Narrative theory
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Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning about events through organized spatial and temporal relationships. It views narrative as a chain of causally linked events that have a beginning, middle, and end embodying a judgment about the nature of those events. Various theorists have proposed models for analyzing narratives, including Propp's characterization types, Todorov's equilibrium stages, Barthes' codes, and Levi-Strauss' exploration of binary oppositions reflecting a culture's values. More recent trends include nonlinear and self-reflexive postmodern narratives. Narrative analysis examines how elements like editing, camerawork and sound construct meaning for audiences.
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Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyses how media texts communicate meaning through stories. A narrative involves a chain of causally linked events that unfold over time, typically having a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists like Propp, Todorov, Barthes, and Levi-Strauss have developed models for analyzing narratives. Propp identified common character archetypes in folktales. Todorov and Barthes described structural elements like narrative codes and disruption/restoration of equilibrium. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's values through binary oppositions. Narrative analysis considers various elements used to create meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
This document provides an overview of several narrative theories:
1. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end, and discusses theorists like Branigan who see narrative as embodying ideological judgments.
2. Theorists discussed include Propp, Todorov, Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and postmodern thinkers. Propp identified character archetypes like heroes and villains. Todorov analyzed narrative structure as equilibrium disrupted and repaired. Barthes saw narratives as composed of codes like action, characters, and symbols.
3. Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as exploring binary oppositions. Postmodern narratives are characterized by techniques like pastiche
Narrative theory
This document summarizes key concepts and theorists related to narrative theory. It discusses how narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through storytelling and explains common narrative structures including a beginning, middle, and end. Several influential narrative theorists are outlined, such as Propp's characterization archetypes, Todorov's structural phases, Barthes' five codes, Levi-Strauss' focus on cultural values/myths, and postmodern concepts like nonlinearity, intertextuality, and self-reflexivity. The document also provides an example analysis of a Taylor Swift song through different theoretical lenses.
Narrative theory - A2 Media
This document outlines several theories of narrative including definitions, key theorists, and concepts. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists discussed include Propp, who identified common character archetypes; Barthes, who broke narratives into five codes; Levi-Strauss, who examined how myths reflect cultural values; and Allan Cameron, who categorized modular narrative structures like episodic and forking-path narratives. Postmodern narratives are described as playful, intertextual, and self-reflexive. Overall, the document provides an overview of narrative theory, major thinkers, and analytical approaches.
Narrative theory
This document discusses various theories of narrative analysis that can be applied to different media. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate events. Several theorists are discussed, including Propp, who identified common character archetypes in folk stories, and Todorov, who proposed a 5-stage model of narrative structure. Other theorists mentioned are Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and Cameron. The document also discusses postmodern narratives and how narrative analysis considers elements like editing and sound to create meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through events arranged in a causal sequence over time. Key theorists include Propp, who identified character archetypes like heroes and villains; Todorov, who described the typical narrative structure as an initial equilibrium disrupted by events and resolved with a new equilibrium; and Barthes, who recognized codes like actions and characters that help readers make sense of narratives. Narrative analysis considers elements like camerawork and events that construct meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
This document provides an overview of several narrative theories and theorists. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events unfolding over time according to Bordwell and Thompson. Branigan emphasizes that narratives embody judgments about the nature of events. Propp analyzed character archetypes in stories, identifying 8 main character roles. Todorov and Barthes contributed additional frameworks for analyzing narratives through codes. Levi-Strauss discussed how narratives often rely on binary oppositions. Cameron identified different types of complex contemporary narratives. Examples are provided for how Propp's, Todorov's, Barthes' and Levi-Strauss' theories apply to the Taylor Swift song "You Belong with Me".
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning about events. Narrative theorists suggest there are a limited number of character types that audiences use to understand narratives. For example, Vladimir Propp identified character types like the villain, hero, donor, and princess. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that most narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disruption, resolution. Roland Barthes argued narratives can be broken down into codes like action, reference, and symbolism that help readers make sense of stories. Levi-Strauss examined how unconscious cultural values are reflected in narratives through binary oppositions such as good vs bad.
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Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyses how media texts communicate meaning through stories. A narrative involves a chain of causally linked events that unfold over time, typically having a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists like Propp, Todorov, Barthes, and Levi-Strauss have developed models for analyzing narratives. Propp identified common character archetypes in folktales. Todorov and Barthes described structural elements like narrative codes and disruption/restoration of equilibrium. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's values through binary oppositions. Narrative analysis considers various elements used to create meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
This document provides an overview of several narrative theories:
1. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end, and discusses theorists like Branigan who see narrative as embodying ideological judgments.
2. Theorists discussed include Propp, Todorov, Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and postmodern thinkers. Propp identified character archetypes like heroes and villains. Todorov analyzed narrative structure as equilibrium disrupted and repaired. Barthes saw narratives as composed of codes like action, characters, and symbols.
3. Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as exploring binary oppositions. Postmodern narratives are characterized by techniques like pastiche
Narrative theory
This document summarizes key concepts and theorists related to narrative theory. It discusses how narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through storytelling and explains common narrative structures including a beginning, middle, and end. Several influential narrative theorists are outlined, such as Propp's characterization archetypes, Todorov's structural phases, Barthes' five codes, Levi-Strauss' focus on cultural values/myths, and postmodern concepts like nonlinearity, intertextuality, and self-reflexivity. The document also provides an example analysis of a Taylor Swift song through different theoretical lenses.
Narrative theory - A2 Media
This document outlines several theories of narrative including definitions, key theorists, and concepts. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists discussed include Propp, who identified common character archetypes; Barthes, who broke narratives into five codes; Levi-Strauss, who examined how myths reflect cultural values; and Allan Cameron, who categorized modular narrative structures like episodic and forking-path narratives. Postmodern narratives are described as playful, intertextual, and self-reflexive. Overall, the document provides an overview of narrative theory, major thinkers, and analytical approaches.
Narrative theory
This document discusses various theories of narrative analysis that can be applied to different media. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate events. Several theorists are discussed, including Propp, who identified common character archetypes in folk stories, and Todorov, who proposed a 5-stage model of narrative structure. Other theorists mentioned are Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and Cameron. The document also discusses postmodern narratives and how narrative analysis considers elements like editing and sound to create meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through events arranged in a causal sequence over time. Key theorists include Propp, who identified character archetypes like heroes and villains; Todorov, who described the typical narrative structure as an initial equilibrium disrupted by events and resolved with a new equilibrium; and Barthes, who recognized codes like actions and characters that help readers make sense of narratives. Narrative analysis considers elements like camerawork and events that construct meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
This document provides an overview of several narrative theories and theorists. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events unfolding over time according to Bordwell and Thompson. Branigan emphasizes that narratives embody judgments about the nature of events. Propp analyzed character archetypes in stories, identifying 8 main character roles. Todorov and Barthes contributed additional frameworks for analyzing narratives through codes. Levi-Strauss discussed how narratives often rely on binary oppositions. Cameron identified different types of complex contemporary narratives. Examples are provided for how Propp's, Todorov's, Barthes' and Levi-Strauss' theories apply to the Taylor Swift song "You Belong with Me".
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning about events. Narrative theorists suggest there are a limited number of character types that audiences use to understand narratives. For example, Vladimir Propp identified character types like the villain, hero, donor, and princess. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that most narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disruption, resolution. Roland Barthes argued narratives can be broken down into codes like action, reference, and symbolism that help readers make sense of stories. Levi-Strauss examined how unconscious cultural values are reflected in narratives through binary oppositions such as good vs bad.
Classic narrative
This document discusses several classic narrative patterns and theories. It explains Tzvetan Todorov's theory of the classic narrative pattern which follows the structure of equilibrium disrupted by an event and resolved with order restored. Vladimir Propp identified character types and actions in fairy tales. The classic pattern works through equilibrium, disruption, resolution, restored order, and new equilibrium. It also discusses Claude Levi-Strauss's structuralist ideas about binary opposites in narratives and Roland Barthes's five codes that make up all stories: action, semantic, enigma, referential, and symbolic codes.
Theory project
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that media messages can be directly injected into passive audiences' brains, influencing their beliefs. It views audiences as weak and the media as powerful. However, the theory ignores that audiences think critically and disagree with media at times. It was popular in the 1930s-40s but is now widely debunked in favor of theories recognizing audiences' active interpretations of media.
Narrative theory
This document discusses various theories of narrative, including definitions, theorists, and concepts. It defines narrative as a chain of events organized in a causal relationship with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists discussed include Branigan, Propp, Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and others. Branigan views narrative as embodying a judgment about events. Propp identified character archetypes. Barthes identified five codes that help readers make sense of narratives. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's values and beliefs through binary oppositions. The document also discusses postmodern narratives and concepts like pastiche and intertextuality.
The Matrix
Media Life is a course intended for undergraduate students across campus. Its goal is to make people aware of the role that media play in their everyday life. The key to understanding a "media life" is to see our lives not as lived WITH media (which would lead to a focus on media effects and media-centric theories of society), but rather IN media (where the distinction between what we do with and without media dissolves).
Narrative
Narrative is the organization of a series of events that gives them coherence and allows humans to make sense of experiences. Media texts use narrative structures to engage audiences efficiently with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified 8 character types and 31 narrative functions that move fairy tales along, while Tzvetan Todorov developed the theory of disrupted equilibrium where an initial status quo is disrupted by an event before being restored at the end. For horror narratives, Todorov's model applies as the status quo is disrupted by a monster's appearance, which characters then work to destroy in the resolution.
Critical Histories of the Image
This document discusses different perspectives on ideology and its relationship to power and the media. It begins by exploring the origins of the term "ideology" from a Marxist viewpoint, seeing ideology as reflecting the dominant ideas that serve to naturalize relations of exploitation. It also discusses critics of Marxism and the rise of postmodern and pluralist positions. The document then examines the concepts of "discourses" and how different systems of language can shape understanding. It concludes by using news media as a case study to analyze how ideologies relate to news values and cultures of professionalism in the industry.
Narrative theories 1
The document discusses Tzvetan Todorov's theories on narrative structure. It states that Todorov divides a conventional narrative into three acts: a beginning, middle, and end. The beginning establishes equilibrium in the story world, the middle contains events that disrupt this equilibrium and introduce disequilibrium, and the end achieves a new state of equilibrium by resolving the conflicts introduced in the middle.
Genre, Narrative and Representation for G321 AS Media Coursework Research
This document discusses the connections between key concepts in media studies, including genre, narrative, and representation. It provides definitions of narrative elements like plot, story, and syntactic/enigma codes from theorists like Bordwell, Thompson, and Barthes. It also discusses representation theories around gender and the male gaze. Examples are provided of how these concepts work together in genres like thrillers through representations of women and use of enigma codes.
Claude levi strauss[1]
Claude Levi-Strauss studied myths from around the world and discovered that humans make sense of the world through binary oppositions. He found that narratives are structured around the conflict between binary opposites such as good vs evil. Levi-Strauss believed the central climax of any narrative comes from the conflict between these opposing pairs of concepts.
Analysis of the big knife title sequence
The document analyzes the title sequence of a film, suggesting that the wonky font, plain text on a black background, lack of color, and constant close-ups portray the mental instability and psychological turmoil of the protagonist. These elements also foreshadow dark and ominous events that will destroy the protagonist's life and lead him into an inescapable psychological pain.
Storytelling Theory
This document summarizes several theories of narrative and genre. It discusses how narratives typically follow a three-act structure of setup, confrontation, and resolution. It also outlines Vladimir Propp's characterization archetypes and how Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed how myths unconsciously reflect a culture's values through binary oppositions. Additionally, it notes that genres are dynamic and evolve over time through hybridization, with audiences growing tired of strict formulas and conventions changing to reflect societal values.
Narrative theory
This document introduces several theorists of narrative structure, including Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, and Claude Levi-Strauss. It summarizes some of their main contributions: Todorov proposed narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium. Propp identified 31 narrative functions that follow a sequential order. Barthes described codes like the hermeneutic code that establish narrative mysteries. And Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as based on binary oppositions that reveal deeper ideological meanings.
Film theories research for the genre asignment 9ii
This document summarizes several film theory concepts and how they relate to analyzing horror films. It discusses Tzvetan Todorov's concepts of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium in narratives. It also mentions Claude Levi-Strauss's theory of binary opposition and Vladimir Propp's characterization of character archetypes like the villain, donor, and hero. Specific horror films like The Shining, Texas Chainsaw Massacre, and Misery are used as examples to demonstrate these theoretical concepts in action. The document concludes that these theories are useful for understanding the themes, decisions, suspense, and emotions created in the horror genre.
Narrative theory and genre theory
This document discusses various narrative and genre theories. It outlines key concepts from theorists such as Vladimir Propp's model of character archetypes in narratives, Tzvetan Todorov's model of narrative structure including equilibrium, disruption, recognition, attempt, and new equilibrium, and Roland Barthes' codes for analyzing narratives. It also discusses genre theory, noting that genres are dynamic and change over time through hybridization, as argued by theorists like David Buckingham and Rick Altman. Genres can be recognized through repeated generic codes and conventions according to Tom Ryall.
Thriller pres
The thriller genre became popular after the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963 due to the political thrillers and paranoid thrillers that explored conspiracy theories around his death. Thrillers heavily stimulate emotions like anticipation, excitement, and tension through techniques like cliffhangers and misleading clues. Common elements include investigations, kidnappings, and stalking, depending on the subgenre. The goal is to keep audiences on the "edge of their seats" and satisfy their emotions with a climactic resolution. While similar to horrors in iconography and themes, thrillers appeal to both genders but are often considered more male-oriented.
Audience theory
This document provides an overview of narrative theory and conventions. It discusses how narratives generally follow a three-act structure of setup, confrontation, and resolution. It also describes several theorists' models for analyzing narratives, including Propp's character archetypes, Barthes' five codes, and Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions. Finally, it notes that postmodern narratives are more playful, self-reflexive, and use techniques like intertextuality, pastiche and temporal distortion.
Narrative theory theorists
This document discusses narrative theory and several theorists who have contributed to its study. It defines narrative as "a chain of events in a cause effect relationship occurring in time" that has a beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified 8 returning character archetypes in narratives. Tzvetan Todorov viewed narrative as moving from equilibrium to disequilibrium to resolution and a new equilibrium. Roland Barthes broke down narratives into 5 codes: action, enigma, semantic, referential, and symbolic. Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed how narratives use binary opposites such as poor vs rich and good vs bad.
Ryan Collier a2 media
The document summarizes several media theories:
1) The two step flow theory proposes that ideas spread from media to opinion leaders and then to the wider population. It was introduced in 1944 and elaborated in 1955.
2) Uses and gratification theory examines why people seek out specific media to satisfy needs like relationships, escape, and identity.
3) Barthes' enigma code theory suggests media leaves audiences with questions to intrigue them. Films often reveal culprits at the end.
4) Todorov's theory of equilibrium analyzes film texts in five stages of equilibrium and disequilibrium.
Target audience
Indie pop music targets audiences aged 16-22. Record labels help spread awareness of up-and-coming indie pop artists through social media platforms like YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter. While indie pop has roots in genres popular with both men and women, it aims to appeal to all genders. The target demographic is typically 15-21 year olds, especially students who value independence and are striving to achieve freedom in their young adulthood. Indie pop fans often have artistic and creative styles of their own and the genre contrasts alternative rock by being more melodic and incorporating retro elements like vocals, guitars, and piano.
Hillier jade
Jade Hillier completed pre-production tasks for her film project including genre analysis, script, storyboard, shotlist, floor plans, locations, costumes, props, actors, and equipment. The teacher noted Jade was missing analysis of similar products but that her other pre-production work demonstrated excellent and careful planning. The teacher awarded Jade 15 out of 20 marks and suggested including similar product analysis for improvement.
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories of audiences and media consumption:
1. Audience theory proposes that all media has a target audience, and sometimes tries to construct audiences. Products can have mass or niche audiences.
2. The Frankfurt School proposed the "effects model" which viewed audiences as passive individuals susceptible to media messages. This view has been disproven as audiences can interact with media in more complex ways.
3. The two-step flow theory developed by Lazarsfeld and Katz suggests that opinion leaders first receive information from media, then pass it along to friends and family with their own interpretation, making personal connections more influential than mass media.
4. More recent theories view audiences as active participants who
Genre theory
Genre theory aims to classify films into categories based on shared characteristics. Genres help audiences understand what to expect from a film and help the film industry target demand. While genres provide structure, they are also dynamic and evolve over time to reflect societal changes. For example, war films now depict cyber wars, and comedies feature less stereotypical humor. Genre theorists debate whether genres are fixed forms or constantly changing through hybridization and borrowing between genres. Overall, genres provide benefits of structure for audiences and industry but can also restrict creativity and risk alienating audiences if conventions are not pushed or blended in new ways.
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Classic narrative
This document discusses several classic narrative patterns and theories. It explains Tzvetan Todorov's theory of the classic narrative pattern which follows the structure of equilibrium disrupted by an event and resolved with order restored. Vladimir Propp identified character types and actions in fairy tales. The classic pattern works through equilibrium, disruption, resolution, restored order, and new equilibrium. It also discusses Claude Levi-Strauss's structuralist ideas about binary opposites in narratives and Roland Barthes's five codes that make up all stories: action, semantic, enigma, referential, and symbolic codes.
Theory project
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that media messages can be directly injected into passive audiences' brains, influencing their beliefs. It views audiences as weak and the media as powerful. However, the theory ignores that audiences think critically and disagree with media at times. It was popular in the 1930s-40s but is now widely debunked in favor of theories recognizing audiences' active interpretations of media.
Narrative theory
This document discusses various theories of narrative, including definitions, theorists, and concepts. It defines narrative as a chain of events organized in a causal relationship with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists discussed include Branigan, Propp, Barthes, Levi-Strauss, and others. Branigan views narrative as embodying a judgment about events. Propp identified character archetypes. Barthes identified five codes that help readers make sense of narratives. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's values and beliefs through binary oppositions. The document also discusses postmodern narratives and concepts like pastiche and intertextuality.
The Matrix
Media Life is a course intended for undergraduate students across campus. Its goal is to make people aware of the role that media play in their everyday life. The key to understanding a "media life" is to see our lives not as lived WITH media (which would lead to a focus on media effects and media-centric theories of society), but rather IN media (where the distinction between what we do with and without media dissolves).
Narrative
Narrative is the organization of a series of events that gives them coherence and allows humans to make sense of experiences. Media texts use narrative structures to engage audiences efficiently with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified 8 character types and 31 narrative functions that move fairy tales along, while Tzvetan Todorov developed the theory of disrupted equilibrium where an initial status quo is disrupted by an event before being restored at the end. For horror narratives, Todorov's model applies as the status quo is disrupted by a monster's appearance, which characters then work to destroy in the resolution.
Critical Histories of the Image
This document discusses different perspectives on ideology and its relationship to power and the media. It begins by exploring the origins of the term "ideology" from a Marxist viewpoint, seeing ideology as reflecting the dominant ideas that serve to naturalize relations of exploitation. It also discusses critics of Marxism and the rise of postmodern and pluralist positions. The document then examines the concepts of "discourses" and how different systems of language can shape understanding. It concludes by using news media as a case study to analyze how ideologies relate to news values and cultures of professionalism in the industry.
Narrative theories 1
The document discusses Tzvetan Todorov's theories on narrative structure. It states that Todorov divides a conventional narrative into three acts: a beginning, middle, and end. The beginning establishes equilibrium in the story world, the middle contains events that disrupt this equilibrium and introduce disequilibrium, and the end achieves a new state of equilibrium by resolving the conflicts introduced in the middle.
Genre, Narrative and Representation for G321 AS Media Coursework Research
This document discusses the connections between key concepts in media studies, including genre, narrative, and representation. It provides definitions of narrative elements like plot, story, and syntactic/enigma codes from theorists like Bordwell, Thompson, and Barthes. It also discusses representation theories around gender and the male gaze. Examples are provided of how these concepts work together in genres like thrillers through representations of women and use of enigma codes.
Claude levi strauss[1]
Claude Levi-Strauss studied myths from around the world and discovered that humans make sense of the world through binary oppositions. He found that narratives are structured around the conflict between binary opposites such as good vs evil. Levi-Strauss believed the central climax of any narrative comes from the conflict between these opposing pairs of concepts.
Analysis of the big knife title sequence
The document analyzes the title sequence of a film, suggesting that the wonky font, plain text on a black background, lack of color, and constant close-ups portray the mental instability and psychological turmoil of the protagonist. These elements also foreshadow dark and ominous events that will destroy the protagonist's life and lead him into an inescapable psychological pain.
Storytelling Theory
This document summarizes several theories of narrative and genre. It discusses how narratives typically follow a three-act structure of setup, confrontation, and resolution. It also outlines Vladimir Propp's characterization archetypes and how Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed how myths unconsciously reflect a culture's values through binary oppositions. Additionally, it notes that genres are dynamic and evolve over time through hybridization, with audiences growing tired of strict formulas and conventions changing to reflect societal values.
Narrative theory
This document introduces several theorists of narrative structure, including Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, and Claude Levi-Strauss. It summarizes some of their main contributions: Todorov proposed narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium. Propp identified 31 narrative functions that follow a sequential order. Barthes described codes like the hermeneutic code that establish narrative mysteries. And Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as based on binary oppositions that reveal deeper ideological meanings.
Film theories research for the genre asignment 9ii
This document summarizes several film theory concepts and how they relate to analyzing horror films. It discusses Tzvetan Todorov's concepts of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium in narratives. It also mentions Claude Levi-Strauss's theory of binary opposition and Vladimir Propp's characterization of character archetypes like the villain, donor, and hero. Specific horror films like The Shining, Texas Chainsaw Massacre, and Misery are used as examples to demonstrate these theoretical concepts in action. The document concludes that these theories are useful for understanding the themes, decisions, suspense, and emotions created in the horror genre.
Narrative theory and genre theory
This document discusses various narrative and genre theories. It outlines key concepts from theorists such as Vladimir Propp's model of character archetypes in narratives, Tzvetan Todorov's model of narrative structure including equilibrium, disruption, recognition, attempt, and new equilibrium, and Roland Barthes' codes for analyzing narratives. It also discusses genre theory, noting that genres are dynamic and change over time through hybridization, as argued by theorists like David Buckingham and Rick Altman. Genres can be recognized through repeated generic codes and conventions according to Tom Ryall.
Thriller pres
The thriller genre became popular after the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963 due to the political thrillers and paranoid thrillers that explored conspiracy theories around his death. Thrillers heavily stimulate emotions like anticipation, excitement, and tension through techniques like cliffhangers and misleading clues. Common elements include investigations, kidnappings, and stalking, depending on the subgenre. The goal is to keep audiences on the "edge of their seats" and satisfy their emotions with a climactic resolution. While similar to horrors in iconography and themes, thrillers appeal to both genders but are often considered more male-oriented.
Audience theory
This document provides an overview of narrative theory and conventions. It discusses how narratives generally follow a three-act structure of setup, confrontation, and resolution. It also describes several theorists' models for analyzing narratives, including Propp's character archetypes, Barthes' five codes, and Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions. Finally, it notes that postmodern narratives are more playful, self-reflexive, and use techniques like intertextuality, pastiche and temporal distortion.
Narrative theory theorists
This document discusses narrative theory and several theorists who have contributed to its study. It defines narrative as "a chain of events in a cause effect relationship occurring in time" that has a beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified 8 returning character archetypes in narratives. Tzvetan Todorov viewed narrative as moving from equilibrium to disequilibrium to resolution and a new equilibrium. Roland Barthes broke down narratives into 5 codes: action, enigma, semantic, referential, and symbolic. Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed how narratives use binary opposites such as poor vs rich and good vs bad.
Ryan Collier a2 media
The document summarizes several media theories:
1) The two step flow theory proposes that ideas spread from media to opinion leaders and then to the wider population. It was introduced in 1944 and elaborated in 1955.
2) Uses and gratification theory examines why people seek out specific media to satisfy needs like relationships, escape, and identity.
3) Barthes' enigma code theory suggests media leaves audiences with questions to intrigue them. Films often reveal culprits at the end.
4) Todorov's theory of equilibrium analyzes film texts in five stages of equilibrium and disequilibrium.
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Genre, Narrative and Representation for G321 AS Media Coursework Research
Genre, Narrative and Representation for G321 AS Media Coursework Research
Film theories research for the genre asignment 9ii
Film theories research for the genre asignment 9ii
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Target audience
Indie pop music targets audiences aged 16-22. Record labels help spread awareness of up-and-coming indie pop artists through social media platforms like YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter. While indie pop has roots in genres popular with both men and women, it aims to appeal to all genders. The target demographic is typically 15-21 year olds, especially students who value independence and are striving to achieve freedom in their young adulthood. Indie pop fans often have artistic and creative styles of their own and the genre contrasts alternative rock by being more melodic and incorporating retro elements like vocals, guitars, and piano.
Hillier jade
Jade Hillier completed pre-production tasks for her film project including genre analysis, script, storyboard, shotlist, floor plans, locations, costumes, props, actors, and equipment. The teacher noted Jade was missing analysis of similar products but that her other pre-production work demonstrated excellent and careful planning. The teacher awarded Jade 15 out of 20 marks and suggested including similar product analysis for improvement.
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories of audiences and media consumption:
1. Audience theory proposes that all media has a target audience, and sometimes tries to construct audiences. Products can have mass or niche audiences.
2. The Frankfurt School proposed the "effects model" which viewed audiences as passive individuals susceptible to media messages. This view has been disproven as audiences can interact with media in more complex ways.
3. The two-step flow theory developed by Lazarsfeld and Katz suggests that opinion leaders first receive information from media, then pass it along to friends and family with their own interpretation, making personal connections more influential than mass media.
4. More recent theories view audiences as active participants who
Genre theory
Genre theory aims to classify films into categories based on shared characteristics. Genres help audiences understand what to expect from a film and help the film industry target demand. While genres provide structure, they are also dynamic and evolve over time to reflect societal changes. For example, war films now depict cyber wars, and comedies feature less stereotypical humor. Genre theorists debate whether genres are fixed forms or constantly changing through hybridization and borrowing between genres. Overall, genres provide benefits of structure for audiences and industry but can also restrict creativity and risk alienating audiences if conventions are not pushed or blended in new ways.
Genre research indie pop
Indie pop is a genre of alternative music that originated in the UK in the 1970s. It features vocals, guitar, bass, and drums. The term "indie" referred to artists on independent labels. Key moments included the 1986 C86 compilation and American band Beat Happening. Subgenres include twee pop, known for quaint styles, and chamber pop, featuring lush orchestrations. The genres are related but twee and chamber pop have distinguishing features.
Costume, prop and actors
The document discusses the actors, costumes, and props needed for the music video. It will feature two dancers, Fraser and Zoe, performing a contemporary dance routine. The narrative will focus on a couple, Josh and Franny. Costumes for all actors will be minimalist and neutral colors. Props are not needed as the focus is on the dancers and actors. Examples of successful indie pop music videos with both high and minimal production values are referenced.
Location recce
The document discusses location plans for shooting scenes for a music video for the band Seafret. It describes shooting an opening scene at a unique structure to set the conceptual genre. Dance scenes would be filmed in a large open warehouse or area with minimal camera movement and space for dancers. Intimate narrative scenes of a fighting couple would be shot in a bedroom to portray the moment realistically with few props. Floor plans are included to illustrate the camera and subject placement for each scene.
Media task 6 gone girl
The trailer for the movie Gone Girl establishes that Amy Dunne has gone missing, and her husband Nick is suspected of involvement in her disappearance or murder. Through ominous music and shots that portray Nick in a sinister light, the trailer aims to convince viewers that Nick is guilty, though it also hints there may be more to the story. Jump cuts show the investigation progressing with increasing intensity. In the climax, Nick proclaims his innocence while Amy is shown dead at the bottom of a lake, confirming he was responsible after all. The trailer is crafted to mislead viewers and keep them guessing about the true culprit until the very end.
Media task 6 prisoners
The document provides a detailed summary and analysis of the movie trailer for "Prisoners". It analyzes various shots and scenes from the trailer to understand the mood, tone, and key plot points. The trailer is about two families whose daughters go missing. It shows the growing tension and desperation as time passes without any leads in finding the girls. Various shots are examined to understand how they build intensity and mystery around who kidnapped the daughters.
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Similar to Narrative theory
Narrative theory
This document discusses narrative theory and provides examples of several influential narrative theorists. It defines narrative as a chain of events organized in a cause-and-effect relationship that occurs over time and involves a beginning, middle, and end. Several major theorists are outlined, including Propp's identification of recurring character archetypes, Todorov's model of narrative phases, Barthes' narrative codes, and Levi-Strauss' examination of how stories reflect cultural myths and beliefs. More recent trends in complex and nonlinear narratives are also mentioned.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning about events through a chain of events in a cause-and-effect relationship occurring over time. It can be applied to films, TV, photos, and magazines, though analyzing narratives in internet media like social media profiles is more complex. Theories include Propp's identification of common character types like heroes and villains, Todorov's structure of equilibrium disruption and repair, Barthes' codes that shape meaning, and Levi-Strauss examining how stories reflect cultural myths and beliefs. Narrative analysis considers how elements like editing, sound and events create meaning for audiences.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through structured stories. It views narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists like Branigan, Propp, and Barthes developed approaches to analyzing characteristics like character types, codes, and underlying cultural themes in narratives. More recent theorists examine how genres, postmodern narratives, and hybrid forms challenge traditional understandings of narrative structure. Narrative theory provides concepts to inform how meaning is constructed in media texts and genres help categorize texts for audiences, creators, and scholars.
Audience theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through structured stories. It views narratives as having a beginning, middle, and end that establishes causal relationships between events. Theorists like Propp, Barthes, and Levi-Strauss broke down narratives into character types, codes, and symbolic oppositions to understand how they reflect cultural values. Genre theory categorizes media texts based on shared conventions and helps audiences understand and engage with different types of texts. While genres provide structure, they can also constrain creativity, so theorists debate whether pure genres still exist or if they are evolving through hybridization.
Media unit 11 notes on narrative and genre theories
Narrative theories propose that narratives are organized sequences of causally linked events that have a beginning, middle, and end. Branigan argues narratives embody judgments about the nature of events. Propp identified character archetypes that frequently appear in stories, like heroes, villains, helpers. Barthes identified five codes that help readers make sense of narratives, such as action, characters, and symbolic codes. Genre theory categorizes media texts based on shared elements, though genres are dynamic and evolve over time as society and values change. While genre provides a useful framework, it can also constrain creativity and experimentation.
Narrative
This document discusses several models and theories of narrative structure:
1) Bordwell & Thompson's model shows how story and plot combine to form narrative structure, with most beginning in media res.
2) Todorov's narrative theory outlines a 5-stage structure of equilibrium, disruption, quest, resolution, and new equilibrium.
3) Barthes and others discussed how narratives are built through codes that create puzzles and advance the story through expected actions and signs.
4) Various theorists categorized narratives into common archetypes like Achilles, Cinderella, and Romeo & Juliet based on recurring elements.
Narrative theory
The document provides an overview of narrative theory and how it can be applied to analyze media texts. It discusses various narrative theorists like Propp, Barthes, Todorov, Levi-Strauss, and postmodern approaches. Key concepts from each theorist are outlined such as narrative codes, character archetypes, equilibrium-disequilibrium-resolution structure, and binary oppositions. Students are instructed to apply these narrative theories to analyze their coursework products and evaluate how useful each perspective is.
1978 NYU Doctoral Dissertation - Robert K. Blechman
This document is a thesis submitted by Robert K. Blechman in 1978 analyzing American prime time television advertisements using the structural methodology of Claude Lévi-Strauss. The introduction provides the rationale for studying ads as cultural mythology and outlines the problem, methodology, and sample. It reviews literature on analyzing art/media as symbolic systems and justifies structurally analyzing ads. The thesis will break down ads structurally, compare patterns to mythology, and examine what this reveals about advertising's impact and function in modern American culture.
Narrative theories
Narrative theory examines the structure and elements of narratives. Narratives are defined as a chain of causally linked events that unfold over time, having a beginning, middle, and end. Vladimir Propp identified common character archetypes that frequently appear in folk stories, such as heroes, villains, helpers, and princesses. Tzvetan Todorov viewed narratives as progressing from an initial state of equilibrium, through disequilibrium, to a new resolution or equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed that narratives can be broken down into codes like action, enigma, semantic, referential, and symbolic elements. Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed how myths reflect the cultural values of the societies that produce them, often
Narrative theory made easy By Dr. Iram Rizvi
Narrative theory gives us an insight how human communication has evolved. The theory helps us to understand the meaning of human communication. This theory is widely used to study Film, News and Group Communication
Narrative theory
Narrative theory proposes that narratives are organized sequences of causally related events that unfold over time, from a beginning to a middle to an end, embodying a judgment about the nature of those events. Key theorists identified common character types in narratives, structural elements like codes that readers use to make sense of a story, and underlying symbolic oppositions. More recently, narratives have become more complex, incorporating modified chronologies, alternative versions, loose collections of stories, and other nonlinear techniques.
Section a narrative theories
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through stories. A narrative is defined as a chain of events with a beginning, middle, and end that follows a cause-and-effect relationship. Narrative theorists like Branigan and Propp analyzed how narratives embody ideologies and include character archetypes. Barthes identified five codes that help readers make sense of narratives, including action, referential, symbolic, and enigma codes. Levi-Strauss examined how stories reflect a culture's values through binary oppositions. Postmodern narratives are characterized by nonlinearity, self-reflexivity, and pastiche.
Narrative and genre theory
This document discusses several theories of narrative and genre. It outlines Vladimir Propp's idea that there are a limited number of character types in narratives, including villains, heroes, donors, helpers, and princesses. It also describes Tzvetan Todorov's theory that narratives can be broken into codes like action, reference, semantics, enigma, and symbolism. Finally, it discusses genre theory and how genres are recognizable through codes and conventions, but also change over time through hybridization and reflecting social values.
Narrative therory.
The document discusses several narrative theories proposed by thinkers such as Todorov, Propp, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, Field, and Kubrick. Todorov suggested narratives follow an equilibrium-disruption-resolution structure. Propp identified character roles and narrative functions. Levi-Strauss saw narratives as relying on binary oppositions. Barthes identified codes that control information for audiences. Field outlined a three-act structure. Kubrick saw films constructed from six to eight fundamental story sequences. The document concludes by stating the documentary will likely use binary oppositions to show technological differences between age groups.
Narrative theory
1. Narrative is defined as a chain of events in a cause-effect relationship that occurs over time, with a beginning, middle, and end.
2. Theorists have identified common narrative structures and elements across different texts, including character archetypes and codes that help audiences understand and interpret narratives.
3. Narrative analysis involves considering how various narrative elements like mise-en-scene, editing, and sound work together to construct meaning for audiences.
therories
Tzetvan Todorov proposed that narratives follow a three-part structure of equilibrium, disruption, and new equilibrium. Vladimir Propp suggested narratives can be analyzed based on the roles of characters, identifying eight core roles. Leo Strauss argued that narratives produce meaning through setting up binary oppositions between conflicting concepts. Ronald Barthes described two important narrative codes: the enigma code, which presents a puzzle for audiences to solve, and the action code, which provides resolution through action. The document reflects that Strauss' theory of binary oppositions best reflects the structure of the documentary being discussed.
Narrative theory
This document provides an overview of narrative theory and various theorists' approaches to analyzing narratives. It discusses how narrative is defined as a chain of causally linked events that have a beginning, middle, and end. Several theorists are mentioned, including Propp who identified common character types, Todorov who analyzed narratives in terms of equilibrium and disruption, Barthes who identified five codes used to make sense of narratives, and Levi-Strauss who examined how myths reflect a culture's values and beliefs through binary oppositions. The document also discusses modular and postmodern narratives as well as how narrative analysis involves considering various elements that construct meaning for audiences.
Narrative theories
The document discusses key concepts in narrative theory, including definitions of narrative, plot, and story. It examines the work of four major narrative theorists: Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Claude Levi-Strauss, and Roland Barthes. Todorov identified the three-part structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and new equilibrium in narratives. Propp analyzed character archetypes. Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as being structured around binary oppositions. Barthes identified five narrative codes that make up every narrative.
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative theories and theorists. It defines narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end, and notes that narratives embody judgments. It outlines Vladimir Propp's idea of character archetypes and Roland Barthes' five codes that help readers make sense of narratives: action, referential, semantic, enigma, and symbolic. It also mentions Claude Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions in narratives and Allan Cameron's modular narratives approach. As an example, it analyzes the Taylor Swift song "You Belong with Me" through the lenses of Todorov, Levi-Strauss, and Barthes.
Semiotics In That 70S Show
The essay discusses T.S. Eliot's modernist poem "The Waste Land" and how it challenges conventional understandings of language and meaning. The fragmented text seems to leave something absent that readers try to find. Critics have looked outside the text for clues to its meaning. The poem depicts a barren landscape where language consists of a disordered pile of broken images, calling into question language's ability to represent reality in a meaningful way.
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Media unit 11 notes on narrative and genre theories
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Narrative theory
- 1. NarrativeTheory WHAT IS NARRATIVE? Narrativeis defined as “a chain of events in a cause-effect relationshipoccurring in time” (Bordwell & Thompson) Narrativeis a way of organisingspatial andtemporal eventsinto a cause-effect chain of events with a beginning, middle andend that embodiesa judgementaboutthe nature of events (Branigan) NARRATIVE THEORY ANALYSIS Narrativetheory analysesthe way in which media texts communicatemeaning aboutevents Narrativetheory can be applied torange of different media includingfilm, tv, photographsand magazines Narrativeanalysesof internet basedmedia is more problematic, thoughmay still be relevant. For example, youcould considerhow someone’sFacebook profile creates a narrative abouttheir life. EDWARD BRANIGAN (1992) Braniganargues that narrativeis “a way of organisingspatial andtemporal datainto a cause-effect chain of events with a beginning, a middle and an endthat embodiesa judgement aboutthe nature of events” VLADIMIR PROPP (1928) Proppwas a Russiantheoristwho suggestedthat there are limited numberof character typesthat share a function. When an audience reads a media text is deploysits knowledge of these character typesin order to decode the meaning of the text. 1. The villain 2. The hero, a character who seeks something 3. The donor, who providesanobject with somemagic property 4. The helper, who aids the hero 5. The princess, reward for the hero, an object of the villains scheme 6. Her father, who rewards the hero 7. The dispatcher, who sendsthe hero on his way. 8. The false hero, the character who also laysclaim to the princessbut is unsuitableandcauses complications. TZVETAN TODOROV (1969) 1. Equilibrium 2. Distributionof Equilibrium 3. Recognitionof the disruption 4. An attemptto repair the damage 5. New Equilibrium
- 2. ROLAND BARTHES (1960’S) They recognise 5 codes. 1 ACTION CODE. This refers to the eventstaking place throughaction e.g. a fight or a chase. 2 REFERENTIALCODE. This refers to the informationandexplanation. 3 SEMANTICCODE. This refers to the characters andcharacterisation. 4 ENIGMACODE. Thisrefers to a narrative devise thatteases the audience by presentinga puzzle or riddle to be solved. Worksto delay the story’sendingpleasurably. 5 SYMBOLICCODE. Thisrefers to the connotationsofsigns. CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS (1972) Social anthropologist. Examined how storiesunconsciously reflect the values, beliefs andmythsof a culture. These are usually expressed in the form of binary oppositions. Hisresearch hasbeen adaptedby theoriststo reveal underlyingthemes andsymbolicoppositionsintexts. ALLAN CAMERON: modular narratives (2008) Since early 1990’stherehasbeen a trend towardsnarrative complexation within a popularcinema ANACHRONIC Modified flashbacks/flash-forward Noclear dominancebetween narrativethreads FORKINGPATH Alternative versionsof the story Outcomesthatmight result from slight changes EPISONIC Collection of stories joined by a commontheme SPLITSCREEN Spatial rather thantemporal lines POSTMODERN NARRATIVES Irony, playfulnessandblack humour Intertextuality Pastiche Metanarratives Extreme self-reflexivity/ self-awareness
- 3. Temporal distortion Hyper-reality Example: Deadpool HOW TO USENARRATIVE ANALYSIS? Narrativeanalysisinvolvesconsidering how a range of elements (including mise-en-scene, editing, camerawork, sound, aswell as events)create meaning for the audience Narrativeanalysisfocuses on how the meaningsmade by the audience are constructed. THEORIST EXAMPLE Propp Blonde tay-tay =Hero Princess = The boy Brunette tay-tay=villain Todorov Equilibrium -Single tay-tay Distributionof Equilibrium -talkingto boy Recognitionof the disruption -lovinghim (‘I loveyou’ poster) An attemptto repair the damage -goingto prom New Equilibrium -kissinghim Barthes ENIGMACODE: How will sheget him SYMBOLICCODE:The ‘I love you’ REFFENTIALCODE: it’s clear she loveshim SEMANTICCODE:girl & boy Levi-Strauss Goodand bad Blonde andbrunette Cheerleader andmarching band T-shirts andshort skirts High heels and sneakers Geek and Populargirl