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Narrative therory.
- 1. Narrative Theory BY MAGDA RAK
- 2. Tzvetan Todorov Todorov suggested that all narratives follow a three part structure. They start with an equilibrium, where everything is okay and balanced. Something comes to disrupt the equilibrium. A resolution is reached, when an equilibrium is reached once again. Example: The Hunger Games Everything is calm and how it usually is. Prim is picked and Katniss volunteers to take her place. Katniss wins and goes back to District12
- 3. Vladimir Propp Propp’s narrative structure is determined by roles in the story. Character roles help us understand the constructed nature of the narrative. There are 8 character roles and 31 functions to the characters. This helps us understands that each character role has progress within the narrative and audience identification. The villain The hero The dispatcher The false hero The donor The helper The princess The father
- 4. Levi-Strauss He suggests that the production of meaning depends on the concept of binary oppositions. This suggests that the majority of narratives in media have opposing main characters. This thickens the plot and furthers the narratives and introduces contrast. A problem with this theory may perpetuate negative stereotypes. Binary opposites aren’t always clear cut and may have multiple binary opposites between two characters. I believe this would be good to use in our documentary as it would be interesting for the viewer and also easy to make a point and argument. It would also be interesting to explore a clear and balanced argument about two different groups.
- 5. Roland Barthes Roland Barthes argues that narrative is told through a series of codes that are used to control the way in which information is given to the audience. The enigma code – a mystery to be solved The action code – used for escapism to entertain and immerse the audience. The semantic code – connote extra meaning aside from the literal meaning. The symbolic code – symbols that can be found in media texts, they convey meaning through symbolism. The referential code – deals with references within a media text to an external context. This may be used in our documentary to influence the opinion of our viewers and how they react to certain things. Symbols will definitely be used as props and just in background footage that we choose to keep in our documentary.
- 6. Syd Field According to Field, narratives follow a three-act structure. The set up, confrontation and the resolution. Act 1 – Exposition, introduction to the main character and plot point 1 is introduced. Act 2 – Obstacles, first culmination and the midpoint. Act 3 – The climax and denouement. Parts of this will be used in our documentary as a question will be asked at the start which will be the inciting incident which will follow the first plot point into the exploration of the question that is being asked.
- 7. Stanley Kubrick Insisted that a film can be constructed from six to eight ‘non-submersible units’. A non submersible unit is a fundamental story sequence where everything else is stripped away. He uses these in his film 2001: A Space Oddesey. The monolith visits humankind in its infancy. An early man discovers technology. The monolith is excavated on the moon by astronauts and sends a message to Jupiter. Humankind send a manned mission to Jupiter to investigate. Advanced technology (Hal) endangers the mission crew. Technology is defeated and the surviving crew member rendezvous with the aliens. The Starchild is born.
- 8. What we are going to use As our documentary is about the age gap between young people and older people we will most likely use binary opposites to show the difference in how people of difference ages use technology.