The document discusses the Institute of Air Quality Management Committee's views on what should be included in the UK's upcoming National Clean Air Strategy. Key points discussed include:
1) Ensuring the strategy aligns UK and EU air quality legislation and establishes independent oversight of policy effectiveness after Brexit.
2) Setting exposure reduction targets in addition to air quality standards to better protect public health.
3) Providing clear plans and timelines to meet emission ceilings for particulate matter and ammonia from sectors like transportation, agriculture, and domestic burning.
4) Strengthening the planning system to give more weight to air quality considerations in development.
5) Committing to continued research on air pollution sources,
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John Henderson of the Environment Agency presented at the IAQM AGM 2017 on the 16th November discussing how the Environment Agency will implement the Medium Combustion Plant Directive and & Generator Regulations
Clean Air Strategy: Reducing Emissions of Air Pollution by Rebecca DangerfieldIES / IAQM
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ClientEarth’s second legal victory against the UK Government resulted in the High Court agreeing that the 2015 air quality plan was unlawful. The Government was ordered to improve this plan by the end of July 2017. But do we finally have a plan that will tackle the UK’s illegal and harmful levels of nitrogen dioxide? And what are the implications for local authorities and the devolved administrations?
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ClientEarth’s second legal victory against the UK Government resulted in the High Court agreeing that the 2015 air quality plan was unlawful. The Government was ordered to improve this plan by the end of July 2017. But do we finally have a plan that will tackle the UK’s illegal and harmful levels of nitrogen dioxide? And what are the implications for local authorities and the devolved administrations?
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British Standards for Carbon Management- including PAS 2080 – The world’s fir...EMEX
Insights from leading experts into the main developments in British Standards, including PAS 2080 Carbon Management in Infrastructure as an industry game changer. Speakers with first-hand experience will highlight how this specification (PAS) is helping the sector address key challenges and opportunities for energy and carbon reduction.
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Net Zero in Medicines Manufacturing: Measuring and Reporting Carbon FootprintKTN
On Friday 22nd October 2021, KTN hosted a webinar on Net Zero in Medicines Manufacturing, aimed at medicines manufacturers to learn about systems and tools for measuring and reporting on Scope 1, 2 and 3 carbon outputs. The webinar was hosted by the KTN Medicines Manufacturing Challenge Community in partnership with Innovate UK, Medicines Manufacturing Industry Partnership and Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, featuring presentations and discussion from GSK, AstraZeneca and Pfizer on reporting and science-based targets.
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Europe is finally tackling the missing part in its climate policy toolbox – carbon removal. The upcoming Certification for Carbon Removals aims to feed into both the voluntary and regulatory carbon markets. If executed well, this will serve as an example globally. Meanwhile, countries are including various carbon removal methods in their Long Term Strategies. The role of carbon removal in the carbon markets under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement will grow. Eventually, the carbon markets will become carbon removal markets. In the first presentation, Eve Tamme will share her insights on carbon removals in European and international climate policy.
Responding to air pollution : setting the agenda to improve air quality John Middleton
Responding to air pollution : setting the agenda to improve air quality. Presentation for the Public Policy Exchange seminar on air quality 23rd October 2018 181022 middletonj final air pollution
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www.cranfield.ac.uk/about/people-and-resources/academic-profiles/satm-ac-profile/dr-chikage-c-miyoshi.html
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BlueScape 2022 Update: CEQA Air Quality & Greenhouse Gas Impact Studies Webin...BlueScape
In 2022, developers completing an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) must complete Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) impact technical studies to address the potential for significant environment impacts. In this webinar, you will learn about:
• Status in 2022 of the CEQA Guidelines, and local lead agency air quality and GHG analysis guidelines;
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• Project strategies; working with agencies and the public through the process;
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• Pollutant types and typical CEQA air quality and GHG analysis significance thresholds;
• Difference between Project Design Elements and Mitigation;
• Typical air quality and GHG mitigation requirements: How to address mitigation and monitoring;
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James A. Westbrook is the President of BlueScape Environmental, with over 30 years of experience completing CEQA Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas technical studies. He has led this type of work for the development of transmission lines, renewable energy farms, petroleum refinery expansion, power plants, manufacturing, landfills, rail expansion, airports, highways, seaports, retail centers, schools, and multifamily housing.
El 5 de juny de 2015, amb motiu del dia mundial del medi ambient, va tenir lloc el Simposi europeu sobre qualitat de l'aire, soroll i els seus efectes sobre la salut a les aglomeracions urbanes, un esdeveniment organitzat pel Departament de Territori i Sostenibilitat de la Generalitat de Catalunya, l'Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal) i el Centre de Recerca en Epidemiologia Ambiental (CREAL), centre aliat ISGlobal.
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Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
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National Air Quality Strategy: IAQM Committee’s View by Dr Claire Holman
1. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
National Air Quality Strategy:
IAQM Committee’s View
Dr Claire Holman
Brook Cottage Consultants/University College London
Chair, Institute of Air Quality Management
IAQM Discussion Meeting:
London 6 January 2018
2. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
Clean Air Strategy
Contents
1. 2016 Amended National Emissions Ceiling Directive
2. Environment Act 1995
3. Government’s 25 year Environment Strategy
4. What should be in the Clean Air Strategy?
5. Conclusions
2
3. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
Why a National CleanAir Strategy?
• 2016 amendments to National
Emissions Ceiling Directive
(NECD)
• Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the
European Parliament and of the
Council of 14 December 2016
on the reduction of national
emissions of certain atmospheric
pollutants, amending Directive
2003/35/EC and repealing
Directive 2001/81/EC
• To be transposed into UK
legislation by 1 July 2018.
3
4. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
• ...to move towards achieving levels of air quality that do not give rise
to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the
environment
• Emission reduction commitments for anthropogenic atmospheric
emissions of
• SO2
• NOx
• NMVOC
• NH3
• PM2.5
Aim of Directive 2016/2284
Directive to contribute to achieving:
• the EU AQ objectives set in legislation
• progress towards EU long-term objective
of achieving levels of air quality in line with
the WHO air quality guidelines;
• EU biodiversity and ecosystem objectives
• enhanced synergies between EU's AQ
policy and other relevant EU policies (in
particular climate and energy policies)
4
5. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
• Directive requires NAPCPs to be drawn up, adopted and
implemented
• To comply with emission reduction commitments, and to contribute
effectively to the achievement of the air quality objectives
• Emissions and impacts to be monitored and reported
• Should take account of the need to reduce emissions, in particular
NOx and PM2.5 in zones and agglomerations affected by excessive air
pollutant concentrations
• National air pollution control programmes should contribute to the
successful implementation of air quality plans established under the
Ambient AQ Directive
• 1st NAPCPs to the Commission by 1 April 2019 (after BREXIT!)
National air pollution control programmes (NAPCPs)
5
6. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
2020-2029 From 2030
UK EU UK EU
SO2 59% 59% 88% 79%
NOx 55% 42% 73% 63%
NMVOC 32% 28% 39% 40%
NH3 8% 6% 16% 19%
PM2.5 30% 22% 46% 49%
Emission reductions from 2005 (Directive 2016/2284)
6
Greatest risk - not meeting emission ceilings for PM2.5 and NH3
7. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
NAPCPs should consider measures applicable to all
relevant sectors, including:
• Agriculture
• Energy
• Industry
• Road transport
• Inland shipping
• Domestic heating
• Non-road mobile machinery
• Solvents
• Waste.
Sectors
7
8. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
EnvironmentAct 1995 - NationalAir Quality Strategy (NAQS)
8
13. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
• Focus should be on improving air quality and reducing
public exposure
• Recognition needed that emissions and concentrations
are not linear, especially for secondary pollutants, and
therefore an emission strategy would be inadequate
• The CAS is a great opportunity to look develop a holistic
approach encompassing at a wide range of air pollutants
(all there reported to the EC?)
• Need clarity regarding what policies and measured will
be included (Government’s Environment Strategy is
grossly inadequate wrt air quality)
Clean Air Strategy – General Comments
14. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
1. BREXIT
a) How will European Commission’s scrutiny role will be
replaced?
• Statutory Air Quality Committee responsible to Parliament similar in
structure to the Climate Change Committee?
• New powers of the Environment Agency? (but not independent of
Government)
b) Role of BAT Reference (BREF) documents?
c) Vehicle emission legislation – UK likely to follow EU to
enable trade
d) Role of EU air quality limit values? Mandatory vs non-
mandatory UK objectives.
e) Ensure all EU AQ legislation is incorporated fully into UK
legislation
f) Seek on-going UK/EU co-operation e.g. UK to remain
member of European Environment Agency
What should be included in CAS?
14
15. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
What should be included in CAS?
EU legislation :
Defra:
• Monitoring
• Modelling
• Reporting (to
Commission)
• Everywhere with a
few exceptions
National legislation
Local authorities:
• Monitoring
• Modelling
• Reporting (to
Defra)
• Where there is
exposure
Same Pollutants- Same Concentrations
Same aim but completely separate processes
Applies in different places
Two systems = Poor legislation
Public (and others!) are confused
15
2. Greater alignment of ambient air quality legislation
16. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
3. AQ standards + critical loads
• Regularly review AQ standards to take account of new data
What should be included in CAS?
16
Source: Prof Frank Kelly, Routes to Clean Air 2017
17. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
4. Exposure reduction targets
a) In addition to, not instead of, AQ standards to protect
public health
b) To be based on the WHO guideline values?
c) Applicable for the major non-threshold pollutants (e.g.
PM2.5) ?(will evidence show in the future there no air
pollutant has a threshold below which there is no
effect?)
d) Applicable to all air pollutants where there are
significant background concentrations (e.g. NO2)?
What should be included in CAS?
17
Source: Prof Frank Kelly, Routes to Clean Air 2017
18. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
5. Road transport
a) Real world NH3 emissions from diesel/SCR vehicles –
urgently needed to develop emission factors
b) Control of NH3 emissions from road transport
(especially diesel light duty). Also primary NO2?
c) Control of non-exhaust PM emissions
d) Continuous programme of testing on-road vehicle
emissions to enable UK emission factors to be
developed (historically UK did this; Netherlands still do)
e) Random testing of in-service emission performance
(evidence of SRC systems immobilised). Prosecution
where deliberate and/or persistent.
What should be included in CAS?
18
19. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
6. Clear plan to achieve PM2.5/NH3 ceilings
a) How will UK meet emission ceilings?
b) How will UK ensure that PM2.5 concentrations decline to
the WHO guideline value? International co-operation
required (see BREXIT slide
c) Explain how NH3 emissions from agriculture will be
controlled including timescales
d) See road transport slide re. vehicle emissions
e) Address domestic burning of solid fuel
What should be included in CAS?
19
20. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
7. Planning system
a) Ensure more weight is given to AQ in the planning system
b) Revise NPPF and air quality PPG? SPG/SPDs
c) AQ focus areas where wide AQMS declared; with tighter
planning requirements?
d) Cumulative impacts of boiler NOx emissions in urban areas
not well considered?
e) Short term exposure under-estimated?
f) Consider links between land-use, transport an air quality
What should be included in CAS?
20
21. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
8. Research
a) Re-examine source apportionment for the five NECD pollutants
b) Continue to fund and extend monitoring networks (ambient air quality
and deposition)
c) Fund the analysis of monitoring data
d) Undertake measurements of emissions from domestic fuel
combustion, NRMM and agriculture to develop more robust emission
factors for inventories
e) Fund local authority to resource enforcement of smoke control areas
f) Review the research gaps
g) How does policy development deal with future uncertainty (ignore it?).
h) Role for expert groups to make help make good policy judgements
i) Examine environmental justice of changes in transport policy and air
quality (social, health and environmental inequalities)
What should be included in CAS?
21
22. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
9. Other issues
a) PM Constituents of PM
• Black carbon?
• Particle number?
• Metals?
• Plastics?
b) Indoor air quality
c) Exposure on public transport and other modes of
transport
d) Effect of physical barriers, including vegetation, on
dispersion of air pollution
What should be included in CAS?
23. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
10. Uncertainty
a) Policy must be based on good quality and up-to-date scientific/
medical evidence
b) There will always be uncertainty
c) Uncertainty must not be an excuse to paralyse decision making
d) But should be an important consideration in policy development
and decision making.
e) Role for expert groups to make help make good policy judgements
What should be included in CAS?
23
24. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
11. New Clean Air Act
a) Geraint Davies, the Labour MP for Swansea West – proposed new
Clean Air Act (22 November 2017)
b) Clean Air for London drafted a Clean Air Act with support of
Baroness Jenny Jones (Green) and others
c) New legislation would be a clear commitment from Government
that air pollution is a high priority.
What should be included in CAS?
24
25. Brook Cottage Consultants Ltd.: Experts in Air Quality Management
a) Need for a new AQS – a lot has changed since 2007
b) CAS needs to comprehensively address how adverse
health/ecological effects will be reduced.
c) Improved LAQM system with mandatory limit values
d) Independent scrutiny of the effectiveness of air quality policy
e) Must explain post BREXIT strategy
f) Key current issues are NH3 and PM2.5 (black carbon in longer
term?)
g) International co-operation remains essential
h) Revision of NPPF/PPG wrt to AQ
i) Policy must be evidence based
j) Funding commitment for AQ research, and development of
evidence and fit for purpose policy tools.
k) Need for a new Clean Air Act to demonstrate Government
commitment to improving air quality
Conclusions
25