The Mughal Empire ruled the Indian subcontinent from 1526 to 1707 under six major emperors: Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. The Mughals maintained a large centralized bureaucracy and military, establishing effective control through the mansabdar system of ranking officials and the jagir system of revenue assignment. They implemented reforms such as the zabt system to standardize land revenue collection across their diverse empire.