This document provides information to engineering students about career opportunities and employability. It outlines that less than 20% of engineers are employable for core engineering jobs due to a lack of practical skills. It discusses various engineering fields and job roles, including core engineering jobs in different domains as well as non-engineering jobs. It also lists top employers in both private and government sectors. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of practical skills for getting jobs and higher salaries.

1. TOMORROW'S ENGINEER – EMPLOYABILITY
your journey for the career
M. Raja Reddy

2. OUTLINE
• Why study engineering?
• Present status of employability for engineering students
• Which direction is good?
• Where do you find your career?
• Different roles and names?
• Core engineering jobs?
• Non engineering jobs?
• Skill Set Required for getting Jobs
• Why focus on practical knowledge?
• What you should do?
• Higher education – options
• Final advise

3. Why study Engineering?
• Best paid jobs, comfortable life and respect in the society
• Job satisfaction
– Global career – works with different worlds on common flat form
– Important to find a career you enjoy.
• Variety of career opportunities
• Challenging work
– Problems will be open-ended
– No single answer to solve complex problems
– No answer in the back of the book
– No teacher to tell you that you are right or wrong
– You find a solution and persuade others that yours is the best one.
• Respect
– People know that engineering requires hard work and strong
technical skills. As a member of this profession, you will receive a
high amount of respect

4. Why study Engineering?
• Intellectual development
– Develops your ability to think logically and to solve problems
• Benefit to society
– You can choose projects that benefit society
– Cleaning the environment – safe carbon free
– Developing prosthetic aids for disabled persons
– Finding new sources of energy
• Financial security
– You will be well paid and Engineering graduates receive the highest
starting salary of any discipline
• Prestige
– Engineers greatly help
• sustain our nation's international competitiveness
• maintain our standard of living
• ensure a strong national security
• protect public safety.

5. Why study Engineering?
• Professional environment
– You will work in a professional environment in which you will be
treated with respect and have some freedom in choosing your work.
• Creative thinking
– We are in a time of rapid technological changes, therefore, the need
for engineers to think creatively is greater than ever before.
• Technological and scientific discovery
– Do you know why only few elements behave as semiconductor?
– The diode works differently for different applications, why they
were designed the way they are?
– Do you know why nanotechnology is developing rapidly?
– An engineering education can help you understand many things in
the world electronics.

6. Present status of employability for engineering
students
• Less than 20% engineers are employable for software jobs, 7.49% are
employable for core engineering jobs, even though more than 90%
aspire for such jobs.
• Lack of adequate domain knowledge key reason for low employability
in core job roles in both software and non-software domains.
• Very few engineers, (<6% )even though equal percent of males and
females, want to work for startups.

7. Employability in various sectors

8. Which direction is good?

9. Where I find my career?
• Aerospace industry
• Automotive industry
• Construction industry
• Defence industry
• Electronics industry
• Fast moving consumer goods industry
• Marine industry
• Oil and gas industry
• Pharmaceuticals industry
• Power generation industry
• Rail industry
• Telecoms
• communication industry,
• Other industries like steel, cement, petroleum and chemical industry,
directing control and testing production process.

10. Different Roles, Different Names
• Research and Development (R&D): Engineers whose role is to do
research and then plan for new products, materials, process,
parts and components
• Design & Development: Professionals whose responsibility is to
design the system, components, or part of the system
• Production: Engineers who supervise the manufacturing of
electrical and electronic components and machines.
• Analysis and testing: Engineers who analyse and test different
types of machines and their parts to ensure that they function
flawlessly.
• Installation: Professionals who install electrical machines,
instruments and parts at the client location.
• Operation &Maintenance: Engineers whose primary role is to
ensure that machinery is working as per specifications.

11. Core Engineering jobs - ECE
• Electronics Circuit Design
• Signal processing
• Wireless & optical Communication
• Robotics
• Embedded Systems
• Analog & digital electronics
• Telecommunications
• Power & consumer Electronics
• Control systems
• VLSI
• Defense & Aerospace
• Nanotechnology & manufacturing
• Mobile technology etc

12. Core engineering jobs - ME
Aero
Engines
Aerospace
& Defence Energy Industrial O&G Transportation Healthcare
Electronic
equipment
Design/ CAD x x x x x x x x
Material Science x x x x x x x x
Engineering Software x x x x x x x x
CAE x x x x x x x x
Manufacturing x x x x x x x x
Prototyping & Testing x x x x x x x x
Field Engineering x x x x x x x x
Product services x x x x x x x x
Consulting x x x x x x x x
Business administration x x x x x x x x
Technical Writing x x x
• Nanotechnology & MEMS – Micro/Nano devices, materials, processes,
mechanics, systems
• Robotics, Rapid Prototyping
• Biotechnology – Computational Bioengineering, Functional Tissue
Engineering

13. Core engineering jobs - CSE
 Programming and Software
Development
• Systems analyst
• Systems consultant
• Software engineer
• Systems programmer
• Database analyst
• Artificial Intelligence programmer
• Scientific applications programmer
• Embedded systems application programmer
 Information Systems Operation and
Management
• Electronic data processing (EDP) auditor
• Database administrator
• Systems administrator
• Computer security specialist
• Management/IT consultants
• Information systems Management
 Graphics and Multimedia
• Animation/Special effects developer
• Multimedia developer
• Computer game designer/
programmer
• Electronic sound producer
 Training and Support
• Technical support representative
• Trainer, software applications
• Technical writer
 Computer Industry Specialists
• Systems integrator
• IT recruitment consultant
• IT sales professional
• Journalist, computer-related
publications

14. Core engineering jobs - EEE
• Electrical engineering
– Substation designers, installers and maintenance
– Transmission and distribution
– Switchgear and power system engineering
– Power plant design and engineering
• Power electronics
– Converters/inverters/DC-DC etc.
– Control systems for motors, machines and power systems
– Electrical instrumentation
– Intelligent control systems
• Renewable energy sources
– Solar/Wind/Biomass etc.
• Smart metering/smart grid design and engineering

15. Major Players
•Pratt &
Whitney
•Rolls Royce
•GE
•HAL
•BELL
Helicopters
•Volvo Aero
•Snecma
•Honeywell
•Boeing
•Airbus
• Lockheed
Martin
• Boeing
• Airbus
• Goodrich
• All DRDO
Labs
• ISRO
• Bombardier
• Northrop
Grumman
• General
Dynamics
• GKN
•GE
•Siemens
•Alstom
•MHI
•Rolles Royce
•Toshiba
•Schnieder
Electric
•Suzlon
•Vestas
•Sun Power
•Ocean Power
•Shell
•GE
•Chevron
•Exxon Mobil
•BP
•Conoco
Phillips
•Haliburton
•Schlumberger
Aero
Engines
Aerospace &
Defence
Energy Industrial
Oil
&Gas
• Atlas Copco
• BEML
• Caterpillar
• Hitachi
• JCB
• Doosan
• Forbes
Marshial
• L&T
• Ingersoll
Rand
• Bosch
• Thermax

16. Major Players
Electronic
Equipment
Consulting
Engineering
SoftwareHealthcareTransportation
• GE Rail
• All Major
Auto
companies
• GE
• Siemens
• Philips
• Toshiba
• Applied
Materials
• Philips
• ABB
• Samsung
• Novelus
• ACME
• Siemens
• Hyperworks
• PTC
• TRIAD
• ANSYS
• Geometric
• GOODRICH
• TCS
• Infotech
• Rolls Royce
• Mckinsey
• BCG
• PWC
• Black &
Vetach
• KPMG

17. Potential employers – Power generation and
distribution
• Birla Power Solutions Ltd.
• Essar Group
• Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.
• Nuclear power corporation
• Kirloskar Electric Co
• Lanco Industries
• National Thermal Power
Corporation (NTPC)
• Reliance Power
• Tata Power
• Torrent Power
• Adani Power Ltd
• DLF Power Limited
• GMR Infrastructure Ltd
• Gujarat Industries Power
• GVK Power & Infrastructure
• Power Grid Corporation
• Suryachakra Power Corpn.
• Suzlon Energy Ltd.

18. Top organizations - Government
– DRDO- Defense and Research Development
Organization.
– BEL-Bharat Electronics Ltd.
– HAL-Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.
– ECIL- Electronic Corporation of India Ltd.
– ISRO-Indian Space & Research Organization.
– ITI – Indian Telephone Industry
– BHEL-Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited.
– Railways
– Ministry Information technology
– BSNL/MTNL
– Many more

19. Top Companies – private - CSE
• Google
• Microsoft
• Yahoo
• Hewlett-Packard
• IBM
• Toshiba Corporation
• Dell Inc
• NEC Corporation
• Canon Inc
• Apple Inc
• ASUSTEK Computer Inc
• Acer Inc
• SAIC
• Sun Microsystem
• TCS
• Infosys
• HCL
• Wipro
• Techmahindra
• Qualcomm
• Broad comm
• I gate
• Accenture
• Mindtree
• Camgemini
• Oracle
• SAP
• L&T
• GE
• ABB
• Siemen
• NXP semiconductors
• LSI logic
• Intel
• Many more

20. Non-engineering jobs
– Logistics
– Operations management
– Patent law and intellectual property
– Procurement, purchasing and buying
– Supply chain management
– Teaching, academia and lecturing
– Technical consulting
– Technical sales, marketing, business development
– Technical training

21. Market Watch
• The job market for electrical engineers is perennial. Even the vagaries
of the global economic crisis could not knock out the demand for these
professionals in the Indian job market.
• Engineering industry is expected to absorb maximum number of
engineers
• Technology is expected to change radically and advanced technologies
with aerospace, automotive, micro/nanoelectronics, MEMS, Sensor,
smart grid, renewable power sources are in high growth

22. Skills Map

23. Pay Packet
• Salaries differ based on the companies you get placed.
• Big International Companies like Texas Instruments offer
salaries in the range of Rs 60,000 – 120,000 per month.
• Indian companies offer salaries in the range of Rs 30,000
– 60,000 per month.
• If you get placed in US or Europe , salaries are in the
range of $2,500 – $4000 per month.
• Based on your talent and experience, salaries can vary.

24. Why focus on practical knowledge?
• There is a gap between engineering course content and the
requirements of the engineering services industry
• Engineering education system imparts knowledge on various
technical/non-technical areas, it often falls short of meeting the
expectations of the real world.
• One reason for this gap is a fundamental lacuna in the
engineering education framework. This is the only profession
where an individual goes from an academic programme
directly into a job, with no prior on-the-job training.
• “Getting fresh graduates ramped up quickly to productivity is
a key concern across the industry, graduates sometimes take
six months to a year to become productive.
• When fresh graduates enter the working environment, they
have lots of theoretical knowledge which is redundant, rather
than the necessary practical knowledge.”

25. What should you do?
• Pay attention to basics
• Strong foundation of the basics of engineering must
• Good knowledge of design engineering and tool sets
• Expertise in MATLAB and other software tools
• Languages, one must be familiar with C or C++.
• Other skills - domain knowledge of design, engineering,
testing and verification.

26. What should you do?
 Get trained to have an extra edge
• Curriculum may not provide all the learning you need. Make an
effort to gain some extra skill, be it technical or interpersonal.
• Work on system-level design using off-the-shelf ICs
• The demand for electronics design engineers having product,
domain and software tools expertise is high.
• Actively look out for competitions that organisations/educational
institutes conduct. Such initiatives are excellent opportunities to
demonstrate creativity, secure mentoring opportunities from
industry experts and participate in exciting, competitive and
recognized events. Try engaging consistently with the
institute/university faculty to understand sponsorship and
scholarship opportunities offered by companies/ universities.
• Students must possess excellent problem-solving and decision-
making abilities, english communication skills, and organization and
management skills for an all-round perspective.
• Emphasises on ethical behavior as majority of the MNCs empower
their staff and would like them to showcase good ethics while dealing
internally or externally with vendors or customers.
•

27. What should you do?
• Exploit your internship
• Even if it is not compulsory in your course curriculum to do an
internship, do one anyway. In fact, try enrolling for more than one if
possible. Taking up a project or internship to build something is
essential, as there is plenty of learning for the student to imbibe,
whether the project succeeds or not.
• Colleges have included industry visits, seminars and projects for this
purpose. Unfortunately, many students treat these courses lightly. My
advice would be to take the internship seriously, for the soft skills they
impart will be invaluable.
• Keep in mind that “interning is about more than just showing up at an
office and earning a recommendation letter
• Grab every opportunity to chat with everyone from senior members to
fresh recruits. You’ll learn a lot about the industry, job and their
expectations. It may help to join the same company after completing
your course. In fact, interning is just like auditioning you try the
company to check whether it suits you.

28. What should you do?
 Know the industry trend
• You need to be conversant with global trends and pioneering research
done worldwide. To acquaint himself with the challenges that will face him
in the future, the engineering student should re-examine and realign his
goals with the current scenario that prevails.
• Do on-the-job research. Students need to have some insights by either
working or doing some research on how the industry segment of their
choice actually operates.
• The electronics industry is very large today. There are multiple sub-
disciplines. Even some software disciplines require a sound knowledge of
electronics along with a strong grip on programming
• Becoming a member of a professional society and taking active part in
seminars and workshops will also help in understanding where the
electronics industry is headed.
• Use core journals and newsletters to keep track of trends and latest
developments in electronics engineering.
• Keeping abreast of the industry and economy may even help you to find an
extremely satisfying career outside the mainstream.

29. What should you do?
• Understand your aptitude
• Students should have the ability to assess the situation, identify key issues
that need to be addressed, break down complex problems into simpler
manageable problems and resolve the problem to develop workable
solutions.
• Companies are looking for people who can fix problems with minimal
direction. They don’t want to have to tell people to react when fires are
burning. So once you’ve understood your aptitude and carefully evaluated
the job market, you can make your leap.
• It is advised in your second or third or fourth year of engineering, the
students should begin to think of what industry they wish to join and start
digging into the relevant literature. If you are fortunate enough, you may
get to do an internship in the industry of your choice.
• once you figure out what is of your interest, work towards developing skills
required for that vertical.
• Finally, your future is in your hands. So don’t hesitate to spend enough time
exploring all the possible ways before final settlement.
•
•

30. Scope for Higher Education
After graduation with B.E/B.Tech you can look for
M.E/M.Tech/M.S in any of the following areas
– Mobile Communication
– Telecommunication
– Satellite Communication
– Networking
– Micro Electronics(VLSI)
– Semi Conductors
– Signal Processing
– Control Systems
– Software Engineering
– Embedded Systems
– Automotive Electronics

31. Final advise
• Many opportunities – plan your focused area
• Work on both mini and major projects
• Get the deep insight of the technology
• Write papers for reviewed journals, conferences
• Volunteer speaking on your specialized area
• Read, Read and Read
• Do not postpone the activity and try to finish on the
defined date.
• Work in the team for the project and share the ideas
• Be sincere, hard work and with good attitude
• Look for clarification if you have doubt.
• Get one or two internship projects with industry

32. Thanks and best wishes