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Name a protein that contacts the insulin receptor inside the cell after it has been activitated by
insulin. (One adaptor molecule)
Name a protein that contacts the insulin receptor inside the cell after it has been activitated by
insulin. (One adaptor molecule)
Solution
Insulin mediated targets are lipid metabolism, glucose and protein metabolism and cell growth
and differentiation. To activate and control all these targets, various signalling pathways are
mediated by adaptor molecules. And such adaptor molecules are IRS (Insulin Receptor
Substrates), the SHC (Src and Collagen Homologues) and the GRB2 (Growth Factor Receptor
Binding protein-2)
IRS (Insulin receptor substrate) is one such adaptor protein that binds to intracellular domain of
insulin receptor and activates two pathways. One is phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)
pathway and other is MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase, also known as ERK or
extracellular signal regulated kinase) pathway.
PI3K pathway is responsible for metabolic effects of insulin while MAPK is responsible for
regulation of gene expression.

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