natural disaster ppt

1. NATURAL
DISASTER
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CHHOTUBHAI GOPALBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Department Of Computer Engineering
Presented By:
 Kritika Choubey- 202203103520105
 Vaibhavi Dumaswala- 202203103520044
Presented To:
 Professor. Palak Trivedi

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INTRODUCTION
CAUSES OF LANDSLIDE
AWARENESS/PREPAREDNESS (do’s and don’t’s)
HIMACHAL PRADESH CASE STUDY
GOVERNMENT REPORT
NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER?
WARNING SIGNS OF LANDSLIDE
CONCLUSION
IMAGES OF LANDSLIDE

4. WHAT IS
LANDSLIDE
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• Landslides are a natural disaster
that can have catastrophic
consequences.
• They occur when large amounts
of rock, soil, or debris suddenly
move down a slope, often
triggered by heavy rainfall,
earthquakes,or human activities.
• The impact of landslides
can be devastating, causing
loss of life, property
damage, and economic
disruption.

5. WHAT CAUSES LANDSLIDE
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Landslides are often caused by a combination of
factors, including heavy rainfall, earthquakes, and
human activities.
 When heavy rain falls on hillsides, the water can
saturate the soil and cause it to become unstable.
Similarly, seismic activity can destabilize the
ground and trigger a landslide.
Human activities, such as deforestation and
construction on steep slopes, can also increase
the risk of landslides.

6. DO’S DON’TS
Prepare tour to hilly region according to
information given by weather
department or news.
Move away from landslide path or
downstream valleys quickly without
wasting time.
Know how to give signs or how to
communicate during emergency
time to flying helicopters and rescue
team.
Stay alert, awake and active during
the impact or probability of impact.
Do not touch or walk over loose material
and electrical wiring or pole.
Do not panic and loose energy by crying.
Do not drink contaminated water directly
from rivers, springs, wells but rain water if
collected directly without is fine.
Do not move an injured person without
rendering first aid unless the casualty is in
immediate danger.
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 Geological Structure
 Rainfall and Water
Seepage
 Earthquakes
 Volcanic Activity
 Deforestation
 Urbanization
 Climate Change
 Monsoon Season

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HIMACHAL PRADESH
LANDSLIDE
Slopes in Himachal have become highly vulnerable
to landslides due to cutting of rocks at the foothills
and the lack of proper drainage system, and high
intensity rainfall is making the things worse for the
state.
The rain intensity has increased and high
temperatures coupled with heavy rains lead to
landslides due to loosening of the strata in places
which have undergone cutting downstream on the
foothills.

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HIMACHAL PRADESH LANDSLIDE
Himachal Pradesh has witnessed 113
landslides in 55 days since the
beginning of the monsoon this year.
This is around six-times more than the
last year as only 117 major landslides
were witnessed in the entirety of 2022
compared to just 16 in 2020.

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CONTINUE…
• At least 74 people have been killed in landslides in Himachal
Pradesh since recently (August 14,2023). The government of
Himachal Pradesh has declared the whole state as 'natural
calamity affected area’.
• 51 were killed within the first 24 hours Even now, the death toll is
expected to go up as some are still feared trapped. 74 dead in
which 21 died in Himachal's capital Shimla alone in three
landslide incidents.

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o Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Mr. Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu has sought
₹2,000 crore from the Centre as interim aid.
o The state has suffered losses of ₹4,000 crore as of now and the figure is likely
to go up.
o Mr. Sukhu, who had announced that a compensation of ₹1 lakh will be given to
every affected family, said changes will be made in the relief manual to enhance
the compensation.
oAccording to the manual, each disaster victim is granted ₹5,000 as aid at
present.

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CONTINUE…
 In the past 15 days (August 2023), the state government has
released ₹1,100 crore, including ₹610 crore to the Public Works
Department, ₹218 crore to the Jal Shakti Department and ₹180
crore to the State Disaster Relief Fund.
 He clarified that the ₹180 crore received from the Centre was
the annual assistance given to the state during the monsoon.
 He also urged the Union government to release the ₹315 crore
pending since last year.

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IMPACT AND LOSS DUE TO THE DISASTER
 Over 860 roads in the state are still blocked. The Himachal
Road Transport Corporation has suspended operation on
994 routes while 260 buses are held enroute.
 Since the onset of the monsoon in Himachal Pradesh on
June 26, 108 people have died, while 12 are missing. As
many as 667 houses have been damaged completely and
1,264 suffered partial damage, according to the State
Emergency Response Centre.

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NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER?
o It cannot be denied that the state has received
above-average rainfall this year. The state receives
an average of 730 mm of rain from June 1 to
September 30, but this year it has received 742
mm of rain from June 1 to August 16.
o It is not right to blame heavy rains alone for the
disaster in Himachal Pradesh. Humans, not
nature, are responsible for phenomena such as
continuous sliding of mountains and soil,
landslides on roads, collapsing of houses and
buildings, subsidence of roads, etc.

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CONTINUE…
oThe major causes of destruction in Himachal Pradesh are four-lane roads,
hydro-power projects, deforestation, cable car projects, multi-story
buildings, etc. The state of Himachal Pradesh is nestled in the lap of the
Himalayan mountains. It is important to get the opinion of geologists,
environmental experts, and local people before any development project is
undertaken here.
o Himachal Pradesh started building four-lane roads to promote it as a
tourist destination. To build these roads, heavy machinery and explosive
materials were used to cut the mountains, due to which the natural balance
of the place has started to deteriorate.

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 As a result, the mountains have started sliding down from place to
place. Forests have to be cut down before the mountains can be broken
for any kind of development work in the hilly areas. Due to the absence
of forests, the soil starts to erode. Due to overcutting of mountains and
soil erosion, mountains begin to slide down, resulting in the loss of life
and property.
 As per the Landslide Atlas of India prepared by the National Remote
Sensing Centre (ISRO, Hyderabad) , all 12 districts of Himachal are
susceptible to landslides.
CONTINUE…

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Landslide Warning Signs
• Springs, seeps, or saturated ground in areas that have not typically been
wet before.
• Soil moving away from foundations.
• New cracks or unusual bulges in the ground, street pavements or
sidewalks.
• A faint rumbling sound that increases in volume is noticeable as the
landslide nears.

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LANDSLIDE IN
INDIAN REGION
LANDSLIDE RISK
EXPOSURE

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CONCLUSION
 In conclusion, the landslide in Himachal Pradesh was a tragic event that resulted in
loss of life and significant damage to infrastructure. Our case study has highlighted
several important factors of the landslide.
 It is evident that proper land-use planning, early warning systems, and sustainable
forestry practices are essential to mitigate the risk of such disasters in the future.
Additionally, community awareness and preparedness play a crucial role in
minimizing the impact of landslides.
 This case study underscores the need for proactive measures and collaboration
between government agencies, local communities, and environmental
organizations to protect vulnerable regions like Himachal Pradesh from the
devastating consequences of landslides.

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IMAGES OF LANDSLIDES IN INDIA

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IMAGES OF LANDSLIDES IN INDIA

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HOW LANDSLIDE WORK

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REFERENCES
 https://www.outlookindia.com/national/explained-what-is-behind-frequent-landslides-in-himachal-pradesh-
how-vulnerable-are-himalayas-to-landslides-news-311636/amp
 https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/himachal-flash-floods-cm-sukhu-seeks-2000-crore-
interim-relief-from-centre/article67083069.ece
 https://eos.org/thelandslideblog/the-14-august-2023-landslides-in-himachal-pradesh-india
 Atlas_Landslide | NRSC Web Site –ISRO Landslide Atlas Of India.
 https://hpsdma.nic.in/ - Government website
 https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/24/landslide-destroys-several-buildings-in-indias-himachal-pradesh-
state
 Landslide Hazard Maps (nrsc.gov.in) – To Check Landslide possibilities

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THANK YOU