NIEM (National Information Exchange Model) is a data standard for facilitating automated information sharing across agencies and jurisdictions. It provides common definitions and formats to link disparate systems. The document outlines how NIEM supports information sharing through scenario planning, requirements analysis, and mapping data components to the NIEM standard. Adoption of NIEM allows agencies to more easily share information and leverage existing systems.

1. National Information Exchange Model (NIEM) Executive Introduction May 27, 2009 Your Name Title

2. Information sharing is a national imperative In detecting, preventing, responding to and investigating crimes, disasters and terrorist acts, the exchange of information among multiple engaged agencies must be timely and accurate and therefore highly automated . Most existing computer systems are not designed to facilitate information sharing across disciplines and jurisdictions. Automated information sharing between agencies requires the definition of common standards for linking disparate systems among federal, state, local and tribal agencies.

3. Information Exchanges Help Do The Job Exchanges using a national standard will make it easier to: Forward incident and arrest data from police to prosecutors Determine the status of beds, staff, and resources at hospitals Send call data from a 9-1-1 center to multiple dispatch centers Report suspicious activities from field officers to investigators at state and national levels and from one fusion center to another Report the status of emergency response teams and resources Screen persons or cargo entering the country

4. NIEM IS: A data standard with agreed-upon terms, definitions , and formats. Independent of the way data is stored in individual systems. A way to achieve consensus on the content of specific exchanges A structured approach to data interoperability

5. The Historical Perspective Launched on February 28, 2005, through an agreement between the U.S. Departments of Justice Homeland Security Merged with and expanded from the successful Global Justice XML Data Model Expanded in its first release by additional communities of interest Included in the Implementation Plan of the Information Sharing Environment Tested by DOJ, DHS and states Available at www.niem.gov

6. NIEM Governance

7. Participating Communities and Governance Defining Data Components Defining data components unique to a domain will be done by subject matter experts who are representatives of the domain following basic rules for definitions and terms A group representing all participating domains will define those data components that are universal or commonly used by more than one domain again using the same basic rules

8. NIEM at 50,000 Feet International Trade Immigration Screening Infrastructure Protection Criminal Justice Emergency Management Intelligence People Person Organization Places Location Things Property Contact Info MetaData Events Activity

9. How NIEM Works to Support Information Sharing Create a scenario to define the need for information sharing between organizations Define the requirements including the data components that should be included Use the data component standards from NIEM to design the exchange, extending them where needed Document the exchange using technology standards Implement the exchange Scenario Planning Requirements Analysis Data Mapping Publish and Implement

10. Scenario-Based Planning Building Collapse: The result of… Terrorist Incident Natural Disaster Large Scale Criminal Event Catastrophic Structural Failure Will trigger a broad range of information exchanges across many domains: Law Enforcement Fire Services Emergency Medical Services Disaster Management Environmental Public Works Private Industry Etc.

11. Identify Information Exchanges The scenario describes in narrative form an operational situation, business context, legislative, judicial or executive mandate, or other circumstance which must be addressed. From this scenario individual, discrete information exchanges are identified for subsequent analysis. Exchange 3: Initial injured are assessed, and information is forwarded to area hospitals via devices that are tracking hospital capacities, services available, and patient transports. Exchange 1: The EOC dispatches police, fire units, and emergency medical personnel. Exchange 2: First responders arriving on scene begin reporting back to the EOC on the nature and scope of the damage.

12. Hospital Availability Pilot IEPD DHS pilot project executed by SEARCH and GTRI Modeled exchange requirements based on OASIS HAVE specification and National Planning Scenarios

13. Hospital Availability Pilot IEPD DHS pilot project executed by SEARCH and GTRI Modeled exchange requirements based on OASIS HAVE specification and National Planning Scenarios Mapped to NIEM

14. Hospital Availability Pilot IEPD DHS pilot project executed by SEARCH and GTRI Modeled exchange requirements based on OASIS HAVE specification and National Planning Scenarios Mapped to NIEM Resulted in NIEM-conformant IEPD that describes the status of a hospital, its services, and its resources: bed capacity and availability, emergency department status, available service coverage, the status of a hospital’s facility and operations.

15. Automated Information Exchanges Source Database Enabling Technology Exchange content Definition Information Exchange Originator’s Computer Recipient’s Computer Based on NIEM

16. National Exchange Development Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR) Terrorist Watchlist Person Data Exchange Standard (TWPDES) DHS Person Screening DHS Infrastructure Protection DHS Emergency Management Incident Reporting National Data Exchange System (N-DEx) NLETS and New York State

17. NIEM and the Information Sharing Environment (ISE) ISE Goals The establishment of trusted partnerships between all levels of government, the private sector, and foreign partners Promote an information sharing culture among ISE partners by improving the sharing of timely, validated, protected, and actionable information Function in a decentralized, distributed, and coordinated manner Develop and deploy incrementally, leveraging existing information sharing capabilities while also creating new core functions and services How NIEM Enables These Goals NIEM is enabling / building CTISS Using NIEM Information Exchange Package Descriptions (IEPD) NIEM bridges from high level ISE to operational activity, from business scenario and process modeling through assembly and documentation NIEM is currently focusing on Suspicious Activity Reporting and the Terrorist Watch List

18. Fusion Center Mission Fusion Centers are the hub for local, regional and federal level critical information sharing partnerships Supporting the NRP/National Preparedness Goal to “Strengthen Information Sharing and Collaboration Capabilities” Implement Presidential Guideline 2 and the Common Terrorism Information Sharing Standards “ Information Fusing” across Communities of Interest (COI’s) Achieving baseline capabilities to detect, prevent, apprehend, and respond to criminal and terrorist activity

19. Why NIEM? The Fusion Center Challenge Fire DOD Fusion Center Local PD Local PD Local PD Private Partners Tribal Agency Tribal Agency Tribal Agency Local FBI Field Office Local FBI Field Office Fire Fire EMS EMS EMS State PD State DHS National Guard Border Patrol US Customs DHS NOC FIG Local PD Tribal Agency Local FBI Field Office Private Partners Private Partners Private Partners Fire JTTF Fusion Centers Port Authority

20. SAR IEPD Exchanges Intel System Information Sharing Environment Record Mgt System (RMS) Fusion Center Systems Dispatch (CAD) System Local Law Enforcement 911/PSAP Local Fusion Center State Designated Fusion Center Private Industry Law Enforcement Dispatch Law Enforcement Investigation or Intelligence OR as State Law/Policy Dictate 02/15/07 - Version 3.0 Other State Fusion Centers Information Exchange Key Detailed SAR IEPD Summary SAR IEPD Existing Exchange Future SAR IEPDs ??

21. The NIEM Value Proposition Agencies and organizations that adopt NIEM will be able to: Gain faster access to critical information Reduce cost of automated information exchanges Leverage existing systems Participate in regional, state, and national information sharing systems that are or will be based on NIEM standards Participate in and contribute to shaping national standards for information sharing Contribute to helping solve the national information sharing problem

22. Federal Adoption and Use OASIS Electronic Court Filing Technical Committee plans a 2008 release of IEPDs conformant with NIEM. DOJ programs, such as LCMS and Sentinel, through their system design efforts are ensuring their exchanges will be NIEM-conformant. DHS built a Hospital Availability IEPD and is planning or building 10 other NIEM-conformant IEPDs, including Federated Person Query and Terrorist Watchlist. The Program Manager-Information Sharing Environment has declared that NIEM will be the standard for sharing counterterrorism information. FBI has released the preliminary IEPD and schema for N-DEx consistent with release 2.0 of NIEM. FBI will create an IEPD based on the planned interface between N-DEx and Sentinel. FEMA has developed some specific NIEM-compliant schema – vetted through the NIEM Help Desk – for partner agencies at the federal, state, tribal and local levels to use for external data submission exchanges with the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) Toolkit.

23. State & Local Adoption and Use New York Division of Criminal Justice Services is utilizing NIEM to implement all CJIS information exchanges. Florida is utilizing NIEM for all law enforcement information exchanges. Pennsylvania JNET project developing a plan for upgrading its installed GJXDM based information exchanges to NIEM. Texas has begun to develop a plan for statewide adoption of NIEM as the standard for information exchanges. Maryland Department of Transportation is exploring the use of NIEM for information exchanges between transportation centers and public safety. California is planning to convert their court content management system interfaces to NIEM and to map their e-filing standard (2GEFS) to NIEM. New York state and NLETS are developing a NIEM RAP Sheet pilot IEPD.

24. State & Local Adoption and Use, Continued Fairfax County, VA , and the Homeland Security National Capital Region are using NIEM as a basis for information exchanges about resource availability across public safety agencies and hospitals. Houston TranStar agency has committed to implementing the GJXDM based IEDP for incident sharing and will also create a NIEM based exchange for consideration during final implementation. Connecticut is building a metadata repository covering GJXDM and NIEM elements and definitions as a state standard. The Hawaii Juvenile Justice Information System currently has three operational interfaces using Global Justice XML. Ohio is exploring conversion to NIEM of their CJIS transactions. Mississippi is converting their CJIS transactions to NIEM. Fusion Centers are incorporating NIEM compliance in their technology procurements.

25. Why NIEM Now? 1. NIEM Is Tested, Ready, and in Production. 2 . Documentation and Tools Are Available. 3 . Training and Technical Assistance Are Available. 4 . A Release Plan Is in Place. 5 . Future Grants Will Mandate NIEM Conformance. 6 . Reference IEPDs Are Being Developed. 7 . NIEM Is the Means for Intergovernmental Information Sharing.

26. Lessons Learned From Past Experience All exchanges should be derived from operational needs for information Subject matter experts should be used to define the requirements for each information exchange from the beginning The right enterprise architecture is critical to success Maximize the use and application of existing standards for information sharing, particularly open standards such as XML, web services, etc. Build on past successes in comparable jurisdictions Seek advice from technical experts to design exchanges once the operational requirements are determined

27. Next Steps Choose to make NIEM the basis for information exchanges Adopt a service oriented architecture for your information systems Arrange for training for your developers Identify key exchanges with other organizations Use NIEM tools to develop exchange documentation Design and implement the exchanges using web services

28. Sign up for NIEM News

29. XML Special Condition Language “ To support public safety and justice information sharing, OJP requires the grantee to use the National Information Exchange Model specifications and guidelines for this particular grant. Grantee shall publish and make available without restriction all Information Exchange Package Documentation (IEPDs) and related artifacts generated as a result of this grant to the component registry as specified in the guidelines. This information is available at http://www.niem.gov/implementationguide.php.”

30. Tools and Support Services Training and Technical Assistance NIEM website Training materials Help desk and knowledge base National and regional training Tools Automated documentation generator Tools to browse the model IEPD Clearinghouse Documentation Introduction to NIEM Concept of Operations User Guide Naming and Design Rules Standards NEIM 1.0 Documentation specs All available through www.niem.gov