This document summarizes a dissertation on prospects for dairy farming in Sarath, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India. It introduces dairy farming and the study area. A survey found the majority of milk comes from non-descript cattle and buffalo. Data was collected from 10 commercial dairy farmers on their herds and milking capacities. Key challenges for dairy farming identified were issues with marketing/pricing, feed/fodder shortages, breeding, health, hygiene and quality standards. The conclusion calls for increased government support and initiatives to improve cattle, introduce high-yielding varieties, and benefit village cattle owners.

1. PROSPECTS OF DAIRY FARMING: A SURVEY WORK IN SARATH (DEOGHAR)
A
Dissertation
Submitted By
MRITYUNJAY KUMAR MEHRA
For
Master of Science
In
Zoology
Deoghar College, Deoghar
[Affiliated To Sido Kanhu Murmu University]
Under Supervision Of
DR. ARCHANA
Under The Co-Supervision Of
DR. VEENA KUMARI
JULY, 2022

3. INTRODUCTION
• Dairy farming is a class of agriculture for long-term production of milk, which is
processed (either on the farm or at a dairy plant, either of which may be called a dairy) for
eventual sale of a dairy product.
• Although any mammal can produce milk, commercial dairy farms are typically one-
species enterprises. In developed countries, dairy farms typically consist of high
producing dairy cows.
• Other species used in commercial dairy farming include goats, sheep, water buffaloes,
and camels. In Italy, donkey dairies are growing in popularity to produce an alternative
milk source for human infants.

4.  Dairy Development in India.
 Study of Dairy Culture in Sarath (Jharkhand).
 Problems related to Dairy Farming.

5. Dairy Development in India.
• India has the highest level of milk production and
consumption of all countries.
• The annual production was 186 million tonnes as of 2018. As
of 2020, approximately 4.2% of India's gross domestic
product was due to dairy production.
• In 2019, the Indian dairy sector was reported to be growing
at 4.9% yearly.

6. Study of Dairy Culture in Sarath (Jharkhand).
• The study area selected for study of dairy culture is Sarath. Sarath is a community development block that
forms an administrative division in the Madhupur subdivision of the Deoghar district, Jharkhand state, India.
• In Jharkhand, the rural economy is dominated by small holder rain-fed farming mainly rice cropping with
livestock and extensive common property resources mainly forests.
• Rain-fed agriculture has traditionally been the core of livelihoods for poor families in rural Jharkhand,
supplements in varying degrees by livestock rearing, handicrafts, wages and hunting and gathering. Livestock
practices are mostly on non-scientific lines.
• The productivity of livestock in Jharkhand state is significantly low and traditional. About 83% of the milk
producing animals in the state is non-descript.

7. METHODOLOGY
• This study was conducted at various areas of Sarath Block, Deoghar District in Jharkhand
during the time period of March to April 2022.
• The field visit has been undertaken personally by taking data about various villagers having
cows and buffaloes. The primary data were collected from the sample villages regarding
various aspects as per the requirement of the present day.
• The study was conducted by personally visiting the cow holder’s place and collecting the
required data along with the details like the source of food. Variuos photographs relevant to
this have been clicked.
• The questionnaire is attached in the annexure. Only the milk farmers working on commercial
scale were selected for interview.

8. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Series1
Series2
Fig - Name of Cattle Holder along with number of cows and buffaloes along with milking capacity.

9. 1 Charakmara(Diwakar Mehra)
2 Dindakoli (Naval Ray)
3 Charakmara (Congress Das)
4 Dindakoli (Suresh Kumar)
5 Charakmara (Chandra Kishore Das)
6 Karma (Gopal Yadav)
7 Sarath (Kamlesh Yadav)
8 Dindakoli (Kamleshwar Mandal)
9 Sarath (Vishwanath Pratap Mandal)
10 Sarath (Gautam Kumar Yadav)
Fig - Area with cattle holder’s name along with no. of cows and buffaloes.

10. Problems related to Dairy Farming.
• Marketing and Pricing
• Shortage of feed/fodder
• Breeding system
• Education and Training
• Health
• Hygiene Conditions
• Quality testing infrastructure and trained work force
• Processing equipment and food ingredients

11. CONCLUSION
• Dairy farming is the practice of raising mother animals such as cows, goats, buffalo, donkeys,
and other livestock and using their milk to feed humans.
• Dairy products include cheese, butter, yogurt, ice cream, and milk.
• They are artificially inseminated and produce enormous, unnatural quantities of milk.
• According to the survey the milking capacity of cattle can be increased to manifolds by
increasing the fodder amount and by treatment of various diseases related to cattle.
• Government should take various initiatives regarding the schemes related to cattle rearing and
successful implementation. The village cattle owner’s will be greatly benefitted by these
schemes.
• Also various interbreeding programmes must be encouraged so that high milk yielding varieties
can be introduced to Indian cattle industry.