Module 1 The Cell.pdf
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This document provides an overview of the cell theory and the development of cell biology. It begins by outlining the objectives of studying cells and introduces key figures in the development of the cell theory. These include Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who first observed cells under a microscope in the 1660s, and Robert Hooke, who coined the term "cell". The document then describes how Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, Robert Remak, and Rudolf Virchow contributed to the classical cell theory. It presents the three main points of the classical and modern cell theories. The rest of the document contrasts the main features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, provides examples of each, and
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The cell theory
This document outlines the key events in the discovery of cells and the development of the cell theory. It describes Robert Hooke observing cells in 1665, van Leeuwenhoek creating powerful microscopes to view cells in 1673, Robert Brown discovering the nucleus in 1827-33, Matthias Schleiden concluding that plants are made of cells in 1838, Theodor Schwann concluding that animals are made of cells in 1839, and Rudolph Virchow formulating the cell theory that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1855. The cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic functional units of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
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This document provides an introduction to cell biology. It discusses key topics like what is a cell, the cell theory, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell size and structure, and early discoveries of cells by scientists like Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, and Schwann. It also outlines course policies and provides an overview of topics to be covered, including cell organelles, cell types, microscopy, and cell evolution.
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- Cell theory states that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, cells are structurally and functionally similar, and organisms arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key developments included Hooke and Leeuwenhoek observing cells under microscopes in the 1600s, Brown discovering the nucleus in 1831, Schleiden and Schwann establishing that plants and animals are made of cells in 1838-1839, and Virchow proposing that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1858.
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The document discusses the history and key discoveries related to cells. It begins with Robert Hooke observing cork cells under a microscope in 1665. Later scientists like Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered protozoa and red blood cells. The cell theory was developed based on the combined work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, stating that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells only come from preexisting cells. The document also describes cell diversity in size, shape, and internal structures between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and provides examples of organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and their functions.
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1. The document discusses the history of cell theory and microscopy. Anton van Leeuwenhoek first observed single-celled organisms using microscopes in the 1600s. Robert Hooke observed cell structures in cork in 1665.
2. Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann contributed to cell theory in the 1830s-1840s. Schleiden concluded plants are made of cells. Schwann concluded animal tissues are made of cells. Rudolf Virchow concluded in 1858 that all cells come from other cells.
3. The basic principles of cell theory are that all living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells come from pre
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The cell theory
This document outlines the key events in the discovery of cells and the development of the cell theory. It describes Robert Hooke observing cells in 1665, van Leeuwenhoek creating powerful microscopes to view cells in 1673, Robert Brown discovering the nucleus in 1827-33, Matthias Schleiden concluding that plants are made of cells in 1838, Theodor Schwann concluding that animals are made of cells in 1839, and Rudolph Virchow formulating the cell theory that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1855. The cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic functional units of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
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This document provides an introduction to cell biology. It discusses key topics like what is a cell, the cell theory, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell size and structure, and early discoveries of cells by scientists like Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, and Schwann. It also outlines course policies and provides an overview of topics to be covered, including cell organelles, cell types, microscopy, and cell evolution.
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Cell-Introduction.pdf
- Cell theory states that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, cells are structurally and functionally similar, and organisms arise from pre-existing cells.
- Key developments included Hooke and Leeuwenhoek observing cells under microscopes in the 1600s, Brown discovering the nucleus in 1831, Schleiden and Schwann establishing that plants and animals are made of cells in 1838-1839, and Virchow proposing that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1858.
- There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack nuclei and organelles and eukaryotic cells which have distinct nuclei surrounded by membranes and organelles like mitochondria and Golgi bodies.
CELL COMPONENTS
The document discusses the history and key discoveries related to cells. It begins with Robert Hooke observing cork cells under a microscope in 1665. Later scientists like Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered protozoa and red blood cells. The cell theory was developed based on the combined work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, stating that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells only come from preexisting cells. The document also describes cell diversity in size, shape, and internal structures between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and provides examples of organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and their functions.
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1. The document discusses the history of cell theory and microscopy. Anton van Leeuwenhoek first observed single-celled organisms using microscopes in the 1600s. Robert Hooke observed cell structures in cork in 1665.
2. Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann contributed to cell theory in the 1830s-1840s. Schleiden concluded plants are made of cells. Schwann concluded animal tissues are made of cells. Rudolf Virchow concluded in 1858 that all cells come from other cells.
3. The basic principles of cell theory are that all living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells come from pre
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The document provides background information on the history and development of cell theory. It includes:
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The microscope enabled the discovery that all living things are made of cells. In 1665, Robert Hooke used a simple microscope to observe box-shaped structures in cork that he called "cells". In the late 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used an improved microscope to observe living organisms in pond water and milk. Over subsequent decades, scientists including Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow contributed observations that led to the accepted Cell Theory - that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure, and cells come from pre-existing cells. More advanced microscopes like electron microscopes have since allowed scientists to study cells in even greater detail.
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The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of life, new cells are formed from existing cells, and cells and their products make up living organisms. Evidence for the cell theory came from early microscope observations by Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and others showing the presence of cells. Schleiden and Schwann combined these observations with their own work to propose the first two principles of the cell theory. Virchow later added the third principle that cells only arise from pre-existing cells. Unicellular organisms carry out all the functions of life, while multicellular organisms show emergent properties and cell differentiation allows specialization of function.
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A. The development of the has allowed us to study cells and their processes 1. T a. Resolution is
the ability ofamicroscope to show two objects as separate Magnification is how much larger an
object appears compared to its actual size a Light microscopes are the kind we use in lab. They
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b. Electron microscopes use beams of electrons. They have better resolving and magnification
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things & come from other cells. This theory developed as a result of contributions of 5 people
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the term cell to describe the basic structure of living organisms. When observing cork he noticed
that it was full of small room like structures. These structures resembled the cells that monks
lived in thus he coined the term cell in relationship Schleiden-plants are composed ofcells to
living organisms. d Schwann-animals are composed of cells e. Virchow-cells don\'t just appear
they come from preexisting cells. B. Two major classes of cells. which is coiled in region where
the nuc leus would be if the cell had a nucleus. This group includes the archaea and bacteria have
a true nucleus which is bordered by a double membrane called the nuclear enve lop. This group
includes the protists, fungi, plants, and animals collectively known as the Eukarya.
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organelles within a fluid called B. Membrane Structure and Function 1. The serves as the border
of the cell. Its unique structure allows it to regulate what enters and exits a cell, for this reason it
is oft called the gate keeper 2. Membrane Structure pecialized lipids known as make up most of
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and two x I N
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1. Developmet of microscope enabled the study of cells. Microscopes are two types light or
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2. In a compound light microscope the high power objective lens comes close to the specimen to
magnify the image. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) depends on the electron beam of
short wavelength to illuminate the internal structures of microorganisms. The electron beam
penetrates into the specimen and magnifies 1nm object up to 500,000X. In scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) the specimen is coated with a thin layer of heavy metal like gold or
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This document provides an overview of cell and molecular biology. It defines cells as the basic structural and functional units of life and describes their components and characteristics. The development of cell theory by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow is summarized. Molecular biology is introduced as the study of gene structure and function at the molecular level, involving DNA, RNA, proteins, and their interactions. Common techniques used in molecular biology like PCR and DNA sequencing are listed.
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Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells only come from pre-existing cells, and cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things. Key developments in cell theory included Robert Hooke discovering cells in 1665, Anton van Leeuwenhoek observing cells under a microscope in 1674-1678, and Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow establishing the tenets of cell theory between 1838-1858. Modern cell theory includes that cells contain DNA, have the same basic chemical composition, and that all life's energy and metabolic processes occur within cells. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells
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1. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and all cells come from preexisting cells. This theory was developed in the 1800s based on discoveries of cells using microscopes.
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BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docx
BIO120
Concepts of Biology
Unit 2 Lecture
Part One: Cell Biology
Microscopy
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
In 1665, Robert Hooke was the first person to describe a cell,
because no one ever had a lens powerful enough to see one.
His first specimen was a piece of cork, the cells reminded him of
little rooms (cella). Hence the name.
Discovering Cells
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Although Hooke was the first person to see a cell,
Leeuwenhoek described the most cells in about 1683. He
was first to see bacteria and other microbes, because his lens
was 10 times more powerful than Hooke’s.
Discovering Microbes
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Most modern light microscopes can magnify objects up
to 400 or 1,000 times the size of what you can see with
the naked eye. Some light microscopes are dissecting
microscopes, which have a lower magnification, but allow
biologist to examine larger objects.
Modern Light Microscopes
Bright Field MicroscopeDissecting Microscope
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
This image shows uterine cervix cells, viewed through
a light microscope. The cells were obtained from a Pap
smear during a gynecological exam. The cells on the left
are normal. The cells on the right are infected with human
papillomavirus, which can cause cervical cancer. These
potential cancerous cells are bigger and appear to be
dividing. The cells are blue, because they have been stained
to help see them better.
Cell Image
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Even more powerful than a light microscope is an electron
microscope. Electron microscope uses electrons instead of
light to form images and can magnify images 100,000 x.
The top images shows the amazing details on an ant head.
The lower image shows Salmonella infecting human cells.
Electron Microscope
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
This image summarizes the sizes of cells and their
components and what can be seen by the naked eye, light
microscope, and electron microscope.
Size of Cells
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Cells can be classified as either prokaryotes or eukaryotes
depending on whether a nucleus is present or absent.
Prokaryotes are .
life sciences topic two(cells)
This document discusses cells and their structures. It begins by introducing microscopes and how they allow the viewing of cells. It then outlines the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, new cells are produced from existing cells, and cells are the basic functional units of life. The document describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - and provides details on animal and plant cell structures including organelles like the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell wall and cell membrane. It concludes by noting the functions of organelles in cells.
The discovery of cells notes
The document discusses the early discoveries of cells in the 1600s by van Leeuwenhoek and Hooke using early microscopes. They observed "cells" and drew hundreds of examples, with Hooke naming them cells based on their similarities to small monk rooms. This early work led to the development of the Cell Theory which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotes which are bacteria and lack organelles/nucleus, and eukaryotes which are mostly multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and organelles.
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The document discusses the history and principles of cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Hooke, Levenguk, and Purkinje made early observations of cells. In 1839, Schwann and Schleiden formulated the first principles of cell theory: (1) all living things are made of cells and (2) animal and plant cells have similar structure and composition. Later, Virchow added that cells only arise from preexisting cells. The modern cell theory includes four principles: (1) cells are the basic unit of life, (2) cells have similar composition and function, (3) new cells arise from existing cells, and (4) cell specialization leads to tissue and organ formation
Cell-Theory.ppt
Cell biology studies the fundamental unit of life, the cell. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells, which lack organelles and a nucleus, and eukaryotic cells, which have organelles and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are made of cells, and new cells are produced from existing cells. Cells have several organelles that allow them to carry out functions necessary for life.
Cells
The basic unit of life is the cell. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function. Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus enclosed within membranes and other membrane-bound structures. Cells vary greatly in their size, shape, and internal structures, depending on their function in different living things.
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Chapter 7 1
The document summarizes the history and development of the cell theory from early microscope observations of cells in the 1600s to the modern principles of the cell theory established in the 1800s. It describes the key scientists who contributed to cell discoveries and theory, including Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and organization, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The document also provides a brief overview of microscope technology and the basic differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Fundamental Units of Life. ppt
This document provides an overview of cell biology. It begins with definitions of key terms like cell and discusses early observations of cells by scientists like Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and others. It then explains the cell theory and the unity and diversity of cells. The rest of the document details various cell structures like organelles, their functions, types of microscopy used to study cells, model organisms for research, and more. It provides a comprehensive but concise introduction to the fundamental concepts and topics within cell biology.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of life, new cells are formed from existing cells, and cells and their products make up living organisms. Evidence for the cell theory came from early microscope observations by Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and others showing the presence of cells. Schleiden and Schwann combined these observations with their own work to propose the first two principles of the cell theory. Virchow later added the third principle that cells only arise from pre-existing cells. Unicellular organisms carry out all the functions of life, while multicellular organisms show emergent properties and cell differentiation allows specialization of function.
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Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells only come from pre-existing cells, and cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things. Key developments in cell theory included Robert Hooke discovering cells in 1665, Anton van Leeuwenhoek observing cells under a microscope in 1674-1678, and Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow establishing the tenets of cell theory between 1838-1858. Modern cell theory includes that cells contain DNA, have the same basic chemical composition, and that all life's energy and metabolic processes occur within cells. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells
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Students will be able to answer the questions;
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eukaryotes?
4. What is the cell specialization and organization?
5. How do substances pass through cells?
Bio A2 Cells
1. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and all cells come from preexisting cells. This theory was developed in the 1800s based on discoveries of cells using microscopes.
2. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack a nucleus, and eukaryotic cells which contain a nucleus and organelles. Prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria and archaea while eukaryotic cells are found in fungi, plants and animals.
3. All cells share some basic components - a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes. However, cells vary widely in
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docx
BIO120
Concepts of Biology
Unit 2 Lecture
Part One: Cell Biology
Microscopy
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
In 1665, Robert Hooke was the first person to describe a cell,
because no one ever had a lens powerful enough to see one.
His first specimen was a piece of cork, the cells reminded him of
little rooms (cella). Hence the name.
Discovering Cells
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Although Hooke was the first person to see a cell,
Leeuwenhoek described the most cells in about 1683. He
was first to see bacteria and other microbes, because his lens
was 10 times more powerful than Hooke’s.
Discovering Microbes
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Most modern light microscopes can magnify objects up
to 400 or 1,000 times the size of what you can see with
the naked eye. Some light microscopes are dissecting
microscopes, which have a lower magnification, but allow
biologist to examine larger objects.
Modern Light Microscopes
Bright Field MicroscopeDissecting Microscope
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
This image shows uterine cervix cells, viewed through
a light microscope. The cells were obtained from a Pap
smear during a gynecological exam. The cells on the left
are normal. The cells on the right are infected with human
papillomavirus, which can cause cervical cancer. These
potential cancerous cells are bigger and appear to be
dividing. The cells are blue, because they have been stained
to help see them better.
Cell Image
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Even more powerful than a light microscope is an electron
microscope. Electron microscope uses electrons instead of
light to form images and can magnify images 100,000 x.
The top images shows the amazing details on an ant head.
The lower image shows Salmonella infecting human cells.
Electron Microscope
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
This image summarizes the sizes of cells and their
components and what can be seen by the naked eye, light
microscope, and electron microscope.
Size of Cells
Microscopy
Discovering Cells
Discovering Microbes
Modern Light
Microscopes
Cell Image
Electron Microscope
Size of Cells
Cell Structure
Osmosis & Diffusion
Cells can be classified as either prokaryotes or eukaryotes
depending on whether a nucleus is present or absent.
Prokaryotes are .
life sciences topic two(cells)
This document discusses cells and their structures. It begins by introducing microscopes and how they allow the viewing of cells. It then outlines the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, new cells are produced from existing cells, and cells are the basic functional units of life. The document describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - and provides details on animal and plant cell structures including organelles like the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell wall and cell membrane. It concludes by noting the functions of organelles in cells.
The discovery of cells notes
The document discusses the early discoveries of cells in the 1600s by van Leeuwenhoek and Hooke using early microscopes. They observed "cells" and drew hundreds of examples, with Hooke naming them cells based on their similarities to small monk rooms. This early work led to the development of the Cell Theory which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotes which are bacteria and lack organelles/nucleus, and eukaryotes which are mostly multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
The document discusses the history and principles of cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Hooke, Levenguk, and Purkinje made early observations of cells. In 1839, Schwann and Schleiden formulated the first principles of cell theory: (1) all living things are made of cells and (2) animal and plant cells have similar structure and composition. Later, Virchow added that cells only arise from preexisting cells. The modern cell theory includes four principles: (1) cells are the basic unit of life, (2) cells have similar composition and function, (3) new cells arise from existing cells, and (4) cell specialization leads to tissue and organ formation
Cell-Theory.ppt
Cell biology studies the fundamental unit of life, the cell. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells, which lack organelles and a nucleus, and eukaryotic cells, which have organelles and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are made of cells, and new cells are produced from existing cells. Cells have several organelles that allow them to carry out functions necessary for life.
Cells
The basic unit of life is the cell. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function. Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus enclosed within membranes and other membrane-bound structures. Cells vary greatly in their size, shape, and internal structures, depending on their function in different living things.
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life - MBBS.pptx
The document discusses the cell and its organelles. It describes how the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell's activities. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus work together to manufacture, modify, and transport proteins and lipids within the cell. Lysosomes help digest food particles and break down damaged cell components.
Chapter 7 1
The document summarizes the history and development of the cell theory from early microscope observations of cells in the 1600s to the modern principles of the cell theory established in the 1800s. It describes the key scientists who contributed to cell discoveries and theory, including Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and organization, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The document also provides a brief overview of microscope technology and the basic differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Fundamental Units of Life. ppt
This document provides an overview of cell biology. It begins with definitions of key terms like cell and discusses early observations of cells by scientists like Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and others. It then explains the cell theory and the unity and diversity of cells. The rest of the document details various cell structures like organelles, their functions, types of microscopy used to study cells, model organisms for research, and more. It provides a comprehensive but concise introduction to the fundamental concepts and topics within cell biology.
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Module 1 The Cell.pdf
- 2. objectives ➜Distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on their features. ➜ Explain the postulates of the cell theory. ➜ Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular organelles. 2
- 3. “What is true for E. coli is also true for the elephant.” --Jacques Monod, biochemist 3
- 4. 4
- 5. Transition Headline Development of Microscopy 1550s present Development of the Cell Theory
- 6. Antony van Leeuwenhoek ➜ observed “animalcules” from pond water, bacteria from teeth, red blood cells and sperm cells using a magnifying tool which consists of 2 flat thin metals and a biconvex lens. 6
- 7. Robert Hooke ➜ coined the term cell to describe what he saw under the microscope. 7
- 8. Matthias schleiden ➜ proposed that all plants are made up of cells. 8
- 9. Theodor schwann ➜ proposed that all animals are made up of cells. 9
- 10. Robert Remak ➜ discovered that cells arise from pre- existing cells via cell division. 10
- 11. Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow ➜ plagiarized Remak’s work and is largely credited for the idea of “Omnis cellula e cellulae” or “every cell stems from another cell”. 11
- 12. 12 1590 1558 1611 1886 1550s present
- 13. 13
- 14. 14
- 15. Classical Cell Theory* All life forms are made from one or more cells. The cell is the smallest form of life. Cells only arise from pre- existing cells. 15 *as modified by Virchow
- 16. Modern Cell Theory ➜ All known living things are made up of cells. ➜ The cell is the structural & functional unit of all living things. ➜ All cells come from pre-existing cells by division cells contain hereditary information that is passed from cell to cell during cell division. 16
- 17. Modern cell theory ➜ All cells are basically the same in chemical composition. ➜ All energy flow of life occurs within cells. 17
- 18. 18
- 19. Big concept Bring the attention of your audience over a key concept using icons or illustrations 19
- 20. Want big impact? Use big image. 20
- 21. 21
- 22. 22
- 23. 23
- 24. Prokaryotic Eubacteria and Archaea Types of Cells Eukaryotic Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists 24
- 25. 25
- 26. 26
- 27. 27
- 28. 28
- 29. 29
- 30. 30
- 31. 31
- 32. Two cell types and their features 32 Criteria Prokaryotes Eukaryotes *data available less More size 1-10 μm 10-100 μm organisms Domain Archaea Domain Bacteria Domain Eukarya energy production Anaerobic, aerobic, fermentation Mainly aerobic, fermentation Genetic material Nucleoid Circular DNA DNA complexed with few histone proteins Nucleus Linear DNA DNA associated with histones organelles Not membrane bound Membrane-bound ribosomes 70 S 80 S
- 33. 33 Criteria Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Number of cells per organism Mainly unicellular Some unicellular many multicellular Compartmentalization of metabolic functions Not as extensive as eukaryotes Extensive Cell division mitosis Mitosis Meiosis Endocytosis Exocytosis absent Present
- 34. 34
- 35. 35
- 36. Group Activity #1 Most Outstanding organelle Students work in groups to create an oral presentation and visual representation of an assigned organelle. They must then present their work to the entire class. The oral presentation is given in the form of a 2-minute persuasive speech, and the visual is given in the form of a "glamour shot” or poster. 36
- 37. ➜ The speech should be formatted in a manner that discusses the role of the organelle within the cell while highlighting the relative importance of the organelle to cell function. The poster or glamour shot should be representative of the organelle's actual structure but may also include creativity to show the organelle as a contestant. 37
- 38. 38
- 39. 39 Section Group No. Assigned Organelle Curie/Newton 1 Nucleus 2 Rough ER 3 Smooth ER 4 Mitochondrion 5 Lysosome Mendel/Einstein 1 Golgi Apparatus 2 Cytoplasm 3 Chloroplast 4 Cell membrane 5 Cell wall
- 40. 40 Section Group No. Assigned Organelle Galilei/Rutherford 1 Ribosome 2 Cytoskeleton 3 Centrioles 4 Vacuole 5 Vesicles
- 41. 41
- 42. 42