Narrative theory
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This document summarizes several narrative theories and theorists that are relevant to analyzing media texts. It discusses narrative as involving a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. The narrative theory analyzes how media conveys meaning through stories. Various theorists contributed approaches for analyzing characters, plot structure, codes, and underlying cultural themes/oppositions. Narrative analysis examines elements like mise-en-scene and editing that construct meaning and how audiences make sense of narratives.
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Narrative theory 'Wake me up by Avicii'
Within the music video for "Wake Me Up" by Avicii, several narrative theories can be seen at work. Vladimir Propp's character archetypes of hero, princess, villain and helper are represented by the two sisters and the people of their town. Tzvetan Todorov's five-stage model of narrative is also evident, as the sisters disrupt the equilibrium of their town, leading one sister to search for where they truly belong. Roland Barthes' codes, including the symbolic tattoo motif, help establish differences between groups. Finally, Claude Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, such as modern/old-fashioned and happy/sad, reflect cultural values through the two contrasting towns depicted
Task english
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Within the music video for "Wake Me Up" by Avicii, several narrative theories can be seen at work. Vladimir Propp's character archetypes of hero, princess, villain and helper are represented by the two sisters and the people of their town. Tzvetan Todorov's five-stage model of narrative is also evident, as the sisters disrupt the equilibrium of their town, leading one sister to search for where they truly belong. Roland Barthes' codes, including the symbolic tattoo motif, help establish differences between groups. Finally, Claude Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, such as modern/old-fashioned and happy/sad, reflect cultural values through the two contrasting towns depicted
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EDM CD Cover Analysis
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The document discusses how Mulvey's theory of the male gaze is represented in a music video and its accompanying digipak. The camera focuses on the curves of the female body throughout the video, reinforcing the male gaze. The vibrant colors of the digipak reflect the artistic style of electronic music and help construct the artist's style while encoding a message about the male gaze to audiences. The positioning of shots and use of the rule of thirds directs the viewer's gaze up the female character's body in a sexually suggestive manner.
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This document discusses several poems by Thom Gunn and analyzes them based on various themes such as identity, growth, nature, relationships, death, family, religion, sexuality, time, and alienation. It analyzes Gunn's poems "Tamer and Hawk", "During an Absence", "The Corridor", and "(To Tony White)" and discusses how each poem presents ideas related to these themes. For example, it notes that "Tamer and Hawk" explores identity, relationships, sexuality and time through its metaphor of hawking. It also explains that "During an Absence" examines identity, alienation, sexuality and time in the context of Gunn's experience as a gay man.
How are postmodern media texts different from normal texts
Postmodern media texts differ from normal texts in several ways:
1) They incorporate elements of pastiche, genre hybridity, intertextuality, and self-reference that make them more complex and challenge notions of reality.
2) Examples like Blade Runner, Scream 4, music videos by Lady Gaga and Madonna, and the video game The Sims use techniques like referencing other works, blurring fiction and reality, and allowing for new creative expressions.
3) By bringing in features from multiple genres and styles, and allowing for new perspectives on identity and culture, postmodern media offer audiences and creators more freedom and novelty compared to traditional or modernist works.
Filmic Analysis and Video Games
This document discusses how filmic analysis and literary analysis has evolved to include other art forms such as paintings, photographs, and video games. It provides an example of how a painting was analyzed and related to the film The Skin I Live In. Modern technologies like video games, virtual reality, and computer animation have created new forms of interactive experiences that can also be analyzed textually. The document uses the video game Dying Light as an example, summarizing the game's plot about airdropping into a city overrun by zombies and helping survivors. It argues that philosophies from thinkers like Deleuze, Agamben, Kafka, Benjamin, Derrida, and Nietzsche can be applied to understand modern
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Title Analysis - Goodfellas
The opening sequence of Goodfellas uses several techniques to set the tone and provide context for the film. It begins with a flash-forward scene to build tension and give a sense of the characters' demise. The title frames have a fast-paced feel resembling a speeding car to portray the film's forward motion. Using a lack of soundtrack makes the scene feel more realistic. The white bold title text against a black background symbolizes the dangerous and perilous nature of the gangster genre. One character commits a shadowy murder that reflects the film's heading, using color and expressions to represent rage and vulnerability.
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The video analysis summarizes scenes from the Foo Fighters music video for "The Pretender". It notes that the video depicts a performance by the band contrasted with scenes of uniformed police officers who are numbered and look identical, representing a lack of individuality and freedom. The analysis suggests the video portrays the police officers as "pretenders" hiding their true selves, as referenced in the song's lyrics. It notes the meaning could also symbolize the blood spilled by U.S. police and people fighting back against police control in recent years.
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Wallander
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1234
The document proposes two music video ideas. The first follows a male protagonist's journey after a breakup, showing his emotional breakdown through themes of alcohol, violence, anger and pain. The second idea is a drama genre video with a dark, edgy atmosphere conveying linked themes and conventions. It suggests music by Matt Healy, The 1975, Russ and The Weeknd to set the mood. Pros are a relatable narrative and large audience, while cons are a similar style may lack authenticity and require a skilled lead actor.
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Media language
This document provides an overview of key concepts in media language and semiotics. It discusses technical elements of mise-en-scene, camera, sound, and editing used in media texts. It also explains codes and how they create meaning. Additionally, it summarizes the work and theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Charles Peirce, and Roland Barthes on signs and how meaning is constructed in media texts through symbolism, icons, and myths.
Genre Theory
1. Genre theory involves classifying films into categories based on shared conventions rather than viewing each film as unique. This allows audiences and the film industry to understand what to expect from different types of films.
2. Audiences enjoy genres because they provide a familiar structure and enable anticipation of predictable features. However, deviations from conventions can confuse or entertain audiences when conventions are broken within reason.
3. Genres are constantly evolving as societies and values change. Audiences influence genres by reviving them and increasingly expect genres to be played with given exposure to more films over time. Generic conventions from the past are giving way to hybridization and cross-pollination between genres.
EDM CD Cover Analysis
1) Electronic dance music (EDM) CD covers commonly use bright, bold colors like purple, blue, and green with an enhanced light glow to evoke a nightclub setting. Artist photos are sometimes featured but DJ covers often omit faces to maintain mystery.
2) Designs also include abstract shapes, landscapes, and artistic alterations of photos to make them stylized. Fonts are typically artistic deco styles. Song titles are larger than artist names.
3) EDM CD covers can be categorized into groups based on design elements but designs ultimately depend on the artist and music, with established artists focusing more on music over themselves.
Alesso Poster Analysis
The poster for Alesso's song "Heroes (We could be)" featuring Tove Lo splits the content into two sections promoting both the artist and song. The font, colors, and design mimic the single's CD cover, maintaining consistency across formats. By not including his face but rather a symbolic image from the music video, the poster directs viewers to watch the video to see Alesso's starring role. His neutral expression on the black and white photo aims to portray him as taking his music seriously while remaining approachable.
Team Meeting
Zephyr Advertisement is a creative agency discussing ideas for their company branding. They considered various name, slogan, and color scheme options from four team members. The final decisions were to use the name "Zephyr Advertisement", slogan "Regenerating ideas", and a color scheme combining gold and black suggested by Stan and Andrew. The target audience will be young adults.
Electronic Dance Music Genre Research
Electronic dance music, or EDM, is a genre of electronic music meant to be danced to, often in nightclubs or parties. It uses electronic instruments like synthesizers, drum machines, and computers to create upbeat beats. EDM originated from a fusion of disco and electronic music in the 1970s, as seen in Donna Summer's "I Feel Love." Pioneers like Giorgio Moroder and Kraftwerk helped develop early forms of EDM. In the late 1980s and 1990s, genres like house and techno gained popularity, and Madonna singles helped bring EDM more into the mainstream. Today, EDM includes many genres and is popular among 18-24 year old audiences,
Equipment List
The document provides an equipment list for a music video project. It details that the creator will use a Canon 1200D camera for its high frame rate and zoom lens. They will use a monopod and tripod to steady shots, and a green screen for the singer's scenes. Two studio lights will be used for lit scenes, while some shots will use a shoulder mount or be handheld. Footage will be recorded to two 16GB SD cards. Boxes with letters will be used in the dance sequence. Premiere Elements will be used for editing and Premiere After Effects for color grading, effects and challenges.
Shot List
The document is a shot list for a music video. It contains 14 scenes with descriptions of the shots planned for each scene including shot type, camera movements, and sound. The shots follow a singer through various outdoor and indoor locations including a beach, forest, countryside, bedroom, kitchen, street, alleyway, and studio. The shots include establishing shots, medium and close-up shots, pans, tracks and zooms to capture the singer and accompanying actors singing and dancing to the song.
Reece Photos and Floor Plan
This document provides location details and floor plans for 14 scenes in a video. Scene 1 takes place in the countryside to show rural beauty. Scene 2 is a forest at sunset to show the transition to evening. Scene 3 is a beach sunset to grab attention. Scene 4 is a bedroom for intimacy. Scene 5 is a street for arguments. Scenes 6 and 10 use a green screen for effects. Scene 7 and 12-14 take place in a field for dancing. Scene 8 is a forest for privacy. Scene 9 is an alleyway for bullying. Scene 11 is a neutral street location. Locations provide opportunities for shots and movement between scenes.
Production Schedule
This production schedule outlines the filming and editing timeline for a media studies project. It includes 8 scenes to be filmed between December 9th and December 29th requiring various actors in costume with props. Filming will use a Canon 1200D camera and take place at locations including a green screen, bedroom, field, forest, and street. Editing in Premiere Elements and After Effects is scheduled to take place between December 20th and February 3rd to complete the project.
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This document outlines a pre-production schedule for a music video project over 15 weeks. It includes activities such as analyzing similar music videos and genres, researching the target audience, drafting storyboards and shot lists, conducting location scouting, and developing plans for costumes, actors, and props. The schedule culminates in a production schedule detailing when filming and editing will take place. Regular blog posts are assigned to document and share the findings and progress of the pre-production research.
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Script for prelim
Character 1 walks down a corridor and enters a room where Character 2 is waiting. The two characters exchange looks and make small talk, with Character 1 asking about Character 2's toe and saying they need to leave. Character 1 then stands up and exits through the door, ending the scene.
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The document discusses the casting choices for various roles in a music video. Frances was chosen as the main character due to her acting experience. Elishia was selected as the singer for her caring face and some singing experience. Beth and Karis were chosen as professional dancers due to their dance competition experience. Sam was picked as the doubting character because he has acting experience and knows Frances. Mike, Jack and Eleanor were selected as the bullies due to intimidating heights and previous experience playing similar roles. Cameron will play the victim role due to his acting experience. Emily was chosen as the love heart character for her loving face. Ben will play the sad to happy character since he can convey those emotions with limited experience. Minimal props may
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Narrative theory
This document discusses various theories of narrative analysis that can be applied to different media. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate events. Several theorists are discussed, including Propp, who identified common character archetypes in folk stories, and Todorov, who proposed a 5-stage model of narrative structure. Other theorists mentioned are Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and Cameron. The document also discusses postmodern narratives and how narrative analysis considers elements like editing and sound to create meaning for audiences.
A little bit of narrative theory
This document discusses several concepts related to analyzing narratives:
1. It describes five common narrative codes - action, enigma, semic, symbolic, and cultural codes - that convey meaning to audiences.
2. It outlines characteristics of closed and open narratives, noting elements like resolution, character development, and timelines.
3. It discusses Vladimir Propp's analysis of character roles that commonly appear in folktales, such as villains, heroes, helpers, and rewards.
4. The concept of binary opposition is explained, in which narratives are driven by conflicts between opposing forces like good vs evil, order vs chaos. Analyzing these forces aids understanding of the narrative.
Narrative theorists
1) Bordwell & Thompson distinguish between the story (fabula) and the plot (syuzhet) in a narrative. The fabula includes all events seen and inferred, while the syuzhet is the specific order and techniques used to present those events.
2) Tim O'Sullivan argues that media texts tell stories about culture through careful construction. They reflect the values and concerns of the surrounding society at different eras.
3) Todorov created the theory of narrative equilibrium, where a disruption causes disequilibrium, recognition of the disruption, and restoration of a new equilibrium state.
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This document discusses Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory and its application to analyzing different film genres. It defines key concepts like story, plot, narrative, and equilibrium. Todorov breaks narratives down into three stages - the initial equilibrium, a period of disequilibrium caused by disruption, and the new equilibrium where normality is restored. The document provides examples of how to identify these stages in stories and discusses conventions like character archetypes that engage audiences.
Narrative theories
The document discusses key concepts in narrative theory, including definitions of narrative, plot, and story. It examines the work of four major narrative theorists: Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Claude Levi-Strauss, and Roland Barthes. Todorov identified the three-part structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium in narratives. Propp analyzed character archetypes. Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as being structured around binary oppositions. Barthes identified five narrative codes that make up every narrative.
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This document discusses various narrative theories and how they can be applied to analyze music videos. It defines narrative and describes approaches such as Todorov's 5 stages, Propp's 7 character types, and Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions. Roland Barthes' narrative codes of action, enigma, semantic, and cultural are also outlined. Finally, the document discusses postmodern concepts like pastiche, intertextuality, and modular narratives. Students are instructed to choose a music video and use the provided worksheet to analyze the narrative elements.
Narrative theory
This document summarizes key concepts and theorists related to narrative theory. It discusses how narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through storytelling and explains common narrative structures including a beginning, middle, and end. Several influential narrative theorists are outlined, such as Propp's characterization archetypes, Todorov's structural phases, Barthes' five codes, Levi-Strauss' focus on cultural values/myths, and postmodern concepts like nonlinearity, intertextuality, and self-reflexivity. The document also provides an example analysis of a Taylor Swift song through different theoretical lenses.
4 narrative
This document provides information on narrative theory and concepts that can be used to analyze stories and media texts. It discusses Tzvetan Todorov's concept of narrative as involving equilibrium, disequilibrium, and a new equilibrium. It also covers Claude Levi-Strauss's idea of narratives being driven by constant conflict between binary oppositions. Additionally, Vladimir Propp's characterization of common character types in folk tales, such as heroes, villains, and donors, is summarized. Examples are given of applying these theories to films and exploring their limitations. Students are assigned the task of analyzing one of their media texts using these narrative concepts.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning about events. Narrative theorists suggest there are a limited number of character types that audiences use to understand narratives. For example, Vladimir Propp identified character types like the villain, hero, donor, and princess. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that most narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disruption, resolution. Roland Barthes argued narratives can be broken down into codes like action, reference, and symbolism that help readers make sense of stories. Levi-Strauss examined how unconscious cultural values are reflected in narratives through binary oppositions such as good vs bad.
Media theories%2 f theory (1)
This document summarizes several media theorists and their perspectives on analyzing genres and narratives. It discusses Rick Altman's three ways of breaking down genre - semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic. It also outlines Tzetuan Todorov's theory of narrative structure as equilibrium, disruption, and restoration. Claude Levi-Strauss's view of narratives being driven by binary opposites is presented. Roland Barthes' concepts of enigma and action codes in narratives are covered. Finally, Vladimir Propp's idea of certain character types performing actions is mentioned.
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative theories:
- Narrative is how a story is told through a sequence of events, while the plot is the order characters learn about events.
- Barthes identified narrative codes like action and enigma that help audiences understand media texts.
- Levi-Strauss said narratives are propelled by conflicts that must be resolved.
- Todorov outlined a typical narrative form of equilibrium, disruption, recognition, attempt to repair, new equilibrium.
- Propp identified 31 narrative functions and 7 character types that commonly appear in stories, influencing many storytellers.
G325 1b narrative
The document discusses several theories of narrative structure from prominent theorists. It begins by outlining Roland Barthes' view that narrative consists of syntactic elements (themes, characters, situations) communicated through semantic elements (camera angles, transitions, sounds). It then discusses Vladimir Propp's idea of a limited number of character types and Vladimir Todorov's concept of narrative having an equilibrium, disequilibrium, and resolution structure. The document also summarizes theories from Branigan, Levi-Strauss, Goodwin/Vernallis and discusses how these perspectives can be applied to analyze ideologies in media texts.
Theorists
The document discusses several theorists that have contributed to understanding narratives and documentaries, including Tzevan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, Claude Levi-Strauss, and Steven Barnett. Todorov proposed that all stories follow a structure of equilibrium, disruption, and new equilibrium. Propp identified character roles like hero, villain, and dispatcher. Barthes described codes like enigma and action that control information for audiences. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's beliefs through binary oppositions. Barnett's "Disney fiction" theory suggests television dumbs down documentaries for ratings over serious content.
MediaFilmExchange.co.uk Powerpoint
The document introduces several key theorists and concepts relating to narrative structure. It discusses Tzvetan Todorov's concept of narrative equilibrium, Vladimir Propp's identification of 31 character functions in folktales, Roland Barthes' hermeneutic code of narrative suspense, and Claude Levi-Strauss' theory of binary oppositions in narrative meaning and structure. The document uses examples from films like Run Lola Run, True Blood, and Magnolia to illustrate these concepts.
Narrative theory
This document introduces several theorists of narrative structure, including Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, and Claude Levi-Strauss. It summarizes some of their main contributions: Todorov proposed narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium. Propp identified 31 narrative functions that follow a sequential order. Barthes described codes like the hermeneutic code that establish narrative mysteries. And Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as based on binary oppositions that reveal deeper ideological meanings.
Narrativestrcutureandtheory
The document discusses several traditional narrative theories and structures, including those proposed by Tzvetan Todorov, Claude Levi-Strauss, and Vladimir Propp. It also addresses challenges to linear narratives, such as open-ended or non-linear narratives, and discusses how some television shows use multi-strand narratives.
Narrative theory
The document provides an overview of narrative theory and how it can be applied to analyze media texts. It discusses various narrative theorists like Propp, Barthes, Todorov, Levi-Strauss, and postmodern approaches. Key concepts from each theorist are outlined such as narrative codes, character archetypes, equilibrium-disequilibrium-resolution structure, and binary oppositions. Students are instructed to apply these narrative theories to analyze their coursework products and evaluate how useful each perspective is.
Narrative investigation
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through sequences of causally related events unfolding over time. It can be applied to various media like film, TV, and social media profiles. Theorists like Edward Branigan see narratives as embodying judgments about events through cause-and-effect chains with a beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified common character types that fulfill narrative functions. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that narratives typically disrupt an initial equilibrium, requiring the protagonist to overcome challenges to restore the original state.
Narrative investigation
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through sequences of causally related events unfolding over time. It can be applied to various media like film, TV, and social media profiles. Theorists like Edward Branigan see narratives as embodying judgments about events through cause-and-effect chains with a beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified common character types that fulfill narrative functions. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that narratives typically begin with equilibrium, are disrupted by an outside force, then involve fighting to restore the initial equilibrium.
Narrative Theory
-Propp character theory
-Todorov stages theory
-Barthes enigma theory
-Strauss binary oppositions theory
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Narrative theory
- 1. Elishia Selby MediaStudies Narrative theory Narrative - Narrative is a ‘chain of events in a cause-effect relationship occurring in time’. (Bordwell & Thompson) - Narrative is a ‘way of organising spatial & temporal events in a cause-effect chain of events with a beginning/middle/end that embodies a judgement about the nature of events’. (Branigan 1992) The Narrative Theory - The narrative theory analyses the way media texts communicate meaning about events. - It can be applied to range of different media (Film/TV/Photographs/Magazines) - Narrative analysis of internet based media is more problematic (still relevant). E.g. you could considers someone’s Facebook profile and how it creates a narrative of their life. Edward Branigan (1992) - The narrative will embody a judgement-(ideology) Vladimir Propp (1928) - Russian Theorist - When an audience reads a media text it deploys its knowledge of these character types to decode the meaning of the text - Limited number of character types that share a function: Villain Hero/character that seeks something Donor (provides magic property) –i.e Obe wan and the light-saber Helper (aids hero)/sidekick Princess (reward for the hero/object of the Villain’s schemes) (can be male) Her father (rewards the hero) Dispatcher (sends hero on way) False hero (lays to claimto the princess but is unsuitable/cause complications)
- 2. Elishia Selby MediaStudies Tzventan Todorov (1969) - 1. Equilibrium (everything normal) - 2. Disruption of the equilibrium - 3. Recognition of the disruption - 4. An attempt to repair the damage - 5. New equilibrium Roland Barthes (1960s) - Recognised 5 codes: Action code-Event taking place through action (Fight/chase) Referential code- Information and explanation Semantic code- Characters and characterisation Enigma code- Narrative device that teases the audited by presenting a puzzle/riddle to be solved, to delay the story’s ending pleasurable (Mystery) Symbolic code- Connotations of signs Claude Levi-Strauss (1972) - Social anthropologist- Studied myths of tribal culture - Examined how stories unconsciously reflect the values/beliefs/myths of a culture - Usually express in the form of binary oppositions - His research has been adapted by theorists to reveal underlying themes and symbolic oppositions in texts. Allan Cameron (2008) Modular Narratives: - Since 1990s there has been a trend towards narrative complexity within popular cinema - Anachronic-Modified flashbacks/flash-forwards-No clear dominance between narrative threads - Forking-path- Alternative versions of the story-Outcomes that might result from slight charges - Episodic- collection of stories joined by a common theme - Split screen-Spatial rather than temporal lines
- 3. Elishia Selby MediaStudies Postmodern Narratives - Some theorist suggest postmodern narratives are different from pervious narrative structures: Irony/playfulness/black humour Intertextuality Pastiche Metanarratives Extreme self-reflexivity/self-awareness Temporal distortion Hyper-reality Narrative Analysis - Narrative analysis involves considering a range of elements such as ‘mise-en- scene/editing/camerawork/sound/events’ which all - create meaning for the audience - It focuses on how the meanings made by the audience are constructed - How useful is this approach Review Theorists Theorist Example- Taylor Swift You belong with me Propp - Taylor Swift- You belong with me - Hero-Blonde Taylor - Princess/prince- The boy next door - Villain- brunette Taylor Todorov - Normally talking - Disruption is she loves him - But he goes off with another girl - Tries to get him by going to prom - Chosen over the brunette (typical cliché) Barthes - The white and red dresses symbolise good and evil - Fight over the boy (slightly) - We know she loves him by the placard - Geek/band player/girl next door/doesn’t drive/princess/blonde/studying - Slut/bimbo/drives a nice car/rich/brunette/partier - Cute boy/boy next door/jock/sporty - Challenges-Writing on paper not email/phone, blonde hair is the nicer one, the brunette is the nastier one, Levi-Strauss - Binary oppositions the two girls- one nice and one selfish - Again the use of the red and white dress-code symbolises the differences - The typical cheerleader and band player opposites - She wearing short skirts opposite t-shirts - Jock and geek - Blonde and brunette