It emphasizes the extensive coverage of mountains worldwide, their rich biodiversity, and their importance to both local and global populations for resources such as water, energy, and timber. The presentation outlines the economic, scientific, and cultural values of wildlife in these regions, highlighting the benefits like eco-tourism and medicinal resources derived from mountain forests. Additionally, it discusses the essential ecosystem services provided by mountain forests, including carbon sequestration, water regulation, and biodiversity conservation. The threats to these ecosystems, such as climate change, deforestation, and pollution, are addressed along with potential solutions involving sustainable management practices, community engagement, and technological advancements in conservation efforts. Overall, the presentation serves as an informative overview on the importance of mountain environments, the resources they provide, the challenges they face, and the strategies needed for their conservation and sustainable use.

1. Natural resources of
mountains
(forest and wildlife)
Navgurukul - A social Welfare Foundation
By: Shivansh Rawat
Software Developer

2. INTRODUCTION TO MOUNTAIN RESOURCES
The world’s mountains encompass some of the most spectacular landscapes, a great diversity of species and
habitat types, and distinctive human communities. Mountains occur on all continents, in all latitude zones, and
within all the world’s principal biome types – from hyper-arid hot desert and tropical forest to arid polar icecaps –
and support a wide variety of ecosystems.
- Mountain environments cover some 27% of the world’s land surface, and directly support the 22% of the world’s
people who live within mountain regions. Lowland people also depend on mountain environments for a wide range
of goods and services, including water, energy, timber, biodiversity maintenance, and opportunities for recreation
and spiritual renewal. Mountains provide for the freshwater needs of more than half of humanity, and are, in
effect, the water towers of the world.

3. VALUES OF WILDLIFE RESOURCES
Economic Value
Wild Fruits, Timber, gums paper , leather
, honey etc
Scientific Value
Gene pool for the scientists to carry breading
programmers in agriculture, animal husbandry and
fishery
Cultural and Economic Value
Eco-Tourism, Cultural asset, Aesthetic
Value

4. Timber
Production
Ecotourism
Medicinal
Resources
Soil
Conservation
FOREST ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Mountain forests
provide a sustainable
source of timber for
construction,
furniture, and other
wood-based products.
: Many rare and
valuable medicinal
plants are found in
mountain forests,
with potential for
future drug discovery.
•Mountain forests offer
breath-taking
landscapes and unique
wildlife, attracting
visitors and supporting
local economies.
The deep roots of
mountain forest
vegetation prevent soil
erosion and maintain soil
fertility

5. Carbon
Sequestration
Water
Regulation
Biodiversity
Conservation
FOREST ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
01
Mountain forests act as crucial carbon
sinks, absorbing and storing vast
amounts of atmospheric carbon
dioxide, helping to mitigate climate
change
02
These forests regulate water flow,
preventing soil erosion and providing a
reliable source of clean water for
downstream communities.
03
Mountain forests harbor a rich diversity
of plant and animal species, many of
which are found nowhere else on Earth.

6. WILDLIFE RESOURCES AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
• Wildlife is an essential component of various food chains, food webs,
biogeochemical cycles and energy flow through various trophic levels.
• Preserves vitality and health of environment and provides stability to various
ecosystems.
• It has economic value. Many wild plants provide useful substance like timber,
paper, gums etc. And they also have wide application in Ayurveda and other
branches of medicine.

7. THREATS TO MOUNTAINS:
FOREST AND WILDLIFE
RESOURCES
• Climate change
• Deforestation
• Overexploitation
• Environmental Pollution
• Overgrazing
• Invasive Species
• Jhum Cultivation
• Environmental Pollution
• Forest fire Risk
• Mining and developmental projects.

8. CONCLUSION AND
FUTURE OUTLOOK
•Sustainable Management : Implementing
sustainable forestry practices to balance
environmental, social, and economic needs.
• Ecological Restoration: Rehabilitating degraded
forest areas and enhancing ecosystem resilience.
•Community Engagement: Involving local
communities in conservation efforts and sharing
the benefits of mountain forests.
Technological Innovation: Leveraging new
technologies to improve forest monitoring,
firefighting, and resource management