Modern dance developed in the 20th century as a rebellion against rigid ballet. Pioneers like Isadora Duncan, Martha Graham, and Doris Humphrey developed new techniques that emphasized movement from the core and being barefoot. They sought to strip dance down to its essentials and move based on concepts rather than prettiness. Over generations, modern dance incorporated more styles and became more diverse and unrestricted.
BalanchineGeorge Balanchine is an important figure in the histor.docxwilcockiris
Balanchine
George Balanchine is an important figure in the history of ballet as he was a major exponent of ballet in the US. He established the first school of American ballet in NYC with Lincoln Kirstein in 1934. Balanchine’s style has been called Neoclassical and the success of his NYC Ballet has spawned many regional companies in the US, including Miami City Ballet, keeping his repertory alive. Balanchine brought a new aesthetic to ballet, stripping away its sentimentality and bringing attention to the movement rather than the spectacle. He brought quick footwork, precision and musicality to classical ballet technique. He collaborated extensively with the composer Stravinsky. His work with the Ballet Russe in the early 20th century exposed Balanchine to the most prominent musical composers and visual artists of the period (i.e. Picasso, Matisse, etc.) which influenced his experimentation with abstraction in the form.
Ballet continues to evolve today. Traditional classical ballets such as Sleeping Beauty and Swan Lake are still performed today with the addition of more contemporary interpretations of the form. Some examples of contemporary ballet:
Modern Dance
Modern dance began as a departure from the restrictions of ballet and a desire to express a wider palette of the human experience. It emphasized the expression of emotion, the exploration of dynamics in the body and presented narratives in a more abstract manner. Some modern dance pioneers eventually developed their own codification and/or process for working. The postmodern dancers rejected codification of any kind as well as known methods for composition. They valued personal movement, innovative forms of performance and preferred abstraction over story telling.
Pioneers of Modern Dance
Isadora Duncan 1877-1927, believed movement should be drawn from nature and was inspired by Ancient Greece, wearing long toga-like robes in her performances. The Duncan technique was comprised of movements such as hopping, swinging, running, skipping and leaping; her desire was to free the body from the confines of ballet.
Ruth St Denis 1878-1968, was inspired by the dances of Asia, in addition to other culturally based forms. She is well known for her grand spectacles, creating a formal school/company. Her husband Ted Shawn was also a pioneer in modern dance who created an all male dance company in addition to performing with Ruth. Martha Graham was a student Ruth St. Denis and later became a member of her company.
Mary Wigman 1886-1973, was a German dancer/choreographer inspired by Expressionism, an artistic movement that emphasized raw emotions. She was a student of Rudolf Laban. In her famous Witch Dance, she went against traditional norms of female beauty in dance.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtLSSuFlJ5c
Rudolf Laban 1879-1958, is sometimes referred to as the father of German modern dance; he developed a system for notating dance called Labanotation in addition to developin.
BalanchineGeorge Balanchine is an important figure in the histor.docxwilcockiris
Balanchine
George Balanchine is an important figure in the history of ballet as he was a major exponent of ballet in the US. He established the first school of American ballet in NYC with Lincoln Kirstein in 1934. Balanchine’s style has been called Neoclassical and the success of his NYC Ballet has spawned many regional companies in the US, including Miami City Ballet, keeping his repertory alive. Balanchine brought a new aesthetic to ballet, stripping away its sentimentality and bringing attention to the movement rather than the spectacle. He brought quick footwork, precision and musicality to classical ballet technique. He collaborated extensively with the composer Stravinsky. His work with the Ballet Russe in the early 20th century exposed Balanchine to the most prominent musical composers and visual artists of the period (i.e. Picasso, Matisse, etc.) which influenced his experimentation with abstraction in the form.
Ballet continues to evolve today. Traditional classical ballets such as Sleeping Beauty and Swan Lake are still performed today with the addition of more contemporary interpretations of the form. Some examples of contemporary ballet:
Modern Dance
Modern dance began as a departure from the restrictions of ballet and a desire to express a wider palette of the human experience. It emphasized the expression of emotion, the exploration of dynamics in the body and presented narratives in a more abstract manner. Some modern dance pioneers eventually developed their own codification and/or process for working. The postmodern dancers rejected codification of any kind as well as known methods for composition. They valued personal movement, innovative forms of performance and preferred abstraction over story telling.
Pioneers of Modern Dance
Isadora Duncan 1877-1927, believed movement should be drawn from nature and was inspired by Ancient Greece, wearing long toga-like robes in her performances. The Duncan technique was comprised of movements such as hopping, swinging, running, skipping and leaping; her desire was to free the body from the confines of ballet.
Ruth St Denis 1878-1968, was inspired by the dances of Asia, in addition to other culturally based forms. She is well known for her grand spectacles, creating a formal school/company. Her husband Ted Shawn was also a pioneer in modern dance who created an all male dance company in addition to performing with Ruth. Martha Graham was a student Ruth St. Denis and later became a member of her company.
Mary Wigman 1886-1973, was a German dancer/choreographer inspired by Expressionism, an artistic movement that emphasized raw emotions. She was a student of Rudolf Laban. In her famous Witch Dance, she went against traditional norms of female beauty in dance.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtLSSuFlJ5c
Rudolf Laban 1879-1958, is sometimes referred to as the father of German modern dance; he developed a system for notating dance called Labanotation in addition to developin.
Week 3 Lecture - Avant-Garde Film PracticesLouise Douse
Title: Avant-Garde Film Practices
Unit: PER007-1 Applied Choreography: Dance and Innovation
Course: Dance and Professional Practice
Institution: University of Bedfordshire
Tutor: Dr Louise Douse
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Week 3 Lecture - Avant-Garde Film PracticesLouise Douse
Title: Avant-Garde Film Practices
Unit: PER007-1 Applied Choreography: Dance and Innovation
Course: Dance and Professional Practice
Institution: University of Bedfordshire
Tutor: Dr Louise Douse
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. History
★ Formed in 20th century as a rebellion to ridged
ballet
★ modern dance technique
○ barefoot
○ uses mobility of spine
○ initiate movement from core
○ uses levels, including floor
★ Choreography based on concept
★ Choreographers had a desire to strip dance to
the essentials
★ No desire for the prettiness (ballet)
★ Based on the process of moving rather than the
product of the movement
3. ★ Influenced by the idea of the furture
★ Developed a “philosophy of dance”
based on spirituality
★ Advocated for the acceptance of “pure
dance” as an art form
★ Wore tunics like greek vase figures
which inspired her dances
★ Her technique used weaving and
whirling in natural movements
★ Corsets and modest clothes were
socially acceptable, Duncan wore
loose short clothes
Isadora Duncan 1st Gen
4. Ruth St. Denis
★ Founded Denishawn
School and Dance
Company with husband
Ted Shawn
★ Used improvised exotic
movement and elaborate
costumes to
communicate the
ritualistic dance of Asian
religion
5. Martha Graham 2nd gen
★ Invented method of breathing and
impulse control called contraction and
release
★ Believed movement started in the
contraction of a muscle and continued
in the flow of energy released from
the body as the muscle is relaxed
★ Her dancers are known for their hard
angular look
★ Because she was so unique her
techniques were known as “ugly”
6. Doris Humphrey
★ Instrumental in founding Juilliard Dance Theatre in
New York City
★ Known as primary innovator of the new modern
dance
★ Fall and recovery was a technique and theory the
foundation of her teaching method
○ Inspired by the German philosopher Fredrick
Nietzche’s theory of the split in every persons
psych:Apollonian (rational and intelectual)
Dionysian side (choatic and emotiona)
○ true essence of modern dance is what
happened in between these two extremes
called “arc between two deaths”
7. Merce Cunningham
★ Former student of Graham
★ Worked with composer John Cage
★ Embraced modernist ideology using
postmodern processes
★ Used chance processes by rolling di or
drawing cards right before performances,
each number resembling a different dance
★ His work known for being non-linear, non-
climatic, non-psychological abstract work
★ Designed for audience to determine its
meaning
8. Alwin Nikolais-Today
★ first works choreographed in 1960
★ known for crazy props and costumes
○ props that extend dancers bodies; costumes
that make dancers look headless; dancers
used as props, visual, and auditory design
10. Alvin Ailey- Today
★ Trained on West Coast
★ First integrated company
★ Commonly danced about racial issues
★ Died in 1989, Judith Jamison ran
company after him
11. 3rd Gen - Post Modernism
Post modern movement was a
reaction to the 2nd Generation
modern dance philosophies.
★ desire to reduce movement to
it’s essentials.
★ No need for prettiness of ballet
or soul searching philosophy of
modern
★ Movement can be striped of
ornamentation with an interest
in pedestrian and gestural
Trisha Brown- “Walking on the Walls”
Yonvanne Rainer
12. Twyla Tharp
★ Went to Barnard University in NYC
★ Joined Paul Taylor Company in 1963
★ In 1966 she made her company
Twlya Tharp Dance
★ Choreographed broadway musical
“Movin’ Out” set to the music of Billy
Joel
○ “Movin’ Out” received 10 Tony
nominations
13. Bill T. Jones and Arnie Zane
★ Zane was a photographer until
he met his lifelong partner,
jones, and began studying
dance with him
★ Bill T. Jones-Arnie Zane
Company made in 1982
★ Worked with people dying of a
disease to set a dance called
“Still Here”
★ Arnie Zane died of AIDS in
1988
14. Dance Today
Modern Dance has become very diverse. It has
consolidated to include all types of dance.
Many dancers train and work in multiple styles
and choreography has grown to include ethnic
dance, martial arts, and folk dance. The form
is unrestricted and is open to the imagination
of the choreographer.
15. Vocabulary
★ triplet: step that goes down, up, up
★ swing: pendulum like movement, fall and
catch
★ prance: exchanging of weight from one foot
to another, imitates animal (bambi)
★ chasse: to chase, step-together-step
★ initiation: the beginning of a movement with
16. Vocabulary
Breath – movement that occurs when the
body is still and breath is the focus
Head/tail – shortening of lengthening the
distance between the head and the
tailbone.
Core/distal- movement from the center of
the body to the periphery or vice versa
17. Vocabulary
Body half – moving one half of the body at
a time (right/left, upper/lower)
Cross lateral – movement that occurs
across the body from one distal extreme to
the other (right foot to left hand)
