Ppt on Mustard

1. AATMANIRBHAR
BHARAT
Rapeseed & Mustard
and
Sunflower

2. Present Scenario of Edible Oil
Item/ Year 2019-20
Population (million) 1380
Present consumption (million tonne) 25.00
Domestic availability (primary & secondary) (million tonne) 10.53
Imports (million tonne) 14.46
Import value (Rs in crore) 68,558
2019-20 (Imports)
Oil (2019-2020) (million tonnes) Production Import
Mustard 2.70 0.05
Soybean 1.96 3.24
Groundnut 2.12 -
Palm 0.28 8.59
Sunflower 0.06 2.50
Cotton Seed 1.23 0.03
Others 2.18 0.05
Total 10.53 14.46

3. Targets For Mustard
Present Area
(lakh ha.)
*
Target area
(2020-21)
(lakh ha.)
Gap area
(lakh ha.)
Present
Production
(lakh tn.) *
Targeted
Production
(lakh tn.)
(2020-21)
Production Gap
61.24 75.75
14.51
(24%)
92.55 122.36
29.79
(32%)
• To achieve success in production of R&M through use latest varieties (HYV/Hybrid),
having productivity not less than 20 Qtl./ha.
• Area expansion from 61.24 lakh ha to75.75 lakh ha during 2020-21.
* DES, Final estimate (2018-19)

4. Some Facts
The Rapeseed-Mustard (R&M) group is
confined to Rabi season and is largely
grown in Rajasthan, MP, UP, Haryana,
Gujarat and West Bengal.
Yield is 1511 kg/ha as per DES 2018-19.
Around 50 per cent of the area receives
minimal irrigation during the crop growth
stage, while the remaining 50 per cent
depends upon residual moisture
conditions, and hence there are variations
in the productivity across regions.
By adopting improved technology, the
productivity of Rapeseed & Mustard can
be raised to 1.5 to 2.4t/ha in general.

5. Reasons for Low Productivity of Rapeseeds & Mustard:
Largely rainfed cultivation (70% area);
Low/non-adoption of recommended soil and moisture conservation Practices (like land
configuration – contour cultivation – BBF);
Late sowing, mid-season and end-season drought/stress.
Cultivated in areas with poor soil fertility; such as in fallow lands
Low SRR (seed replacement rate) – non availability of quality seed of improved
genotype at proper time;
Inadequate and imbalanced nutrition (low NPK, and Micro-nutrients);
Low or improper plant population due to broadcast sowing;

6. Modalities to workout the Seed Plan
6
The seed requirement of Rapeseed & Mustard - SRR 65%
Seed rate of 0.05 qtl./ ha. For 11 states comes to 2.46 lakh quintals.
Availability of Rapeseed & Mustard of ICAR/ state released varieties (average yield
of 20 qtls.) comes to 0.67 lakh qtl.
The actual requirement of Rapeseed & Mustard seed to cover 75.75 lakh ha. is 2.46
lakh qtl
National Average Yield (NAY) has been targeted at 16.15 qtl per ha in 11 potential
states during Rabi 2020-21 from current NAY of 15.31 qtl./ha (2018-19).

7. Name of State
2018-19 Potential
states
2020-21
Area (‘000 ha)
Highest to Lowest
Production
(‘000 tn)
Yield
(Kg/ha)
Area
(‘000 ha)
Estimated State
Average yield (Qtl/ha)
Projected production with
5% increase in (‘000 tn)
Seed requirement with
seed rate 0.05 (‘000 qtl)
Rajasthan (33) 2371.90 4052.77 1709
Major
3000 1799 539.70 97.50
Uttar Pradesh (75) 753.00 1116.7 1483 1000 1561 156.10 32.50
Madhya Pradesh (51) 707.00 1040 1471 850 1548 131.58 27.63
Haryana (21) 609.20 1253.73 2058 896 2166 194.07 29.12
West Bengal (22) 605.90 734.35 1212 650 1276 82.94 21.13
Assam (27) 285.74 183.73 643
Minor
286 677 19.36 9.30
Jharkhand (23) 236.85 164.61 695 348 732 25.47 11.31
Gujarat (29) 195.36 348.52 1784 250 1878 46.95 8.13
Bihar (38) 80.59 103.96 1290 100 1358 13.58 3.25
Chhattisgarh (27) 42.01 17.6 419 150 441 6.62 4.88
Punjab (22) 30.50 46.48 1524 45 1604 7.22 1.46
Sub-Total & 5918.05 9062.45 1531 7575 16.15 1223.59 246.21
% of total (97%) (98%)
Uttarakhand 17.00 15.96 939
Himachal Pradesh 8.53 4.69 550
Odisha 6.02 1.66 275
Maharashtra 5.78 2.12 367
Andhra 4.00 1.38 345
Telangana 4.00 7.76 1940
Karnataka 2.97 0.6 202
Tamil Nadu 0.30 0.07 232
Others 157.28 158.96 1011
All- India 6123.93 9255.66 1511
Source:
DES,
Final
estimate State-wise targeted area, production and seed requirement of Rapeseed &
Mustard during 2020-21

8. Proposed areas for crop expansion
Intercropping
Systems – UP,
Bihar, Rajasthan,
MP with a total of
0.95 million
hectare (m ha) of
potential area
Non-traditional
Area – Karnataka,
Rajasthan (S),
Ratlam (MP),
Vidarbha (MS)
with a total of 0.30
m ha potential
area.
Areas of Rice
fallows – UP, Bihar,
WB, NEH,
Jharkhand,
Odisha, CG with a
total of 1.20 m ha
potential area.

9. What is expected from the States
District wise area and target already conveyed. States to ensure coverage of targeted area.
State may ensure distribution of quality seeds of >20 qtl /ha.
Ensure irrigation at critical stage- before flowering and pod formation stage.
Ensuring timely inputs such as micro nutrients- Sulphur, Boron & Zinc.
Bee keeping plans to be incorporated wherever possible.
Pest control management- Aphids
Monthly progress to be sent .

10. SUNFLOWER
Major countries are Russia,
Ukraine, Argentina, China,
France, USA, Spain and
India.
In India, cultivated over an area of
4.006 lakh ha with a production of
2.840 lakh tonnes and productivity
of 709 kg/ha (Average of 2014-15
to 2018-19).
Contribution to Indian
oilseed production is about
3.85%
The average area under sunflower
ranged from 21 lakh ha (1990-95)
to 19.4 lakh ha (2005-2010) and
declined to 2.83 lakh ha during
2017-18 and now stagnant around
2.6 lakh ha.

11. 21
17.8
16.1
19.4
7.5
3.5
11.62
10.08
8.64
12.28
5.28
2.48
0
5
10
15
20
25
1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10 2010-15 2015-19
Area
&
Production
5 yearly average National Area & Production of Sunflower
1990-91 to 2018-19
Area (lakh ha) Production (lakh tonnes)

12. Average Area, Production and Yield of Total Sunflower in major crop growing states
Average of 2014-15 to 2018-19
Major states Total Sunflower Rabi/Summer Sunflower
Area Production Yield Area Production Yield
Karnataka 2.432 (60.7%) 1.336 (47.0%) 549 1.201 (49.5%) 0.608 (31.4%) 507
Andhra Pradesh 0.240 (6.0%) 0.209 (7.4%) 870 0.174 (7.2%) 0.167 (8.6%) 961
Maharashtra 0.532 (13.3%) 0.211 (7.4%) 396 0.315 (13.0%) 0.151 (7.8%) 480
Odisha 0.169 (4.2%) 0.205 (7.2%) 1211 0.166 (6.8%) 0.203 (10.5%) 1220
Bihar 0.100 (2.5%) 0.143 (5.0%) 1427 0.083 (3.4%) 0.12 (6.2%) 1449
West Bengal 0.109 (2.7%) 0.145 (5.1%) 1334 0.109 (4.5%) 0.145 (7.5%) 1334
Total Sunflower 4.008 2.842 709 2.428 1.939 798
Area: lakh ha, Production: lakh tonnes, Yield: kg/ha)

13. Merits & Strength of Sunflower
Wider adaptability to wide ranging agro–climatic situations.
The crop being photo-insensitive and day neutral can be grown throughout the year i.e.,kharif, rabi,
spring / summer in the alluvial, medium black and deep black soils.
Being a short duration crop, it can fit into various inter and sequence cropping systems.
Seed contains the oil varying from 35-43%. The unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic and linoleic,
comprise about 90% of the total.
Remunerative market price due to high quality oil.
Low seed rate (6-7 kg/ha) and high seed multiplication ratio.
Sunflower hulls are used in animal feeds as a source of roughage
The kernel contains 48-53 % of oil and 14-19 % of protein.

14. Constraints in Sunflower production
Unavailability of good quality seeds on time.
Cultivation of crop in marginal and sub-marginal lands.
Unavailability of timely inputs like irrigation, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticide, electricity, credit.
Sunflower is an exhaustive crop and inadequate and imbalanced crop nutrition affects production.
Absence of thinning practice by farmers.
Incidence of pest and diseases viz. Sunflower necrosis diseases, Downey mildew, Alternaria blight, Leaf spot,
etc.
Lack of remunerative price is the main reason for decline in the area of sunflower during recent years. With
current level of productivity, farmers are unable to get more profit by cultivating Sunflower.
Damage by Parakeets, doves, crows, rats, etc. As the sunflower area decreased drastically, the bird damage is
more per unit area cultivated by the farmer.
Rains during flowering stage affects grain filling and production of sunflower.
Less involvement of private companies in the seed production due to less sunflower area has further reduced
the sunflower cultivation.

15. Strategies for increasing area and production
Area expansion
• Sunflower as a cash crop in contingencyplanning
• Promotion in Salinesoils
Crop diversification • Sunflower under delayed onset of monsoon
Expansion through
Intercropping/
Increased cropping
intensity
• 0.50 m. ha area can be broughtunder intercopping in Karnataka,Maharashtra states.
• Intercropping with groundnut,pigeonpea and soybean.
Expansion non-
traditionalarea
• Potential of 0.30 m. ha existsfor expansionin non-traditional areas.
• Cultivationof sunflower in Indo-gangetic plainsof Punjab, Haryana and UP in spring
and Bihar,Odisha,West Bengal in Rabi/Summer.
Cultivation in Paddy
fallows
• Potential existsto cultivateshort durationsunflowerin paddyfallow in the statesof
AP, Karnataka, Eastern states,NEH Region.
Potential districts for
crop expansion
• Vijayapura & Bagalkote in Karnataka, Kadapa& Kurnoolin AP, Marathawada regionin
Maharashtra, Bankura & Midnapur in West Bengal and Kosi in Bihar.
Effective
management of Pest
and diseases
• IPM for Sunflower necrosisdisease.

16. Present Area
(lakh ha.)
*
Target
area
(2020-21)
(lakh ha.)
Gap area
(lakh ha.)
Present
Production
(lakh tn.) *
Targeted
Production
(lakh tn.)
(2020-21)
Production Gap
0.24 0.35 0.11
(46%)
2.17 3.10 0.93
(43%)
• It is an important oilseed crop grown in kharif and rabi seasons across the
country.
• Sunflower is an important edible oil being imported in large quantity. Its import
quantity was 2.50 million tonnes out of total of 14.16 million tonnes.
* DES, 4th estimate (2019-20)
SUNFLOWER

17. THANKS