Muscular Dystrophy.ppt

Dr. Shamanthakamani Narendran M U S C U L A R D Y S T R O P H Y M.D. (Pead), Ph.D. (Yoga Science) Gradual, Progressive Muscle Loss

[object Object],[object Object],DEFINITION

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],INTRODUCTION

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Early common sign of muscular dystrophy

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Signs and symptoms vary according to the type of muscular dystrophy. In general, they may include: Many specific signs and symptoms vary from among the different forms of MD. Each type is different in the age of onset, what parts of the body the symptoms primarily affect and how rapidly the disease progresses.

Fascioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Myotonic Dystrophy

Although this form of MD can affect children, it often doesn't affect people until adulthood. It can vary greatly in its severity. Muscles may feel stiff after using them. Progression of this form of MD is slow. Besides myotonia, signs and symptoms of adult-onset myotonic dystrophy may include:

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The infant form is more severe, although infants with myotonic dystrophy don't experience myotonia. Signs in infants may include: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Also known as Landouzy-Dejerine disease, this form involves progressive muscle weakness, usually in this order: When someone with facioscapulohumeral MD raises his or her arms, the shoulder blades may stick out like wings. Progression of this form is slow, with some spurts of rapidly increasing weakness. Onset usually occurs during the teen to early adult years.

The other major types of muscular dystrophy are rare. They include: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Muscles usually affected first by this form of muscular dystrophy include: ,[object Object],[object Object],This form then progresses to the arms and legs, though progression is slow. Limb-girdle MD may begin from early childhood to adulthood.

Congenital muscular dystrophy may include: ,[object Object],[object Object],This form is apparent at birth and progresses slowly. More severe forms of congenital MDs may involve severe mental and speech problems as well as seizures.

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy usually begins in the muscles of the: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cardiac arrhythmias, stiffness of the spine and muscle contractures are other features of Emery-Dreifuss MD. Emery-Dreifuss MD usually begins in the childhood to early teen years and progresses slowly.

X-linked recessive inheritance pattern with carrier mother

Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern

[object Object],[object Object],Patterns differ for other types of MD

Other Types of Muscular Dystrophy Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE

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Posture changes during progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

[object Object],SCREENING & DIAGNOSIS A careful review of the family's history of muscle disease can help doctors reach a diagnosis. In addition to a medical history review and physical examination, doctor may rely on the following in diagnosing muscular dystrophy:

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],TREATMENT

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[object Object],[object Object],MEDICATIONS Doctors prescribe medications to treat some forms of muscular dystrophy:

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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SPECIFIC YOGA PRACTICE

Muscular Dystrophy.ppt

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Muscular Dystrophy.ppt