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Nationstates
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- 2. What are NationStates? Why are there so many separate countries?
- 3. Humans havealways partitioned space to separate themselves from other human groups This is similar to other species (think of a dog marking its territory) The creation of territory is the basis for political organization and action
- 4. Most statesare recognized as such by other states, and their territory is respected: they are governed by a recognizable body, with rules for the administration of the state. What state do you live in? Who recognizes your state? What is the body that governs your state?
- 5. Individuals aretherefore tied to a state and subject to its rules (citizens) A Nation is not the same as a state. A nation is Cultural group which is based on variables such as Language – Example: Religion – Example: Ethnicity – Example: These factors give people a sense of identity.
- 6. A Stateis Formally defined political territory Clearly Defined Set of Instutitions Including Rule Making and Enforcement Claims Exclusive Jurisdiction over all the people and activities within the state. A Nation State state is a combination of both… A Clearly defined cultural group (nation) occupying a defined territory (a state)
- 7. How did theNation State arise? Required the concept of Nationalism (belief that the nation and the state should be the same), and that there is no other appropriate way to delimit a nation state. It is therefor the natural political unit. It has also been argued that nationalism also means All members of the nation have the right to live within the the borders of the state. That it may be inappropriate for other national groups to live within the borders. The gov’t must be in the hands of the dominant group.
- 8. In 19thCentury Europe, Nationalism became the dominant criteria for defining a nation in the 19th century. Before that, most people tended to just accept whatever empire or leader was in charge. What caused this to change???
- 9. Four possibleexplanations for the emergence of the nation state: Response to political philosophers, especially Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) Desire to be closer to people of similar cultural background Transition from feudalism to capitalism People who benefitted from the means of production wanted a stable state (Marxist Idea) Collapse of local communities (because of industrialization) and the need for coordination of a larger group I am Jean Jacques Rousseau, and I Approve this Message.
- 10. Not all statesare Uni-National Despite the rise of nationalism, the world has many examples of multinational and bi-national states. What are some examples? Why do they meet this criteria?
- 11. Multi and Bi-NationalStates African countries whose boundaries were drawn by Europeans without considering African national cultural groups. Many multinational state are unstable in Africa. Bi-national states include Canada and Belgium, both of which suffer internal stresses due to differing political desires of dominant cultural groups.
- 12. Cultural Sub Nationalism Cultural Sub Nationalism When the entire population of the state is not bound by the same sense of nationialism, but is split among local primary allegiances. This can lead to civil war or international disputes. Example: Sri Lanka’s civil war just ended in 2009. The LTTE wanted to create a separate independent state in the North. India became involved sending troops into Sri Lanka.
- 13. Sub-Nationalism Sub-nationalism isone of the centrifugal forces that pull nation apart, as compared to centripetal forces (like a strong sense of nationalism) which tend to bind a state together. Sub-nationalism has led to strong authoritarian rulers in some states, especially Africa, who argue it is the only way to keep the country intact.