Nationalism in Russia arose in the 19th century and promoted Russian culture and identity. It encouraged appreciation for Russian history, art, and literature. However, by the early 20th century, nationalism was declining as Russia struggled to modernize its economy and society. Growing inequality weakened patriotic support for the monarchy. When Russia entered World War I hoping to revive nationalism, the war effort's failures further undermined the tsar's popularity and led to his overthrow in the Russian Revolution.

1. NATIONALISM
The Russian Way
Reporter: AIRA JANE V. VILLA

2. Nationalism in Russia arose during the
nineteenth century, and it promoted the
appreciation and celebration of Russian
culture and history. It also encourages the
development and strengthening of a Russian
cultural identity and national unity.

3. Peter I’s brought westernization to Russia.
Russian national costume, hairstyle,
discouraged. Fine for wearing a beard.
The nobility preferred to speak the French
rather than Russian even in private.
WESTERNIZATION

4. 19TH CENTURY
• Saw a revival in Russian Nationalism.
• A motto, stating “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and
Nationality, “adopted by Emperor Nicholas I as
official doctrine.

5. Russian Nationalism
Three components of Uvarov’s triad were:
• Orthodoxy – Orthodox Christianity and protection of Russian
Orthodox Church.
• Autocracy – unconditional loyalty to House of Romanov in return
for paternalist protection for all social estates.
• Nationality – recognition of the state-founding role of the Russian
nationality.

6. SLAVOPHILIA
Slavophiles were determined to protect unique Russian
traditions and culture.
They opposed influences of Western Europe on Russia.

7. Closely related to revival in Russian Art,
Works concerning Russian history,
mythology and fairy tales.
Romantic nationalism inspired
paintings, Vasnetsov Bladimir fresco in
Kiev by Victor Vasnetsov.
ART

8. POETRY
Russian Poet Tyutchev:
Moscow and peter’s grad, the city of Constantine, these are
the capitals of Russian kingdom. But where is their limit? And
where are their frontiers to the north, the east, the south and
the setting sun?
The fate will reveal this future generations. Seven island seas
and seven great rivers from the Nile to the Neva, from the
Elbe to China, from the Volga to the Euphrates, from Ganges
to the Danube. That’s the Russian Kingdom, and let it be
forever, just as the Spirit foretold and Daniel prophesied.

9. PAN-SLAVISM
Pan-Slavism, an idea of unity ad friendship of all
Slavic and Orthodox Christian nations, gained
popularity in the mid to late 19th century.
Pan-Slavism was fueled and, in turn, was the fuel,
in Russia’s numerous wars against Ottoman Empire
with the goal to liberate Orthodox nations, such as
Bulgars, Serbs, and Greeks, from Muslim rule.

10. PAN-SLAVISM CONT
• The final goal was Constantinople, (Istanbul) the Russian Empire still
considered itself the “Third Rome” and saw its duty in freeing the
“Second Rome.”
• Pan-Slavism had a key role in Russia’s entry into World War I as well,
since it is the 1914 invasion of Serbia by Austria-Hungary that
triggered Russia’s response.

11. DECLINE OF NATIONALISM
• As the 20th century was approaching, Russia was
attempting to catch up to the Industrial
Revolution.
• The already vast gap of wealth between the rich
elite and the mass poor had grown even more.
• This caused patriotic enthusiasm to decline.
Never forget enlightenment.

12. REVOLUTION
• With World War I, the Empire attempted to revive the
national spirit. As the war effort failed so did the popularity of
Nicholas II. He was overthrown by the Russian Revolution.
• In the subsequent civil war, the loosely allied monarchist and
anti-communist White Army continued to carry the banner of
Russian nationalism until they were eliminated by the
communist revolutionaries. (Red Army)

13. Thank you for listening.
GOD BLESS. 