Module-1_Getting-Started_with_selenium_and_Java_basics.pdf

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Data Science
Automation
Using Selenium

Introduction

Participant’s Introduction
❑ Name
❑ Professional experience
❑ Current role
❑ What you know about Tableau
❑ What you expect from the session

Agenda
✓ Why Automation
✓ Software Testing
✓ Types of Software's
✓ STE vs. SDET
✓ QTP vs. Selenium
✓ Introduction to Selenium
✓ Selenium Components
✓ Why Selenium Web Driver
✓ Disadvantages with Selenium
✓ Selenium with Java Overview
✓ Quiz
✓ Hands-On Lab

Getting Started with Selenium

Why Automation
Test automation involves automating a manual process
already in place that uses a formalized testing process.
Converting manual test cases into test Script
• Why and When To Automate?
• Frequent regression testing
• Repeated test case Execution is required User
Acceptance Tests
• Faster Feedback to the developers Reduce the
Human Effort
• Test same application on multiple environments

Automation Testing
• Execute(Run) Test Script on Sprint(software) called
Automation Testing
• Prepare Test Scenarios Test Cases Test Data into Test
Script Using {Testing Tools Selenium ,QTP . .} called
Test Automation
• Prepare Test Scenarios Test Cases Test Data
Study User Stories {Requirements}
SDET{Software Development Engineer in Testing}
Manual Testing
• Run TS,TC with TD on Sprint{Software}
Operating Mouse & Keyboard
• Prepare Test Scenarios Test Cases Test Data
• Study User Stories {Requirements}
• STE{Software Test Engineer}
Software Testing

Types of Software
• Developed Based on
Specific Customer
Requirements
• Customer Should Pay
• Customer is Owner
• Example SBI, HDFC,
AbhiBus
• Developed Based on
Market Requirements
• Company Invest Money
• Company is Owner
• Example Operating
System , Team viewer ,
Skype
Software
Project Based
Software
Product Based
Software

Need for Automation
Software Testing
Functional Testing
Performance Testing
Other Non Functional Testing's
Manual/Automation
Manual/Automation
Manual/Automation
Manual
Advantage
Time Solving
Decreases Cost and Complexity
It takes Less Time

Software Testing
Functional
Testing
• GUI Testing
• Input Domain
Testing
• Error Handling
Testing
• Manipulation Testing
• Database Testing
• Data Volume Testing
• Recovery Testing
• Integration Testing
Non
Functional
Testing
• Usability Testing
• Compatibility Testing
• Configuration
Testing
• Performance Testing
• Security Testing
• Multilanguity Testing
• Parallel Testing
• Compliance Testing

Types of Software's
1-Tier Software
2-Tier Software
3-Tier Software
n-Tier Software
Native/Hybrid App
Site in Mobile
Description
Window based Software
Window based Software
Web based Software
Web Services
Not Required Mobile Data
Required Mobile Data
Example
Screens, Notepad, Calculator
Screens with Database, Projects
without Server
Website, WebPages, WebServer,
Database, Gmail
Web Services, Web Server,
Database, Cricket Score
Offline Apps, Games
Whatsapp
Software Types

QTP vs Selenium
•
•
QTP
• In recent economic crisis, software
companies are planning for cost
reduction and efficient productivity.
• QTP is losing its market because of the
following limitations:
• Runs only in Windows environments.
• Cannot test with all browser types and
versions.
• Limited to smaller organizations/
testing teams.
• High licensing and add-inns costs.
• Slow in execution when compared
with open source tools.
Selenium
• Selenium is a robust set of tools that
supports rapid development of test
automation for web-based applications
• Supports Cross Browser Testing.The
Selenium tests can be run on multiple
browsers and also supports all
environment
• Allows scripting in several languages
like Java, C#,PHP and Python.
• Open Source(Free of cost)
• Assertion statements provide an
efficient way of comparing expected
and actual results.
• Inbuilt reporting mechanism.

Selenium
Jason Huggins and team from ThoughtWorks Inc.
developed the testing tool in 2004
Huggins joked about competitor HP Mercury Tools saying
cure mercury poisoning by taking Selenium supplements.
Hence the name “Selenium”
Works anywhere JavaScript is supported

Primarily, Selenium was created by Jason Huggins in 2004
Created JavaScript
JavaScriptTestRunner
Selenium Core
Named it as Later re-named as
Selenium

Selenium Components
Selenium is not just a single tool , suite of tool’s.
It has 4 Components:
Shinya Kasatani
Selenium Integrated
Development Environment (IDE)
Paul Hammant
Selenium Remote Control (RC)
Simon Stewart
Selenium Web Driver
Patrick Lightbody
Selenium Grid

Selenium
In 2006 Selenium Web Driver was launched at Google.
In 2008 Whole Selenium Team Decided to Merge Selenium Web Driver with Selenium RC in order to form
More Powerful tool called Selenium 2.0
Selenium
IDE{Limited Use}
Selenium RC
{Remote Control}
Out Dated Using
only for
Maintenance
Projects
Selenium Web
Driver {Successor
of Selenium RC}
Selenium
Grid{Only for
Parallel Test
Execution ,not for
Test Design}

Selenium Suite
Selenium
IDE
Selenium RC
Selenium
Web Driver
Selenium
Grid
Selenium2
Selenium3
Merged
Enhanced
Simon Stewart Patrick Lightbody
Paul Hammant
Shinya Kasatani

Selenium IDE
The IDE will be opened
Now perform the operations on the application as you are testing the
application
Selenium IDE is an integrated development environment for Selenium
tests.
It is implemented as a Firefox extension, and allows you to record, edit,
and replay the test in firefox
Selenium IDE allows you to save tests as HTML, Java, Ruby scripts, or any
other format.
It allows you to automatically add assertions to all the pages.
Allows you to add selenese commands as and when required
Go To Tools Selenium IDE

Selenium RC
Selenium 1.0
• A server, written in Java and so available on all the platforms.
• Acts as a proxy for web requests from them.
• Client libraries for many popular languages.
• Bundles Selenium Core and automatically loads into the browser
• Once the Scripts are recorded add assertions where ever
required
• Now format the Selenese test into the language of your choice.
• Please refer to the Image

Selenium Grid
a. Selenium Grid is a part of the Selenium Suite
b. Selenium Grid has a Hub and Node Architecture.
c. To Run your tests against different browsers,
operating systems, and machines all at the same time
d. If you set up Selenium Grid to run, say, 4 tests at a
time, then you would be able to finish the whole suite
around 4 times faster.
e. It support both Selenium RC and Web Driver scripts.

Selenium WebDriver
Selenium WebDriver
Architecture
Selenium 2.0
WebDriver is designed to providing a simpler and
uniformed programming interface
Same WebDriver script runs for different
platforms
Support multiple programming language:
• Java, C#, Python, Ruby, PHP, Perl…

Why Selenium WebDriver
• We can Freely
Download & Use
• We can do
Enhancements
Selenium is
Open Source
Software
• MS Windows
• Linux
• Macintosh
• Apple OX
Selenium
Supports
different
Operating
Environments
• Google Chrome
• Linux
• Mozilla Firefox
• IE
• Safari
• Opera…….
Selenium
Supports
different
Browser
Environments
• Web Based
• Mobile Based –
Applications
Having Web
Forms
Selenium
Supports
different
Application
Environments
• Java
• C#
• Python
• JavaScript (Node)
• Ruby
Selenium
Supports
different
Programming
Environments

Disadvantages with Selenium
❑ It doesn’t generate detailed Test Reports
❑ No reliable support
❑ Difficult to setup environment
❑ Limited support for Image based testing
❑ No other tool integration for test management

Selenium with Java
Why we choose Java ? why don’t we go for Other
Programming Languages since Selenium has Compatibility
with Other Programming Languages ?
❑ Selenium written in Java
❑ Knowledge sharing is very easy , as Majority of
Selenium Testers (nearly 77%) using Java,.
❑ Java is Platform Independent (can use on Any
Operating System)

JDK
Any OS
Eclipse IDE
Java Project
Package
Class
Main()
{
----
-----
}
Selenium Web Driver Jars
Pages in IE
Pages in Chrome
Pages in Firefox
Web
Server
DB
Chrome Driver
Tester Computer

Java Environment Setup
Download Java
(JDK) Software and
Install
Set Environment
Variable (Path
variable)
Download Eclipse
IDE and Extract.
• Create Java project
• Create Java Package
• Create Java Class /Program

Establish Test Environment
JDK SETUP STEPS
Check Computer
OS bit Size
Ex: 32bit or 64 bit?
32 bit
(windo
ws x86)
64 bit
(windo
ws x64)
Now follow below
Navigation to
Download JDK8
w.r.t bit size of OS
Launch Google
Browser.
Enter JDK8 Download
Click Search
goto Oracle.com.site
http://www.oracle.c
om/technetwork/jav
a/javase/downloads
/jdk8-downloads-
2133151.html
Java SE Development
Kit
Accept License
Agreement RADIO
BUTTON
Click JDK Link wrt bit
size of OS
ex: JDK x86 for 32bit
JDK x64 fro 64bit OS
Paste that download
in your selected
folder
Create Personal
Folder in your
selected Drive
Paste that
download into
your Personal
Folder without
Space EXAMPLE:
Intelipaat

Configuring Computer with Java
Open your Personal
Folder and Double Click
on Download Enter
JDK8 Download
Click next until Finish
After Installing check
Java Folder in your C
drive-programfiles-
javafolder-jdk
Goto JDK folder in
C:ProgramfilesJavaJ
DK1.8.0.
Copy Path of JDK
Folder
Right Click on
MyComputer Icon
Go to Properties
Advanced System
Settings
Environment Variables
Click New for System
Variables
Variable name:
JAVA_HOME
Variable value:
c:programfielsjavajd
k18.0_20
OK Cancel
Click OK
Goto Path Variable-
>Select Path->Click Edit
->Without Distrubing
Existing Path
Paste
c:programfielsjavajd
k18.0_20bin;

To check JDK installed Properly or not?
Open Command
prompt
Type
cmd
in Start search
Enter Following
Commands
• C:> D:
• D:> java
• D:> javac
Able to see
www.oracle.com

ECLIPSE IDE Setup
Goto google Click next
until Finish
Enter Eclipse Juno SR2
download
Click Search.
Go to Eclipse.org.site
Go to windows 32 bit or
64 bit
Click Download
Paste that download in
Personal folder
Extract that download in
Personal Folder
Open Eclipse Folder after
Extract
You will find Eclipse Icon Right click on Icon
Select Desktop(Create
Short Cut)
Eclipse Ide will be visible
on Desktop
Double click on Eclipse
Icon
Then you will find for first
time Workspace Option
Select your Personal
Folder
To change workspace
folder
Goto file menu in Eclipse
Switch to Workspace
Other

JAVA PROJECT CREATION IN ECLIPSE
Eclipse
File
New
Select Option Other Choose Java Project
New Java Project
Project Name
(Lowercase Only)
Place Tick on Default
Location
Click Finish
Project Created

JAVA PROJECT CREATION IN ECLIPSE
Note:-
After Completion of Java Project Creation in Eclipse.
Check JRE Version(Run Time Version)
Right Click on Java Project
Properties
Java Compiler
Change to Latest Version(1.8)
Java Build Path
Libraries
Remove Lower Version JRE System-> Library
Click(Add Library)
Select JRE System Library as Latest(1.8)
Click Finish
Click Ok

JAVA PACKAGE CREATION
Right Click on Java Project File
New
Package
Enter name to Package(Lowercase)
Click Finish
CLASS CREATION IN JAVA PACKAGE
To Create a Class with main Method
Right Click on Package
New
Class
Enter Name to Class in Name Blank
Class name Starts with Uppercase(Ex: Test)
Note: Do Tick mark on Public Static void
main(stringargs[]) Click Finish
Select main method option
Click Finish

Prerequisite
Java for Test Automation using
Selenium Core Java is sufficient,
Advanced Java is not required.

Core Java
Java Fundamentals
Data Types and Variables
Operators
Decision Making
Arrays
Loops
Java OOPS Concepts
Classes and Objects
Class Constructors
String Class
Core Java

Object
State
Variables
Dog Breed ,Color
Behavior
Methods
Barking, Running
Object is Instance of Class
Object is a Collection of Methods and Variables
Classes are the templates for
the creation of objects
Class
Dog
Note1:-
The difference between a class
and an object is that class are
created
when the program is created
but the objects are created at
the run time.
Note2:-
A method can produce some value
or return some value. If the method is
returning some value then the type of value
that a method can provide (or return) is
written on the left side of the method name.
But when it does not , then method is to be
declared as void method.

Dog(Class)
Object1(Tommy)
Object1(Honey)
Object1(Jimmy)
Breed
Lifespan
Color
Barking
Running
State(Variables)
Breed Labrador
Lifespan 7 Years
State(Variables)
Breed German Sheppard
Lifespan 9 Years
State(Variables)
Breed Rot wheeler
Lifespan 7 Years
Behavior(Methods)
clean-cut head
Friendly
powerful jaws
Swimmers
Bomb Detectors
Behavior(Methods)
barkers.
Digging
Chewing
Behavior(Methods)
fearless expression
calm and confident
aloof toward strangers

Fundamental Concepts

1. Documentation Section
2. Package declaration
Statement
3. Import Statements
Structure of Program in Java
We import built in and User defined libraries
using import keyword
Ex:
import java.io.Console;
import java.lang.*;
import - It is a Java keyword to import Libraries.
java –Project
io –Package
Console – Class
lang.*; - import all classes from lang package.
Ex: package xyza;

public class Sample {
}
public - Access Modifier
class - Java keyword to declare a class
Sample - it is the Class name (You can use any meaningful name)
4. Class declaration
Statement

(* It is the mandatory statement in every Java program)
public static void main (String [] args) {
}
public - Access Modifier
static - Non-Access Modifier (use main method without invoking any object)
void - Returns nothing
main- method name
5. main Method (Java Program execution starts from main method)

We can Declare Variables and Constants.
Other Statements
System.out.println(“Automation Using Selenium");
System - Class (Pre-defined)
out - Object
println - method
“Automation Using Selenium" - Message
5. Declarations

-Decision making
-Loop
-Method blocks (method declaration before the main method, but we access methods
after main method)
etc...
-------------------------------------
> Every normal statement/step ends with semi colon
> Every code block enclosed with {}
7. Code Blocks

First Program in Java
//Documentation
package xyza;
import java.io.Console;
import java.lang.*;
public class Sample {
//Create a Method(User defined)
public int multiply(int a, int b, int c){ //multiply is the
method name
//a,b,c are Integer Data Types
int result = a * b * c; //Multiplication Operation
return result;
}
public static void main (String []
args){
// This is a sample Program
int a = 10, b, c; //Variables
Declaration
b = 20; c = 30; //Initialization
final int money =100;//Constant
Declaration
System.out.println("Addition of a, b is "
+ (a + b));//Addition of a, b is 30
System.out.println(money);//100
System.out.println(c);//30

//Decision Making
if (a > b){
System.out.println("A is a Big Number");
}
else
{
System.out.println("B is a Big Nuber");
}

//Loop
for (int d=1; d <=10; d++){
System.out.println(d);
}
//Create Object and access Methods
Sample obj = new Sample();
int x = obj.multiply(10, 25, 50);
System.out.println(x);
}
}

Comments in Java
Comments are English words used for Code documentation.
Purpose of Comments
a) To make the code Readable
b) To make the code disable from execution
Use // for Single line comment
Use /*
Usage of Comments in Test Automation
a) To write Test Case header
b) To write Method header
c) To explain complex logic etc...
*/ for multiple lines comment

Data Types
Primitive Data Types
Non-Primitive Data
Types/Reference DT
What is Data Type?
A data type indicates the type of data the
variable can represents, such as integer,
floating point numbers, character,
Boolean or an alphanumeric string.

Primitive Data Types
Primitive Data
Type
Integer Types Relational Types Characters Conditional
1. byte (8 bits)
byte a =10;
2. short (16 bits)
short a =10000;
3. integer(32 bits)
int a = 100000;
4. long (64 bits)
long a
=100000000000000;
5. float (32 bits)
float a = 1.23;
6. double (64 bits)
double a
=123.345654322;
7. character
char a ='Z'
8. Boolean
boolean a = true;

Non-Primitive Data Types
Non-Primitive Data
Type
Objects Array

Operators in Java
Operators are used to perform Mathematical, Comparison and Logical operations.
Categories of Operators:
S.No Operator Name Operator Category
a. Arithmetic Operators - + * / % ++ --
b. Relational Operators > < >= <= == !=
c. Bitwise Operators & | ^ >> >>>
d. Logical Operators && || & | ! ^
e. Assignment Operators =
f. Miscellaneous Operators += -= *= /= %=

Flow Control Statements
Conditional Statements
If Statement
Switch Statement
Loop Statements
For loop
While loop
Do While loop
Enhanced For loop (arrays)

Conditional Statements
Types
of
Condition
Single Condition (Positive/Negative)
(1)
Compound Condition
(2)
Nested condition
(3,4,5)
•Execute a block of statements when condition is True.
•Execute a block of statements when condition is True,
otherwise execute another block of statements.
•Decide among several alternates (Else If)
•Execute a block of statements when more than one
condition is True.(nested If)
•Decide among several alternates (Switch statement)
Usage of Conditional Statements

Arrays in Java
Definition:
Array is a collection of similar type of elements.
• In Java, Array is an Object that contains elements of similar data types.
• Java Array is index based, index starts from Zero.
• The length of an Array is established when the Array is created and Array length is fixed.
• Each item in an Array is called an Element.

Methods in Java
Basically Methods are Two types:
Definition:
Methods are also known as
Functions.
• In structured programming (Ex: C
Language) we use Functions(Built-in and
User defined),
• In Object oriented programming we use
Methods (Built-in and User defined).
Built in Methods
Number Methods
Character methods
String Methods
Date & Time Methods
etc...
User defined Methods
Method with
returning value
Method without
returning any value.

Exception handling In Java
Definition:
In Computer programming, Exception is an abnormal
condition.
• An exception is an event that occurs during the execution of a program that disturbs the normal flow
of instructions.
• The Run-time errors so that normal flow of the program can be maintained exception handling in
java is one of the powerful mechanism to handle

Object Oriented Programming System
Concepts

Object Oriented Programming System Concepts
Four Fundamentals of OOPS
Encapsulation
Abstraction
Polymorphism
Inheritance

Inheritance
Note: Java doesn't support Multiple Inheritance.
• Inheritance is a mechanism in which one Object
acquires all the properties and behaviors of Parent
object.
• Using Inheritance we can create Classes that are built in
upon existing classes.
• When we Inherit from an existing class, then we can
reuse Methods and fields from
• Parent class and we can add new methods and fields
Java Supports:
Single
Inheritance
Multi Level
Inheritance
Hierarchal
Inheritance

Polymorphism
Note: We can achieve Polymorphism by
Method Overloading and Method Overriding.
Definition:
Performing task/s in different ways.
Polymorphism derived from two Greek words,
Poly - means Many
Morphs - means forms/ways
So polymorphism means many ways.
Two types of
Polymorphism in Java
Compile Time
Polymorphism
Run-time
Polymorphism

Abstraction
Definition:
• Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation
details and showing functionality to the user.
• In another way it shows important things to the user
and hides internal details.
Ex: Sending email
• Abstraction focuses on what the Object does instead
of how it does.
• Abstraction can be achieved in two ways
Abstraction can be
achieved in two
ways
Abstract Class(0 to
100%)
Interface (100%)

Encapsulation
Definition:
• Encapsulation is a process of wrapping code and data
together into a single unit.
Ex: Capsule (mixed of several medicines)
• It provides control over the data.

Java Packages
Definition:
• A Java Package is a similar type of classes, interfaces
and sub packages.
• Two types of Packages in Java
• Built in Packages
Ex: io, util, sql etc...
• User defined Packages
Java Packages

Java Programming Hierarchy
Note: We write Java code in the Class or Interface.
Java Project
Java Package
Java class/ Java Interface

QUIZ

Quiz
Q 1. Out of the following which can
only test web applications?
a) QTP -Selenium
b) Functionality Testing.
c) Usability testing
d) Both B & C

Quiz
Q 2. Selenium Web Driver have?
a) Own IDE
b) Programming Interface
c) None of the above

Quiz
Q 3. Automated testing is?
a) To assure quality of software
b) To automate the manual testing

Quiz
Q 4. What kind of tests should NOT be
automated?
a) Scalability Testing
b) Functionality Testing
c) Performance Testing

Quiz
Q 5. Which browsers
support Selenium IDE ?
a) Google Chrome
b) Internet Explorer
c) Mozilla Firefox

Hands-On

Hands-on Lab
❑ Download and Install JDK8
❑ http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/download
s/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
❑ Configuring Computer with JDK
❑ Download ECLIPSE IDE LUNA
❑ http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-ide-
java-ee-developers/lunar
❑ Extract ECLIPSE IDE
❑ Configure ECLIPSE IDE with JDK

Email us – support@intellipaat.com
Visit us - https://intellipaat.com
Thank You

Module-1_Getting-Started_with_selenium_and_Java_basics.pdf

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