E-Signatures for AttorneysGreg McLawsen
Did you really ever think you’d see the day when a pen-
and-ink signature on a document, or even an original document, wasn’t required? Well, that day has come – and you need to insure you are not only in compliance with court rules, but also ethics rules. We’ll examine:
• The RPCs relevant to documents and signatures (RPC 1.6 on confidentiality of information), and touch upon on the attorneys duty to supervise associate attorneys, legal support staff, and LLLTs (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, and 5.10)
• The competent use of various e-signature services
• The ethical and technical requirements for safeguarding client signatures
• How to competently and safely complete and submit on-line forms
This presentation was given at the January 22, 2016 annual CLE of the Washington State Bar Association's Solo and Small Practice Section
Back in 2001, there were a lot of Internet Law issues that were just beginning to be explored which is what gave rise to the title "Internet Law: An Expedition" -- what we did not realize back then was that many of those issues would still be evolving 15 years later! For example, this presentation discusses use of email and whether it is safe and appropriate for confidential information; Internet or computer use policies, something that I still discuss frequently, and privacy issues in the employment context. It was fascinating to take a look back down memory lane with these presentation slides.
This document discusses key aspects of electronic governance and digital signatures in India according to the Information Technology Act 2000. It outlines sections of the act that provide legal recognition and validity to electronic records, digital signatures, and electronic transactions with the government. It also discusses sections related to the delivery of e-services, retention of electronic records, publication in an electronic gazette, and audit of electronic documents. The document concludes by discussing some legal issues in e-commerce such as online identity theft, phishing, copyright, and domain name disputes.
1) Electronic contracts are standard form contracts with non-negotiable terms formulated by one party like a manufacturer or service provider. The Information Technology Act, 2000 recognizes the validity of e-contracts.
2) E-contracts can be formed via email exchanges or through websites using clickwrap, browsewrap, or shrinkwrap agreements. However, e-contracts raise issues around jurisdiction, capacity to contract, consent, and meeting of minds.
3) The Information Technology Act and Indian Evidence Act provide for the validity and evidentiary value of e-contracts in India if they meet requirements for identification of parties, subject matter, signatures. However, the laws do not address all aspects of online contracts.
Electronic Signatures and Disclosures: Best Practices for E-SIGN Compliance a...Jonathan Wegner
This presentation provides a detailed background of the similarities and differences between the E-SIGN Act and UETA, as well as best practices for E-SIGN compliance and electronic record keeping for banks, credit unions and other financial Institutions
This document discusses the definition, essential elements, and validity of e-contracts under Indian law. It defines an e-contract as any contract formed through electronic means like email. The key points are:
1. The Indian Contract Act and Information Technology Act recognize the validity of e-contracts and electronic communications/records as legally binding.
2. Essential elements of a valid contract like offer, acceptance, consideration must be present in e-contracts for them to be enforceable.
3. E-contracts can be formed via websites through clickwrap/browsewrap/shrinkwrap agreements or via email exchange. The postal rule of acceptance applies to email.
4. Electronic records and digital signatures have evidentiary
CLE Webinar: eSignature, an overview of legal validity and case lawDocuSign
E-Signature, An Overview of Legal Validity And Case Law: Exploring the adoption, use, and verification of digital and electronic signatures in a statutory and case law framework.
Electronic contracts and electronic signatures under Australian lawrun_frictionless
An electronic signature is a signature which is applied by electronic means to a document in electronic form. Australian law generally recognises that deeds and agreements can be executed via electronic means and by way of an electronic signature.
www.runfrictionless.com
In the light of the rapid technological developments in our world , it has become necessary for states to keep pace with the technological revolution in order for them to become modern and advanced countries, or, at least , to be on the road to become so, by investing in modern technologies of communication of information, and through the development and investment in favor of public services.
There is no doubt that the tremendous revolution that took place in the world of communications has led to a change in the means and methods of business transactions and expressions of the will for what is called now “Electronic Data Interchange”. In lieu of paper documents seeking the legislation of modern developments and keeping up with the technological developments of the countries, Jordanian legislators took the lead among their Arab counterparts and issued the Interim Electronic Transactions Act No. 85 for the year 2011 on 11/12/2001. This legislation comprised of the first Jordanian law in the field of information technology , which was the second Arab law in the field of e-commerce after the Tunisian law making room for other Arab countries, out of which was Dubai which enacted the Act on electronic exchanges and Bahrain which passed the Bahraini law of e-commerce.
The Jordanian legislature came up with this law to put a legal framework that conforms with the international legislative framework in order to regulate the electronic transactions and to recognize all means of electronic data and electronic signatures in terms of their validity or invalidity. Moreover, the objective was the establishment of legal obligations on one side and the recognition electronic records on the other side.
The Electronic Transactions Act allowed the establishment of authorities of authentication and electronic signatures for giving evidence in a given argument.
The document discusses the importance of electronic signatures and document management in online leasing. It notes that eSignatures allow legally binding electronic execution of leases and other documents when combined with document management. This satisfies legal requirements to ensure electronically executed leases are binding and enforceable. The document also outlines reasons why eSignatures are becoming a technology trend, including demands from the real estate industry and customers. It provides background on eSignature laws and requirements.
The petitioner union filed a writ petition seeking directions to the Inspector of Factories to take action against a factory for removing the optional lock system from its computerized attendance system. The factory had implemented the system in 2003 with permission. The court dismissed the petition. It noted that the union had previously agreed to the computerized attendance system. Under the Information Technology Act and factory rules, electronic records and exemption from certain rules are allowed. The workers could complain about any violations. [/SUMMARY]
How the-E-Sign-Act-Benefits-Your-BusinessTinderBox
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In this power point I clearly explain about the information technology act, uses of information technology, what is digital signature and how the information technology act going to punish the cybercriminals? And the different kinds of punishment also explain under the power point. And I hope it will every helpful to you people to learn about information technology.
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2. Andrei D. Tsygankov
• General Counsel for ClientSideTM
• Partner at Founders Legal® (Bekiares Eliezer LLP)
• Corporate & IP Licensing Attorney
• Education:
• B.S. in Management from Georgia Tech
• J.D. from Georgia State University College of Law
4. Earliest Instances of ‘E-Signatures’
The first widely used system for sending signatures across
large distances was finalized in 1862.
The “Pantelegraph” sent signatures or small drawings over
existing telegraph lines.
It’s first transmission carried a signature over 80 miles in less
than two minutes!
6. Relevant Laws
• Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA)
• Model law drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws
• Presented for adoption by individual states in 1999
• http://www.uniformlaws.org/Act.aspx?title=Electronic%20Transactions%20Act
• Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN)
• 15 U.S.C. §§ 7001-7031 (“ESIGN”)
• Passed into Federal Law in 2000
• http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-106publ229/html/PLAW-106publ229.htm
8. E-Signature Definition
Electronic Signature:
• “an electronic sound, symbol or process, attached to or logically
associated with a record, and executed or adopted by a person
with the intent to sign the record”
• 15 U.S.C. § 7006(5) (ESIGN)
• Florida Statutes § 668.03(4)
9. Contract terms by ‘Click-Wrap’ agreement are valid
• Metro. Reg'l Info. Sys., Inc. v. Am. Home Realty Network, Inc., 722 F.3d 591, 600-
03 (4th Cir. 2013) (finding that, by clicking “yes” in response to electronic terms of use
agreement prior to uploading copyrighted photographs, a subscriber signed a written
assignment of exclusive copyright ownership in those photographs).
• Bergenstock v. LegalZoom.com, Inc. 2015 WL 3866703 (finding that, clicking “Agree
and Place Order” is valid acceptance of terms and conditions, including arbitration
provision).
E-Signatures in Practice
10. Electronic Terms of Service are enforceable if presented to a
user-signer together with a required ‘Sign Up’ button
• Fteja v. Facebook, Inc., 841 F.Supp.2d 829 (SDNY 2012) (finding that consumers must
be informed of terms of the transaction before signing electronically).
E-Signatures in Practice
11. ESIGN Act
• States must allow the use of electronic signatures if the parties involved agree to
this method of signing.
• Applies to TRANSACTIONS:
• In Interstate Commerce
• In Foreign Commerce
• With the Federal Government
12. ESIGN Act General Principles
• 1. A signature, contract, or other record related to any transaction cannot be
denied legal effect, validity or enforceability solely because it is in electronic
form.
• 2. Transaction is defined BROADLY:
• Sale, lease, exchange, licensing or other disposition of personal property, goods,
intangibles, services or combination thereof;
• Sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of any interest in real property. 15 U.S.C. § 7006
(13).
13. ESIGN Act General Principles
• 3. A contract relating to any transaction (in or affecting Interstate Commerce or
Foreign Commerce) may NOT be denied legal effect, validity, or enforceability
solely because:
• An electronic signature or electronic record was used in its formation.
15 U.S.C. § 7001(a)(2).
14. ESIGN Act General Principles
• 4. If the law requires that a contract or other record must be in writing to have
legal effect, validity or enforceability, electronic form may be denied if:
• Such record CANNOT be retained and accurately reproduced by all parties. 15
U.S.C. § 7001(e).
15. ESIGN Act General Principles
• 5. ESIGN does NOT require any person to use or accept electronic records or signatures.
15 U.S.C. § 7001(b)(2).
• If parties agree to electronic signatures, then ESIGN gives them legal effect.
• In Business-to-Business (B2B) transactions, prior behavior among the parties can
govern acceptance of electronic signatures and records.
• In Business-to-Consumer (B2C) transactions, Consumers must have notice, and
must consent.
16. ESIGN Does NOT Affect
• Substantive protections provided by consumer protection laws. 15 U.S.C. § 7001(b)(1).
• Content or timing of disclosures required by law. 15 U.S.C. § 7001(c)(2)(a).
• Any requirement by a federal regulatory agency, self-regulatory organization, or state regulatory
agency that records be filed in a specified standard. 15 U.S.C. § 7004(a).
17. ESIGN Does NOT Apply To
• (a) Any contract or record if it is governed by:
• (1) A statute, regulation, or other rule of law governing the creation and execution
of wills, codicils, or testamentary trusts. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(a)(1).
• (2) A State statute, regulation, or other rule of law governing adoption, divorce, or
other matters of family law. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(a)(2).
• (3) the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), as in effect in any State, other than
sections 1–107 and 1–206 and Articles 2 and 2A. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(a)(3).
18. ESIGN Does NOT Apply To (Cont’d)
• (b)(1) court orders or notices, or official court documents (including briefs, pleadings,
and other writings) required to be executed in connection with court proceedings. 15
U.S.C. § 7003(b)(1).
19. ESIGN Does NOT Apply To (Cont’d)
• (b) (2) any notice of—
• (A) the cancellation or termination of utility services (including water, heat, and power). 15
U.S.C. § 7003(b)(2)(a).
• (B) default, acceleration, repossession, foreclosure, or eviction, or the right to cure, under a
credit agreement secured by, or a rental agreement for, a primary residence of an
individual. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(b)(2)(b).
20. ESIGN Does NOT Apply To (Cont’d)
• (b) (2) any notice of—
• (C) the cancellation or termination of health insurance or benefits or life insurance benefits
(excluding annuities). 15 U.S.C. § 7003(b)(2)(a).
• (D) recall of a product, or material failure of a product, that risks endangering health or
safety. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(b)(2)(d).
21. ESIGN Does NOT Apply To (Cont’d)
• (3) any document required to accompany any transportation or handling of hazardous
materials, pesticides, or other toxic or dangerous materials. 15 U.S.C. § 7003(b)(3).
22. UETA
• Model law presented to states to codify into state law
• Establishes that electronic signatures have the same legal authority as ‘wet’
signatures
• Adopted by 47 states, D.C., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands. Exceptions:
• Illinois
• New York
• Washington
23. UETA & Reverse Pre-Emption
• States given option to enact UETA substantially as written, or face pre-emption by
ESIGN Act
• If state adopted UETA in substantially Model form, the state’s law would prevail over
ESIGN
• If a state’s UETA provision is inconsistent with ESIGN, the Federal law would again
pre-empt as to that provision.
24. • Florida Statutes §668.50
• Effective for transactions involving electronic signatures & records on
or after July 1, 2000
Florida UETA
25. • Florida Statutes § 668.50(7)
• (a) A record or signature shall not be denied legal effect or
enforceability solely because it is in electronic form.
• (b) A contract shall not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely
because an electronic record was used in the formation of the contract.
• (c) If a provision of the law requires a record be in writing, an
electronic record shall satisfy the law.
• (d) If a provision of the law requires a signature, an electronic signature
shall satisfy the law.
Florida UETA
26. Florida UETA
• Florida Statutes § 668.50(12)
• (a) If a law requires that a record be retained, the requirement is satisfied by
retaining an electronic record of the information in the record which:
• (1) Accurately reflects the information set forth in the record after the record
was first generated in final form as an electronic record or otherwise.
• (2) Remains accessible for later reference.
27. Florida UETA
• Florida Statutes § 668.50(12) – Cont.
• (c) A person may satisfy paragraph (a) by using the services of another person if the
requirements of paragraph (a) are satisfied.
28. • Florida Statutes § 668.50(13)
• (d) In a proceeding, evidence of a record or signature may not be excluded solely
because the record or signature is in electronic form.
Florida UETA
29. UETA vs. ESIGN: Family Law
Florida’s UETA
• Does NOT expressly limit applicability to
family law.
ESIGN Act
• [Not applicable to any] State statute,
regulation, or other rule of law governing
adoption, divorce, or other matters of
family law…
30. UETA vs. ESIGN: Admissibility in Court
Florida’s UETA
UETA specifically states that an electronic
record and signature is not to be excluded
solely on the basis of electronic format.
ESIGN Act
ESIGN Act does not provide specific rules
and guidance on when e-signature and e-
records are considered admissible.
31. UETA vs. ESIGN: Consumer Protections
Florida’s UETA
• Very lenient
• Enforceability against consumers determined by
actions of the parties, the context and overall
circumstances.
• Context, actions and circumstances taken into
account when determining if a consumer
provided consent.
ESIGN Act
• Consumers must affirmatively consent to
electronic records.
• Consumers must be provided notice of
their:
• Rights to hardcopy records
• Rights to withdraw consent and be
provided information on how to do so
• Need to review and store the e-records
32. UETA vs. ESIGN: Signature Authentication
Florida’s UETA
• Authentication of a signer’s signature or
mark is critical.
• There must be proof that a signature is the
mark (or the act) of a person who is
supposed to sign.
• Extrinsic evidence may be used in proving
this (for example: an IP address; exclusive
access or use of an email account, etc.)
ESIGN Act
ESIGN Act does not address how or when
signatures need to be authenticated or
attributed to a specific signer.
33. UETA vs. ESIGN: Variation by Parties
Florida’s UETA
Parties may privately agree to vary the effects
of UETA provisions.
ESIGN Act
No specific language in place that allows
parties to privately change provisions of
ESIGN.
34. UETA vs. ESIGN: Transmission & Receipt
Florida’s UETA
• UETA is lenient on the transmission and
receipt of records. Generally,
• A record is sent once it leaves control of the
sender.
• A record is received when it enters the
system a recipient uses and becomes
accessible to the recipient.
ESIGN Act
ESIGN Act does not address how or when
a record is considered to have been sent or
when it has been received.
35. Electronic signatures satisfy state law writing requirement
• Barwick v. Gov’t Employee Ins. Co., Inc., No. 10-1076, 2011 Ark. LEXIS 111 (Ark.S. Ct.
2011). (Affirmation of lower court finding that electronic signature meets the requirement
that a rejection of no-fault coverage be “in writing” under state law).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
36. Written agreement in downloadable, electronic form is valid.
“…agreement is a “written provision” despite being provided to
users in a downloadable electronic form. The latter point has been
settled by the Electronic Signatures in Global and National
Commerce Act (“E–Sign Act”)…”
• Specht v. Netscape Communications Corp. 306 F.3d 17 (2nd Cir. 2002)
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
37. • Common Hurdles:
• NOT validity of electronic signatures themselves, but Issues of substantive
law. For example:
• Did the parties have INTENT to form a contract?
• Did all parties have NOTICE (actual or constructive) of the transaction
terms?
• Did all parties give proper CONSENT to the terms?
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
38. Receipt of announcement email insufficient to change
terms of an agreement
• Campbell v. Gen. Dynamics Gov't Sys. Corp., 407 F.3d 546, 559 (1st Cir. 2005)
(finding that e-mail announcement regarding new dispute resolution policy was insufficient
to put employee on notice that the policy was a contract that extinguished the right to
access a judicial forum for resolution of federal employment discrimination claims ).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
39. Signers must have NOTICE of terms
BEFORE accepting electronically
• Labajo v. Best Buy, 478 F.Supp.2d 523 (SDNY 2007) (finding that consumers must be
informed of terms of the transaction before signing electronically).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
40. Third Party Agent’s electronic signature is valid
IF authority is given by principal
• Long v Time Insurance Company, 572 F.Supp. 2d 907 (OH 2008) (finding that
electronic signature of insurance agent is valid if done on behalf of insured, if the insured
had the opportunity to review the application and authorize the signature).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
41. Record integrity & tamper-proof storage is crucial
• Adams v. Quicksilver, 210 Cal App. Unpub. LEXIS 1236 (2010) (finding that a party
cannot prove, by preponderance of the evidence, that post-signature alteration of a
document did not occur in a system that allowed post-signature alteration of the
document).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
42. Admissibility in court
• “To meet FRE 901(a) requirements for authentication, the audit
trail, signatures and documents must also be secured in a manner
that renders the information unalterable without detection”
• Lorraine v. Markel American Ins. Co., 241 F.R.D. 534 (D.Md 2007)
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
43. Admissibility in court
• “Organizations must demonstrate to the Court’s satisfaction that
they have maintained a secure retrieval process of the audit trail
and signed records by which a credible witness can confidently
testify.”
• Lorraine v. Markel American Ins. Co., 241 F.R.D. 534 (D.Md 2007)
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
44.
45. Authentication may be problematic if use of account or
medium through which signatures take place is not exclusive
to signer
• Kerr v. Dillard Store Services, Inc., 2009 BL 30588 (D.Kan 2009) (finding that
mandatory arbitration provision in electronic agreement is unenforceable against employee
because supervisor had access to employee’s account and opportunity to sign employee’s
name).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
46. Enforcing party has burden to show that the agreement was
actually signed by party against whom it is being enforced
• Ruiz v. Moss Bros. Auto Group, Inc. 232 Cal.App.4th 836 (2014) (finding, on de novo
review, that defendant did not prove by a preponderance of the evidence that plaintiff
signed an arbitration agreement that defendant was seeking to enforce).
ESIGN & UETA in Practice
47. Takeaways
• For E-Signatures to be valid and enforceable:
• All parties must consent to working together electronically
• Terms being accepted must be clearly presented before requiring signature
• All parties must express their consent to the terms being presented
• All parties must have an exclusive way to sign or accept terms
• All parties must have access to the signed contract, records or data after
signing
48. Best Practices
• Best Practices for Using E-Signatures:
• Implement a way to authenticate the signing parties
• Provide a secure method for each signer to access and sign documents
• Have a record or audit trail of the signing process
• Utilize a system that will prevent document tampering
• Use a secure storage and retrieval method that can be proven
50. • A Few of Many Advantages
• Legal Integrity
• Administrative Efficiencies
• Professionalism
Legal Integrity with E-Signature Technology
51. Legal Integrity with E-Signature Technology
• Do you ensure the document you sent was not modified?
• Single Document Accessed at a Central Server
• Signed Document Locking with Tamper Evident Markers
• Secure Storage and Retrieval of Signed Document
52. Legal Integrity with E-Signature Technology
• Do you verify a signer’s identity?
• Multiple signers, sequential signing
• ID Verification and Access Logs
• Audit Trail for Every Signed Document
53. Admin Efficiency with E-Signature Technology
• Advantages:
• Automated Docketing
• Faster Turn Around
• Less Errors
• Time Savings (and Increased Billing)
54. Legal Documents
• Fee Agreements
• Engagement Letters
• Settlement Agreements
• IP Assignment Agreements
General Contracts
• Partnership Agreements
• Joint-Venture Agreements
• Services Agreements
• Contracts for Sale of Goods
Admin Efficiency with E-Signature Technology
56. Professionalism with E-Signature Technology
• Clients are Making the Switch
• Corporate Clients
• University Clients
• Startups and Growth Companies
• Stay ahead of your clients and exceed their expectations!