mm bagali...... mba...... research......management......hrm......hrd............ Research paper.... PhD.... Research..... Papers.....Anuradha paper on csr..... paper 1
This study aims to prove and analyze the effect of consumer attitudes and physical
environment on purchasing decisions mediated by brand equity. The number of samples in this study
were 133 respondents, to answer the problem formulation in this study path analysis was used and
assisted by the SPSS version 17 statistical program
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
This study aims to prove and analyze the effect of consumer attitudes and physical
environment on purchasing decisions mediated by brand equity. The number of samples in this study
were 133 respondents, to answer the problem formulation in this study path analysis was used and
assisted by the SPSS version 17 statistical program
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
In 2016, the advent of Alibaba's "Buy+" shopping method brought the application scenario of
"Virtual reality(VR)+online shopping" to the world. The interactive 3D shopping environment generated by VR
technology can bring consumers an immersive online shopping experience.
Impact of Web Advertisement on Customers Perception - A Case of Banking Sectorscmsnoida5
Nowadays a lot of innovative services are
offered by the financial service providers to their
customers. The use of more innovation in the
financial sector is the resultant of the day by day
advancement in the technology. Also customer
of today is well aware of the latest technology
and they demand their providers to execute
the technology for business prospective. Target
of all financial service providers’ advertisers
is to reach maximum customers. For this they
utilize every promotional and advertisement
channel so as to reach and inform maximum
public about their products. The purpose of
present study is to determine impact of web
advertisement on customer perception in case of
banking sector. The data will be collected from
200 approx respondents who are aware of the
web advertisements. The collected data will be
put in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS). Afterwards the regression analysis and
correlation analysis will be applied in order to
determine the impact of the web advertisement
on the purchase intention of the customers in
regards to the banking and investment products.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: ...IOSR Journals
This paper explores how private commercial banks practices Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Bangladesh in conserved the case of Southeast Bank Ltd.. In keeping with global movement, CSR is being seen as the source of new competition edge for the banking sectors of Bangladesh. Banks’ of Bangladesh practices CSR to not only improve community relations but also as source of significant commercial benefit. Southeast Bank Ltd. practices CSR under the rules and regulation of Bangladesh Bank. The study based on annual report of 2012 of Southeast Bank Ltd. This study shows that Southeast Bank expenses BDT36.85 million in the year 2012 in the area of education, health, community development, environmental issue, art and culture, sports etc.. Nevertheless, bank expenses highest amount in education sector through scholarship program in Bangladesh whereby school, college and university education tuition and expenses have fully paid for unconditionally. The study can help banking manger’s understand what should be done for the benefits of customers and the community for sustainability.
Value Creation Through Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countrie...Waqas Tariq
Consumer support for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been in practice for some years now and firms are demanded to seriously take CSR initiatives. This project has been compiled out of a wealth of literature that addresses the need and importance of CSR and business ethics in the society in great depth. A case study of CSR at Proctor and Gamble Pakistan was carried out by employing both the qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques to gather information so as to bring the attributes of triangulation in this research. The research findings outlined various views and beliefs of the respondents with regards to CSR initiatives by Proctor and Gamble Pakistan. The CSR awareness and societal veracities are the factors that encourage consumers to think ethically and make decisions in terms of who to develop associations with. The research shows a reflection of deductive approach and the researcher understood the inbuilt pros and cons of dependence upon secondary sources of information. It was attempted to adopt a hybrid strategy in this project but it mainly took a positivist look because of the nature of the questionnaire survey based upon close-ended questions aiming for quantitative data. The trend for CSR initiatives in developing countries is now growing at a decent pace and the recent advancements in technology and media have resulted in grown awareness among consumer groups to exert pressures on multinational companies to be apparent in their statements as well as practices.
Predicting Corporate Failure - An Application of Discriminate Analysisscmsnoida5
Corporate failure is a serious problem being
confronted by the corporate world. This issue
has been a subject of intensive research and
discussion by economists, bankers, creditors,
equity shareholders, accountants, marketing
and management experts. The present study
aims at developing a model for prediction
of corporate failure on the basis of financial
ratios. The study is based on the data of
selected firms from chemical industry (with
equal number of failed and non failed firms).
The discriminant analysis has been used to
discriminate between failed and non failed
firms. It is concluded that some of the
financial ratios can significantly differentiate
between failed and non failed firms. The
finding will be useful for the banks and other
financial institutions in designing a suitable
credit appraisal and monitoring system for their
loans. This model could guide the policy makers
to prepare an early warning system to avoid
bankruptcy.
Sugarcane Company’s performance has remained to be one of the challenging facts in the growing companies in Kenya today. The delays in harvesting operations are attributed to uncoordinated and unpredictable harvesting and transport schedules; and inefficiencies in mill operations. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to determine the influence of Sustainability Management Systems CSR on firm performance of selected sugarcane companies in Kenya. The study is guided by Corporate Social Performance Theory. This study used ex- post facto research design. Ex- post facto research design determines and reports the way things are. The target population was 528 employees. This study therefore sampled 228 respondents. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 managers, 24 supervisors, 38 accountants and 156 clerks from the 7 sugarcane companies because they have specific information concerning the effects of corporate social responsibility practice on firm performance of selected sugarcane companies in Kenya. Pilot study was done in order to test for validity and reliability of the research tools. The pilot study was done in Trans-Mara Sugar Company found in rift Valley region of Kenya. For inferential statistics, correlation and multiple regression was used for comparative analysis between frequencies of corporate social responsibility practice on firm performance. The study findings indicated that sustainability management systems have an effect on firm performance. The government will use this study in establishing policies that would ensure improvement in firm performance of sugarcane processing firms among other firms in Kenya. The study recommends that the companies should encourage sustainability management systems since sustainable management systems is an important mechanism for improving corporate sustainability performance. It can generate business value through measurement and management of sustainability risks and opportunities. The study recommends further researchers to study on corporate social responsibility strategy and financial performance of firms in Kenya which the study didn’t cover.
Synergistic Effects of Social-Business on CSR ProgramsQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Controversy results of research on the relationship of CSR to the company's performance had resulted a positive and negative effect. It can decrease the motivation of companies in order to develop CSR optimally. This controversy can lead to the implementation of CSR forward facing many obstacles. The results of this literature review aims to provide a strong theoretical basis. Real social mission can provide a synergistic effect, the social mission run by the company through CSR programs is able to support or strengthen the business mission being held by the company or even increase profits. Based on the research of some empirical research, it shows that CSR is applied into a strategy which supports the company's main business activity and also can increase profits for the company. This finding is expected to strengthen the motivation of business practices to be more careful in designing CSR as an appropriate strategy in order to support of the company's main business activities as a synergistic effect socially and businesses.
The aim of this research is to develop a comprehensive model by measuring the influence of
culture, social, personal and psychology on consumer decisions in purchasing decisions for bancassurance.
This research applies a descriptive research design using survey methods. Sampling uses convinient sampling
as a sampling technique. This study uses the structural equation modeling approach - Lisrel to test the influence
of the significance of the overall model and predetermined pathway
This study aims to determine the effect of brand equity and service quality on the interests and
decisions of workers to become BPJS-Employment participants, and to assess the impact of interest on workers'
decisions. The population in this study is the Jakarta Cilandak BPJS Consumers, both B2B, and individual. It is
totaling 9,359 customers
Report- Impact of CSR on financial performance of the companyBindu Priya Pasham
A team of dedicated professionals from IIM Udaipur, Futurescape and Economic Times have worked on the CSR study of 2015 and has listed India’s top 100 companies for CSR in the year. The top 5 companies and the bottom top 4 companies of the list i.e. 95-99 companies will be considered. The financial data of those companies will be taken and ratios will be performed, so that we come to know whether CSR policy has benefited the companies financially or not.
Analysis of the effects of economic corporate social responsibility on financ...inventionjournals
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect economic corporate social responsibility on Financial performance. The study was guided by the following objectives: To analyze the effect of innovational CSR cost on financial performance, to examine the effect of social quality practices spending on financial performance ,to find out the effect of corporate entrepreneurship spending on financial performance and to examine the effect of financial literacy expenditure CSR on financial The study was guided by Stakeholders theory, Shareholder theory and Shareholder-Based Financial Performance theory. This study used quantitative research approaches. Quantitative research is generally associated. Collecting and converting data into numerical form so that statistical calculations can be made and conclusions drawn. This study will employ descriptive research design. The target population used was 100 and sampling procedure used was stratified. The study used primary (collected using questionnaires) and secondary data (trend analysis). To test the validity of the research instruments the questionnaires prepared and submitted to the supervisor and other research experts. In order to test the reliability of the instrument used in this study, the researcher used test retest method. Descriptive and inferential statistics method was used for data analysis and interpretation regression model was used to analyze the effect between variables. The study recommended that companies should ensure effective sustainability programs which include social responsibility, They should also ensure effective social programs are accomplished through cause-related marketing and corporate philanthropy, they should also create initiative which has beneficial relationship between the corporation and society, they should also should ensure corporate governance which is the framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors and embrace accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its stakeholders. For further research the study suggests that more studies should be done on economic social responsibility and corporate governance, economic social responsibility and financial literacy.
In 2016, the advent of Alibaba's "Buy+" shopping method brought the application scenario of
"Virtual reality(VR)+online shopping" to the world. The interactive 3D shopping environment generated by VR
technology can bring consumers an immersive online shopping experience.
Impact of Web Advertisement on Customers Perception - A Case of Banking Sectorscmsnoida5
Nowadays a lot of innovative services are
offered by the financial service providers to their
customers. The use of more innovation in the
financial sector is the resultant of the day by day
advancement in the technology. Also customer
of today is well aware of the latest technology
and they demand their providers to execute
the technology for business prospective. Target
of all financial service providers’ advertisers
is to reach maximum customers. For this they
utilize every promotional and advertisement
channel so as to reach and inform maximum
public about their products. The purpose of
present study is to determine impact of web
advertisement on customer perception in case of
banking sector. The data will be collected from
200 approx respondents who are aware of the
web advertisements. The collected data will be
put in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS). Afterwards the regression analysis and
correlation analysis will be applied in order to
determine the impact of the web advertisement
on the purchase intention of the customers in
regards to the banking and investment products.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: ...IOSR Journals
This paper explores how private commercial banks practices Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Bangladesh in conserved the case of Southeast Bank Ltd.. In keeping with global movement, CSR is being seen as the source of new competition edge for the banking sectors of Bangladesh. Banks’ of Bangladesh practices CSR to not only improve community relations but also as source of significant commercial benefit. Southeast Bank Ltd. practices CSR under the rules and regulation of Bangladesh Bank. The study based on annual report of 2012 of Southeast Bank Ltd. This study shows that Southeast Bank expenses BDT36.85 million in the year 2012 in the area of education, health, community development, environmental issue, art and culture, sports etc.. Nevertheless, bank expenses highest amount in education sector through scholarship program in Bangladesh whereby school, college and university education tuition and expenses have fully paid for unconditionally. The study can help banking manger’s understand what should be done for the benefits of customers and the community for sustainability.
Value Creation Through Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countrie...Waqas Tariq
Consumer support for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been in practice for some years now and firms are demanded to seriously take CSR initiatives. This project has been compiled out of a wealth of literature that addresses the need and importance of CSR and business ethics in the society in great depth. A case study of CSR at Proctor and Gamble Pakistan was carried out by employing both the qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques to gather information so as to bring the attributes of triangulation in this research. The research findings outlined various views and beliefs of the respondents with regards to CSR initiatives by Proctor and Gamble Pakistan. The CSR awareness and societal veracities are the factors that encourage consumers to think ethically and make decisions in terms of who to develop associations with. The research shows a reflection of deductive approach and the researcher understood the inbuilt pros and cons of dependence upon secondary sources of information. It was attempted to adopt a hybrid strategy in this project but it mainly took a positivist look because of the nature of the questionnaire survey based upon close-ended questions aiming for quantitative data. The trend for CSR initiatives in developing countries is now growing at a decent pace and the recent advancements in technology and media have resulted in grown awareness among consumer groups to exert pressures on multinational companies to be apparent in their statements as well as practices.
Predicting Corporate Failure - An Application of Discriminate Analysisscmsnoida5
Corporate failure is a serious problem being
confronted by the corporate world. This issue
has been a subject of intensive research and
discussion by economists, bankers, creditors,
equity shareholders, accountants, marketing
and management experts. The present study
aims at developing a model for prediction
of corporate failure on the basis of financial
ratios. The study is based on the data of
selected firms from chemical industry (with
equal number of failed and non failed firms).
The discriminant analysis has been used to
discriminate between failed and non failed
firms. It is concluded that some of the
financial ratios can significantly differentiate
between failed and non failed firms. The
finding will be useful for the banks and other
financial institutions in designing a suitable
credit appraisal and monitoring system for their
loans. This model could guide the policy makers
to prepare an early warning system to avoid
bankruptcy.
Sugarcane Company’s performance has remained to be one of the challenging facts in the growing companies in Kenya today. The delays in harvesting operations are attributed to uncoordinated and unpredictable harvesting and transport schedules; and inefficiencies in mill operations. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to determine the influence of Sustainability Management Systems CSR on firm performance of selected sugarcane companies in Kenya. The study is guided by Corporate Social Performance Theory. This study used ex- post facto research design. Ex- post facto research design determines and reports the way things are. The target population was 528 employees. This study therefore sampled 228 respondents. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 managers, 24 supervisors, 38 accountants and 156 clerks from the 7 sugarcane companies because they have specific information concerning the effects of corporate social responsibility practice on firm performance of selected sugarcane companies in Kenya. Pilot study was done in order to test for validity and reliability of the research tools. The pilot study was done in Trans-Mara Sugar Company found in rift Valley region of Kenya. For inferential statistics, correlation and multiple regression was used for comparative analysis between frequencies of corporate social responsibility practice on firm performance. The study findings indicated that sustainability management systems have an effect on firm performance. The government will use this study in establishing policies that would ensure improvement in firm performance of sugarcane processing firms among other firms in Kenya. The study recommends that the companies should encourage sustainability management systems since sustainable management systems is an important mechanism for improving corporate sustainability performance. It can generate business value through measurement and management of sustainability risks and opportunities. The study recommends further researchers to study on corporate social responsibility strategy and financial performance of firms in Kenya which the study didn’t cover.
Synergistic Effects of Social-Business on CSR ProgramsQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Controversy results of research on the relationship of CSR to the company's performance had resulted a positive and negative effect. It can decrease the motivation of companies in order to develop CSR optimally. This controversy can lead to the implementation of CSR forward facing many obstacles. The results of this literature review aims to provide a strong theoretical basis. Real social mission can provide a synergistic effect, the social mission run by the company through CSR programs is able to support or strengthen the business mission being held by the company or even increase profits. Based on the research of some empirical research, it shows that CSR is applied into a strategy which supports the company's main business activity and also can increase profits for the company. This finding is expected to strengthen the motivation of business practices to be more careful in designing CSR as an appropriate strategy in order to support of the company's main business activities as a synergistic effect socially and businesses.
The aim of this research is to develop a comprehensive model by measuring the influence of
culture, social, personal and psychology on consumer decisions in purchasing decisions for bancassurance.
This research applies a descriptive research design using survey methods. Sampling uses convinient sampling
as a sampling technique. This study uses the structural equation modeling approach - Lisrel to test the influence
of the significance of the overall model and predetermined pathway
This study aims to determine the effect of brand equity and service quality on the interests and
decisions of workers to become BPJS-Employment participants, and to assess the impact of interest on workers'
decisions. The population in this study is the Jakarta Cilandak BPJS Consumers, both B2B, and individual. It is
totaling 9,359 customers
Similar to mm bagali...... mba...... research......management......hrm......hrd............ Research paper.... PhD.... Research..... Papers.....Anuradha paper on csr..... paper 1
Report- Impact of CSR on financial performance of the companyBindu Priya Pasham
A team of dedicated professionals from IIM Udaipur, Futurescape and Economic Times have worked on the CSR study of 2015 and has listed India’s top 100 companies for CSR in the year. The top 5 companies and the bottom top 4 companies of the list i.e. 95-99 companies will be considered. The financial data of those companies will be taken and ratios will be performed, so that we come to know whether CSR policy has benefited the companies financially or not.
Analysis of the effects of economic corporate social responsibility on financ...inventionjournals
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect economic corporate social responsibility on Financial performance. The study was guided by the following objectives: To analyze the effect of innovational CSR cost on financial performance, to examine the effect of social quality practices spending on financial performance ,to find out the effect of corporate entrepreneurship spending on financial performance and to examine the effect of financial literacy expenditure CSR on financial The study was guided by Stakeholders theory, Shareholder theory and Shareholder-Based Financial Performance theory. This study used quantitative research approaches. Quantitative research is generally associated. Collecting and converting data into numerical form so that statistical calculations can be made and conclusions drawn. This study will employ descriptive research design. The target population used was 100 and sampling procedure used was stratified. The study used primary (collected using questionnaires) and secondary data (trend analysis). To test the validity of the research instruments the questionnaires prepared and submitted to the supervisor and other research experts. In order to test the reliability of the instrument used in this study, the researcher used test retest method. Descriptive and inferential statistics method was used for data analysis and interpretation regression model was used to analyze the effect between variables. The study recommended that companies should ensure effective sustainability programs which include social responsibility, They should also ensure effective social programs are accomplished through cause-related marketing and corporate philanthropy, they should also create initiative which has beneficial relationship between the corporation and society, they should also should ensure corporate governance which is the framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors and embrace accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its stakeholders. For further research the study suggests that more studies should be done on economic social responsibility and corporate governance, economic social responsibility and financial literacy.
Corporate Social Responsibility Model Based On “Tri Hita Karana” Cultureinventionjournals
This research was conducted with the background of the CSR activities that are usually done by the company including the BPR industry. So far, CSR has not been adjusted to the values of local wisdom. One of the values of local wisdom in Bali that can be adopted by companies is the cultural value THK. Therefore, this study has the objective to explain the model of CSR-based cultural values THK. This study used a qualitative approach using key informants are stakeholders of the BPR industry, consisting of: the director of BPR, BPR commissioner, banking analyst, cultural experts, and academics. The number of informants there are as many as 15 people. The results showed that the BPR in Bali has implemented CSR activities such as: providing funding punia to pretend, to invite employees to tirta yatra, took off in the days of Hinduism, planting trees, using conditioned taste, using office facilities friendly environment, provide a decent salary, give a reasonable interest rate, giving social assistance to orphanages / nursing, until there doing house renovation. The various CSR activities when combined with cultural concepts THK then be grouped into parahyanganbased CSR, CSR-based pawongan, and CSR-based palemahan. All this THK-based CSR activities have a positive impact for all stakeholders BPR industry in Bali, such as: maintenance of harmonious relations with the BPR employees, customers and the surrounding community, the preservation of the natural environment is good, and the increased performance of BPR.
Research Paper InstructionsYou will write a Research Paper on a .docxronak56
Research Paper Instructions
You will write a Research Paper on a topic relating to business ethics. Your paper must be 8–10 pages and double spaced, not including the title page, abstract, and references pages. You must include 8–10 scholarly references in addition to the course textbooks and the Bible. You must use your textbooks as sources; other acceptable sources are journal articles from peer-reviewed journals, theoretical texts, and the Bible. Citations must be in current APA format. As this is a Research Paper, it must be written in third person.
You will choose a topic and write a rationale for that topic. Final approval must be received from your instructor.
The Annotated Bibliography will not be part of the final Research Paper due in. The final Research Paper will have only the REGULAR references section AND in text citations WITH page numbers.
Research topic: The influence of business ethics on purchase intention: Do consumers really careabout a firm’s behavior?
Rationale: There has always been a lot of discussion about how firms should behave, and whetherthere should be repercussions for crossing certain lines in their professional conduct. This researchis aimed at discovering whether consumers really care about the actual behavior of firms, or justfor the products they give.
References:
Boulstridge, E., & Carrigan, M. (2000). Do consumers really care about corporate responsibility? Highlighting the attitude—behaviour gap. Journal of Communication Management, 4(4), 355-368. doi:10.1108/eb023532
This article investigates whether there is any truth in the assumption that clients are so interested in the behavior of the companies that they engage with that they adjust their purchasing behavior accordingly. It is a good pointer of the opinions held at an earlier age where there were questions cast on whether corporate reputation did any good towards a financial payoff for businesses. Through their reported findings from focus group research, Boulstridge and Carrigan will provide a back in the day analysis of the matter at hand, and this will be useful for making comparisons to much more current literature and opinions in my research.
Brunk, K. H., & Bluemelhuber, C. (2010). The impact of un/ethical corporate conduct on consumers' ethical perceptions - a multidimensional framework. Advances in Consumer Research, 37, 368-373. Retrieved from http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/v37/acr_v37_15198.pdf
Brunk and Bluemuelhuber look at how companies have grown, and how their influence is increasingly having a huge societal impact. As such, the two examine whether the abuse of these corporations’ positions, which has on occasion resulted in mass outrage, has had any effect on purchasing intention. This article helps my research in that it conceptualizes the various ways in which various business practices may actually lead to the formation of a negative consumer perception. It, therefore, provides insight into how understanding the format ...
Corporate Social Sustainability Practice and Financial Performance of Consume...ijtsrd
Background Sustainability practice deals with the measurement, analysis and communication of interactions and links between social, environmental and economic issues constituting the three dimensions of sustainabilityAim This study empirically investigated the relationship between corporate social sustainability practice and financial performance of listed consumer goods firms’ in Nigeria. The study is vital as it portrays the extent to which corporate social sustainability practice influences firms’ performance. In order to determine the relationship between corporate social sustainability practice CSSP and firms’ performance, corporate social sustainability disclosure index by GRI was used while firms’ performance on the other hand was represented by return on equity ROE . Materials and Methods Four hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation and the statistical test of parameter estimates was conducted using OLS regression model operated with STATA 15. Ex Post Facto design was adopted and data for the study were obtained from the Nigerian Stock Exchange Factbook and the published annual financial reports of the entire listed consumer goods firms on NSE with data spanning from 2016 2021. Results The finding generally indicates that human rights disclosure, labour practices and decent work disclosure, product responsibility disclosure and societal disclosure have significant influence on firms’ performance ROE at 1 5 significant level. Conclusion Based on the findings of the study, the study concludes that corporate social sustainability practice has positively improved firms performance over the years. Recommendation The study however suggests that firms should disclose more of this information in their annual reports in order to legitimize their operations by making public known about her commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development, working with employees, their families and the local communities as this disclosure is relevant for investors decision making. Obiora Fabian. | Onuora, J. K. J. | Egwuom Mary Jane. I "Corporate Social Sustainability Practice and Financial Performance of Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49501.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/49501/corporate-social-sustainability-practice-and-financial-performance-of-consumer-goods-firms-in-nigeria/obiora-fabian
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
CSR has a long history associated with it impacts on organizations behavior. CSR is originally considered an American and European concept. During the 1990s the idea of CSR became almost universally approved, also CSR was coupled with strategy literature and finally, in the 2000s.
In India as in the rest of the world there is a growing realization the capital markets and corporations are. After all, created by society and must therefore serve it, not merely profit from it. And those consumers and citizens campaigns can make all the difference.
For over 50 years, Hindalco has worked in the hinterlands of India to better the quality of life of the underprivileged sections of society. This study is undertaken to provide a systematic analysis of:
The objective of the study is to examined Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in quoted money deposit
Banks in Nigeria. The research design used for this study is historical research design. The design was used so as to
capture relevant information from annual financial statement of quoted companies. The population of the study
consists of Twenty one (21) deposit money banks in Nigeria and a sample of eight commercial banks was randomly
selected using convenient sampling technique. Data were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. The
findings of this research indicate an existence of negative relationship between firm complexity and environmental
disclosed in the Nigerian banking sector. It also indicates the existence of positive relationship between earnings and
CSR disclosure in the Nigerian banking sector and that bank size was negatively related to the extent of corporate
social responsibility disclosure by Nigerian banks. The implication of these findings is that as bank increase its
activities they should also be concern with the well-being of the environment which they operate. Finally, the study
recommends that banks should focus on activities that will synchronize its corporate goals with the sustainability of
the environment
Similar to mm bagali...... mba...... research......management......hrm......hrd............ Research paper.... PhD.... Research..... Papers.....Anuradha paper on csr..... paper 1 (20)
MM Bagali ....IPL ..... miss you this time; come soon ..... IPL ..... miss you this time; come soon ..... IPL ..... miss you this time; come soon ..... MM Bagali ....IPL ..... miss you this time; come soon .....
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
mm bagali...... mba...... research......management......hrm......hrd............ Research paper.... PhD.... Research..... Papers.....Anuradha paper on csr..... paper 1
1. Research Paper
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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY & PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR OF CUSTOMERS AND
SHAREHOLDERS: A STUDY ON INDIAN PRIVATE MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES.
Mrs. Buddha Anuradha* Dr. M.M. Bagali**
*Research Scholar, Management Science, JAIN University, Bengaluru.
**Professor in HR & Research Guide, Head, Research in Management, JAIN University, Bengaluru.
Abstract
Consumers definitely look for quality & safety. What do safe products mean? For an aware consumer, product
quality & safety means, a product that not only satisfies his needs but also protects environment & society at
large .With the growing awareness through print & electronic media about the product safety, consumers would
also like to know what they want to buy is manufactured considering social causes & environmental sustainability
.In the globalized world, corporate social responsibility (CSR) represents a high profile notion that gives an edge
to the company. This paper puts forward the relationship between CSR & purchase behaviour of customer. This
study investigates the perspective about CSR of not only the employees but also consumers. Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) is often defined as corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, social enterprise,
sustainable development, triple-bottom line, corporate ethics, and in some cases, corporate governance. What
binds these terms together is the expectation that corporates (private and public enterprises alike) behave
ethically vis-à-vis a broad group of stakeholders - workers and their families, communities and the wider society.
The outcome of the study confirms that that firms with notable CSR activities & effective communication of CSR
activities positively influence customer loyalty & purchase behaviour. Further it observes that the relationship
between CSR activities & Purchase behaviour of shareholders is insignificant.
Key words: Corporate Social Responsibility& Customer Loyalty.
Introduction
Corporate Social Responsibility is basically whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to a better
society and a cleaner environment.Over last years an increasing number of companies worldwide started
promoting their Corporate Social Responsibility strategies because the customers, the public and the investors
expect them to act sustainable as well as responsible. In most cases CSR is a result of a variety of social,
environmental and economic pressures.
Social service has always been an inherent part of Indian culture and tradition. There are several selfless workers
who are working tirelessly and making a considerable impact to many livelihoods. Over one million Non-
Government Organizations (NGOs) operate in India and address a variety of social concerns such as water
harvesting, micro credit, environmental concerns, education, sanitation and other such fundamental issues that
have made the NGOs an indispensable element in the social change process.
The need of the hour however is to make the Indian business houses realize their duty towards giving back to the
society. There is a general opinion that business community in India is selfish and far more concerned in
improving their profits and maximizing shareholders' profitability. If they respond to charity, it is through their
own family trusts. The KMPG Indian Corporate Survey 2011 points to 16% of the top-listed firms which have a
CSR policy as compared to 73% of their global counterparts.
The gap seems to lie in the understanding and appreciation of the importance of CSR in the overall scheme of
things. CSR will receive a comprehensive boost if corporates understand that an effective and sustainable CSR
will not only help their companies gain a competitive edge in the near future but also will become critical to their
existence.
The accrual of business benefits of CSR in terms of increased sales and customer loyalty has given birth to new
concept called cause branding “or Cause related Marketing”.Companies in India are yet to imbibe these strategies
in their DNA.
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However, Project Shakti of HUL, Choupal Venture of ITC, Train the Trainer of Wipro, General and sexual health
services to Truckers by Apollo tyres and Phone call in the cost of Post Card by Dhirubhi Ambani are some of the
CSR activities that became best Business Strategies & practices per se.
DEFINITIONS OF THE CONCEPT
Carol (1993) brought forward definitions of CSR coined by various researchers. Time and again researchers,
international organisations and institutions have put forth their opinion about the concept of CSR. Few important
definition of CSR is mentioned below:
According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, CSR includes commitment and activities
pertaining to:-
• Corporate governance and ethics
• Health and safety
• Environmental stewardship
• Human right (including core labour rights)
• Human resource management
• Community involvement, development and investment
• Involvement of and respect for aboriginal people
• Corporate philanthropy and employee volunteering
• Customer satisfaction and adherence to principles of fair competitions
• Anti bribery and anti corruption measures
• Accountability, transparency and performance reporting
• Supplier relations for both domestic and international supply chains
According to Hopkins (2003) CSR is concerned with treating the stakeholders of the firm ethically & in a social
responsible manner. The wider aim of social responsibility is to create higher and higher standards of living, while
preserving the profitability of the corporation.
United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) defines CSR as below:
CSR is a management concept whereby companies integrate social & environmental concerns in their business
operations and interactions with their stakeholders. CSR is generally understood as being the way through which a
company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and social imperatives (Triple- Bottom-Line- Approach)
while at the same time addressing the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders. 1
LITERATURE REVIEW
Luo et al (2006) mention from other research in this area that a strong record of CSR creates a favourable context
that positively boosts consumer’s evaluation of & attitude towards the firm. Especially recent works on customer
– company identification suggest that CSR initiatives constitute a key element of corporate identity that can
induce customer to identify with the company.
Agrawal( 2013) observed that health attributes generate higher commitment among consumers. So we ignore that
adding organic & health attributes to ethical products could increase market success. The result of this study also
suggests that consumers are influenced by ethical issues & their level of influence varies depending on the type of
product & the issue in question. Consumers are willing to pay a higher price for a particular ethical attribute but
this WTP (willingness to pay) varies between products & the issue in question. This difference in willingness to
pay is influenced by the consumer’s perception & valuation about the different characteristics of the goal.
Kumar et al (2011) reveal that customer satisfaction is most significant predictor of Banking service quality.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) positively influences customer satisfaction toward banking service quality.
source: www.taxmann.com/emailer/images/pdf/section%20135%20-%20full.pdf
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Gigauri (2012) emphasize that every big company has CSR strategy to meet the requirement of customers & the
society as a whole. Consumers are demanding that companies implement social responsibility regardless of their
size, shape & origin. The research findings suggest that for consumers both for men & women, the most important
factor when buying products is quality & then price followed by company origin & finally social responsibility of
a company. Gigauri further opines that, if companies operating in Georgia develop, implement & communicate
CSR, can influence on consumers purchase decision positively & gain customer loyalty.
Results of study conducted by Naqvi et al(2013) show that majority of consumers give preference to Unilever
due to high quality products & its Corporate Social Responsibility. Company can use CSR as a tool to implement
long term strategy & can help improve its relationship with community as well as economic performance. Using
correlation analysis Naqvi et al concluded that the correlation between CSR & brand satisfaction, brand loyalty &
brand awareness is significant. This shows that corporate social responsibility is positively related to dimensions
of brand image.
Thai condominium developers can be more responsible for their environmental impacts through their CSR
programs that increase consumers trust and encourage customer demand. In their study they bring forward the
concepts of affects based trust, cognition based trust and disposition based trust and its relationship with CSR.
Further, in this study Pornpratang et.al(2013) established relationship between local community, environmental
sustainability, trust of consumer and purchase intention.
Mishra et.al (2014) have conducted a very interesting study on ITC notebooks to understand the consumer
psychology or Consumer Social Responsibility (as they call it) for cause related brand. In this study Mishra et.al,
developed a conceptual framework showing the impact of CSR, Firm’s donation and attitude towards cause
related marketing that eventually develops Brand loyalty. The first question in this study was to understand the
effect of Consumer Social Responsibility. In answering this question, regression test was conducted, and the
results indicate that customers who had high concern for CSR orientation, were highly impacted the Brand Social
Responsibility image inclination and attitude toward advertisement factor, which gave an indication that, when
customer gave preference to companies product, who were involved in CSR activities, they were ready to give
reward to those companies by buying their product and checkout their advertisements very interestingly.
Hypotheses were developed by Abdusalam (2013) to test the relationship between CSR initiatives and societal
benefit, using Chi-square method. The findings suggest that the practice of CSR enhances consumer loyalty and
patronage towards a particular firm and also by investing in CSR, a firm could achieve a positive outcome in
terms of its financial performance. Analysis of data collected indicated that generally, Corporate Social
Responsibility is of great importance in the following areas- Consumer Patronage, Society, Consumer
Satisfaction, retaining and building loyal consumers, bringing the competitive edge relative to competitors,
increase in market share, increase in sales revenue and increase in sales volume.
Okewemba et.al (2014) have taken government policy as an intervening variable and found that there was a
significant positive relationship between bank performance based on customer retention and philanthropic
responsibilities, Environmental responsibilities and ethical responsibilities of the banks.
Khan (2014) predicted in the Hypothesis that CSR initiatives will create significant positive impact on the
attitude and behaviour of banking customer. This study found that, the independent variables i.e. customer centric
initiatives, Environmental initiatives and Philanthropic initiatives impact positively on customer’s attitude and
behaviour. The impact measured is quite significant at 0.01 level calculated using progression analyses.
Ali et al, 2010 found no relationship between awareness of corporate social responsibility activities and consumer
purchase intention, in cellular industry of Pakistan
OBJECTIVES
• To understand the CSR Practices in India
• To investigate the consumers’ perceptions about CSR & its impact on buying behaviour
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• To understand provisions of companies Act, 2013, related to CSR
CSR IN INDIA: PRESENT SCENARIO
Government of India passed companies act 2013. This act has brought a new revolution in the concept and
implementation of CSR. As per company’s act 2013, passed by Parliament in August, 2013, profitable companies
must spend every year at least 2 percent of their net profit. This mandatory CSR spend rule will apply from fiscal
year 2014-15 onwards.
Those companies that have a turnover of Rs. 1000 crore or more or net worth of Rs. 500 cr. or more or net profit
of Rs. 5 cr. or more will have to comply.2
Though a new law has stipulated the portion of profits that companies must spend on corporate social
Responsibility (CSR) every year, the direction to choose the specific activities and cause to be funded will rest
with corporate boards, Union Minister of Corporate affairs Sachin Pilot said in New Delhi. 3
The act in its current form adopts the principle of ‘Comply or Explain’ requiring companies to report on its CSR
spending and explain the shortfalls, if any. 4
With the implementation of the new company law from April 1,2014, India has become the only country in the
World with legislated CSR and a spending threshold of up to $ 2.5 billion.
METHODOLOGY
A) Selection of organisation
Eight Indian private Multinational companies are selected on the basis of top 50 Indian
companies in Forbes Global lists of various years between 2003-2013.
These companies are also selected on the basis of top 100 companies ranked by CSR identity.com
together with Forbes India.
B) Sampling population
As many as 246 samples were included as part of data for the study. These samples were
collected from middle management executives of these companies.
C) Data collection
An exhaustive questionnaire was prepared and data was collected with regard to purchase
behaviour of customer and shareholder.
D) Stages of Data collection
Figure 1: Stages of Data Collection
Hypothesis
• CSR will help improve Reputation of the firm.
2 The Hindu, Nov 6, 2013. www.thehindu.com/business/industyr/governemnt-clarifies-on-csr-spending/article5320157.ece
3 Source:www.wiprosustainabilityreport.com/wipros-position-csr-bill
4 Source: business standard, april 3, 2014. www.business-standard.com/article/companies/india-now-only-country-with-
legislated-csr-114040330862-1.html
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• CSR helps improving behaviour of the customer & eventually improves sales performance of the
company.
• A positive relationship exists between CSR activities & customer loyalty.
• There is no relationship between CSR activities of the Firm & share purchase behaviour.
The hypothesis is constructed on the basis of literature review and the pilot study. The conceptual framework (Fig
2) explains the construction of hypothesis.
Effective communication of CSR is mediating variable. The dotted line represents weak relationship between
CSR and Share purchase behaviour.
Conceptual Framework
H1
H2
H3
H4
Figure-2: Impact of CSR on Customer Loyalty and Share purchase behaviour
Theoretical Framework:
Figure- 3: Relationship between CSR activities, CSR Orientation &Customer Loyalty
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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This framework explains how CSR activities influence customer loyalty & purchase behaviour when interfering
variables like consumer personal values & product quality & safety is taken into consideration.CSR orientation is
a mediating variable.
CSR orientation, directly or indirectly changes purchase behaviour. With the growing enthusiasm of the youth of
India in contributing for the nation’s growth, cause promotion & cause related marketing have become strategy to
change customer behaviour.
Many times, there are offers in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) market, claiming that a small amount,
say 0.25 paisa or 0.50 paisa per pack sold, will go to philanthropy.
After unexpected floods in Mumbai in July 2005, when the prevention of outbreak of diseases like diarrhoea was
a major challenge, Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) donated more than 1.50 lakh cakes of Lifebuoy soap
through United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and other NGOs with a message
highlighting the importance of washing hands with soap and clean water as a simple means of preventing
diseases. The goodwill and brand image that HUL earned with this small donation would be much more than that
earned by the insertion of a 20-second advertisement slot in the live telecast of a cricket match on television or
during prime-time serials on a cable network.5
Surveys conducted by Cone/Roper, have provided strong evidence that companies can benefit significantly from
connecting themselves to a cause, as illustrated in the following (now often quoted) findings from their
benchmark survey of consumers in 1993/1994
• “Seventy-eight percent of adults said they would be more likely to buy a product associated with a cause
they cared about.”
• “Sixty-six percent said they would switch brands to support a cause they cared about.”
• “Sixty-four percent believe that cause-related marketing should be a standard part of a company’s
activities”.6
•
Apart from numerous examples & cases taken from Literature review to formulate theoretical framework, an
informal interview was conducted to understand consumers’ perception about CSR (Figure 4, 5, 6 & 7).
The framework also explains the relationship between CPM, CP, ATA & CSR. Further, product quality & safety
& consumer personal values are taken as interfering variables .During discussion with respondents (consumers) ,
it was observed that when consumers personal values & their perception about CSR activities in combination
brings forth strong customer loyalty.
The informal interviews were conducted & the profile of respondents is as below:
• Number of respondents 500
• Age of respondents 25 Yrs – 35 Yrs
• Qualification – Graduates & Post Graduates
• Annual Income – Rs.3 Lakhs – Rs 5 Lakhs
This data was collected, analysed & interpreted to substantiate the hypothesis constructed.
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Figure 4 : Customers perception about CP & CRM as CSR
Figure 5 : Relationship between Buying behaviour & CP
Figure 6 : Buying behaviour & CSR
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Figure7 : Consumers preference of Product Quality,Price,Brand &CSR
More than 50 % respondents mentioned that when the quality & price is same , they would prefer a product ,
which is manufactured by a company that implements CSR activities.
Results: As mentioned before, hypothesis was constructed on the basis of data collected by administering
questionnaire from middle management executives of Eight Indian Multi-National companies. The data collected
from executives is analysed below:
Table 1 :Our firm is a socially responsible firm
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid Strongly Disagree 4 1.6 1.6 1.6
Disagree 10 4.1 4.1 5.7
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
12 4.9 4.9 10.6
Agree 140 56.9 56.9 67.5
Strongly Agree 80 32.5 32.5 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
Table 2 : Our Company communicates CSR activities to customers through electronic,
print and Social media
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 8 3.3 3.3 3.3
Disagree 2 .8 .8 4.1
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Neither Agree nor
Disagree
18 7.3 7.3 11.4
Agree 110 44.7 44.7 56.1
Strongly Agree 108 43.9 43.9 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
Table 3 : My firm’s reputation is enhanced because it pays significant attention to their
social responsibilities
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 4 1.6 1.6 1.6
Disagree 16 6.5 6.5 8.1
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
56 22.8 22.8 30.9
Agree 96 39.0 39.0 69.9
Strongly Agree 74 30.1 30.1 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
Table 4 : My firm’s reputation is enhanced because it pays significant attention to their
environmental
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 4 1.6 1.6 1.6
Disagree 16 6.5 6.5 8.1
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
44 17.9 17.9 26.0
Agree 126 51.2 51.2 77.2
Strongly Agree 56 22.8 22.8 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
Table 5 : CSR activities change behaviour of the customer and eventually improve
sales performance of the company
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 11 4.5 4.5 4.5
Disagree 21 8.5 8.5 13.0
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
40 16.3 16.3 29.3
Agree 104 42.3 42.3 71.5
Strongly Agree 70 28.5 28.5 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
Table 6 : CSR will enhance customer loyalty
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 19 7.7 7.7 7.7
Disagree 42 17.1 17.1 24.8
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
61 24.8 24.8 49.6
Agree 92 37.4 37.4 87.0
Strongly Agree 32 13.0 13.0 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
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Table 7 : The impact of CSR on shareholders is high
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 53 21.5 21.5 21.5
Disagree 65 26.4 26.4 48.0
Neither Agree nor
Disagree
30 12.2 12.2 60.2
Agree 52 21.1 21.1 81.3
Strongly Agree 46 18.7 18.7 100.0
Total 246 100.0 100.0
ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
• The Data collected has been primarily tabulated & Master table was prepared
• Sample was tested for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha
• Percentage analysis is the basic tool for analysis
• Regression analysis a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables is used.
Regression Analysis
Model Summary -1.1
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .841a
.708 .707 .522
a. Predictors: (Constant), Our firm is a socially responsible firm
Dependent Variable(X): My firm’s reputation is enhanced because it pays significant attention to their social
responsibilities.
Independent Variable(Y): Our firm is a socially responsible firm In Model Summary 1 – 0.708 means that
70% of the variation of y-values around the mean is explained by the x-values. In other words, 70% of the values
fit the model.
H0 – There exists no relationship between CSR activities & reputation of firm
H1.1 – CSR will help improve the reputation of firm Alternate Hypothesis is accepted.
Model Summary – 1.
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of
the Estimate
1 .810a
.657 .655 .525
Dependent Variable(X): My firm’s reputation is enhanced because it pays significant attention to their
environment.
Independent Variable(Y): Our firm is a socially responsible firm
In Model Summary 1.2 – 0.657 means that 65% of the variation of y-values around the mean is explained by the
x-values. In other words, 65% of the values fit the model.
H0 – There exists no relationship between CSR activities & reputation of firm.
H1.2 – CSR will help improve the reputation of firm.
Alternate Hypothesis is accepted.
Model Summary – 2.1
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .760a
.577 .575 .738
a. Predictors: (Constant), Our firm is a socially responsible firm
a. Predictors: (Constant), Our firm is a socially responsible firm
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Dependent Variable(X): CSR will enhance customer loyalty.
Independent Variable(Y): Our firm is a socially responsible firm.
In Model Summary 2.1 – 0.577 means that 57% of the variation of y-values around the mean is explained by the
x-values. In other words, 57% of the values fit the model. The relationship between CSR activities & customer
loyalty is significant.
H0 – There exists no relationship exists between CSR activities & customer loyalty.
H3 – A positive relationship exists between CSR activities & customer loyalty.
Alternate Hypothesis is accepted.
Model Summary – 2.2
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .839a
.704 .703 .588
a. Predictors: (Constant), Our firm is a socially responsible firm
Dependent Variable(X): CSR activities change behaviour of the customer and eventually improve sales
performance of the company
Independent Variable(Y): Our firm is a socially responsible firm
In Model Summary 2.2 – .704 means that 70% of the variation of y-values around the mean is explained by the
x-values. In other words, 70% of the values fit the model. There is a positive influence of CSR activities on the
purchase behaviour of customers.
H0 – There exists no relationship exists between CSR activities & customer loyalty
H3 – A positive relationship exists between CSR activities & customer loyalty
Alternate Hypothesis is accepted.
Model Summary – 3
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .722a
.521 .519 1.001
a. Predictors: (Constant), Our firm is a socially responsible firm
Dependent Variable(X): The impact of CSR on shareholders is high
Independent Variable(Y): Our firm is a socially responsible firm
In Model Summary 3 – 0.522 means that 52% of the variation of y-values around the mean is explained by the x-
values. In other words, 52% of the values fit the model.
H0 – There is no relationship between CSR activities of firm & share purchase behaviour.
H3 – CSR will help improve Reputation of the firm.
Null Hypothesis is accepted.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
• When the Research work started CSR in India was voluntary and respondents were very open minded
in answering questions during pilot study’s became mandatory in 2013 & respondents were hesitant
to fill the questionnaire, thus the sample size is only 246 respondents. Much more elaborate study is
required.
• There may be some positive & negative biases of the respondent.
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CONCLUSION
With the growing concern about social and environmental causes, educated consumers are looking at cause
promotion and cause related marketing as CSR activities. This study confirms that the impact of CSR on
customers buying behaviour is significant. Further, this study finds that the relationship between CSR and share
purchase behaviour is insignificant.
CSR activities play major role in building reputation of the firm and customer loyalty. CSR orientation and
consumers personal values are mediating variables, though. It is interesting to note that few CSR activities also
contribute to product quality and safety.
Action Plan- The Benchmark
The conceptual framework (fig. 2) and the theoretical framework (fig. 3) suggested by author will help
multinational companies in planning and executing its CSR activities.
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Social Responsibility (CSR) on Consumer Trust and purchase intention. A case study of condominium
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3. Babatunde, Kamaldin Abdul Salm, 2013. Corporate Social Responsibility effect on consumer patronage-
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4. Emily Mokeira Okewemba, MWalate Solomon Chitiavi, Robert Egessa, Musiega Douglas 2014. Effect
on Corporate Social Responsibility on organisation performance: Banking Industry Kenya. International
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Issue 11, April 2014, pp.37-51
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