Misogyny in Hugh Maclennan's Barometer Rising

Misogyny In Barometer Rising By Hugh Maclennan
The historical fiction novel of Barometer rising by Hugh MacLennan is a book that takes place in Halifax, Nova Scotia in the early 20th century during
the time of the first world war. Consequently, many of the actions taken place within the novel and the atmosphere of the novel match both this time
period and the location in which the novel takes place. This 20th century atmosphere becomes exceptionally apparent through the misogyny and
hardships the female protagonist Penny Wain faces.
Penny Wain is described as a 29 year old attractive and highly intelligent women. However, due to both of these traits Penny faces misogyny from the
very first scene she is introduced in. During this scene Penny is at work when she is faced with a dissatisfied ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In chapter of the book Penny is at a family dinner in which the intention is to praise the approval of her ship design that is to be used by the British
admiralty. However, during this dinner, that was supposed to be celebrating Penny success, a debate arose about Pennys ship design. In this debate
her uncle Alfred argued that due to ship engineering being a job that is predominantly male orientated Pennys design could not possibly be of a
good quality. Following these remarks Penny would then try to calm the situation by saying "If it makes anyone feel any better, I don't deserve any
credit, the whole idea was Neils." This shows Pennys reluctance to accept credit for her extraordinary work and rather give credit to a man in order
to abide within the misogynistic societal expectations of the time. These expectations being that men were supposed to be the intellectuals while
women could not possibly be successful in a white collared environment due to their lack of intellect. With this in mind, the prejudice that Penny
faces in this scene is highlighted from comments made by the narrator in an earlier chapter of the book. These comments were "To be a woman at a
predominantly masculine job she had to be more than good. she had to be better than her male colleagues; she had to work longer hours and be doubly
careful as
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Hermon Kelley
Hermon Kelley bought the 3 acre island on Blackstone Lake that would bear his name on January 3rd and 11th of 1900. The name was not unique
for there is a Kelley Is., Ohio in Lake Erie, 13 km south of Pelee Is. Ontario, named after Hermon's family and was the place Hermon was born. The
American island was named Kelley Is in 1840 after two of Hermon's ancestors, grandfather Datus and Irad, purchased it and made a success in
quarrying, logging and winemaking.
Hermon, a prominent Admiralty Lawyer in Cleveland involved on many boards and varied positions of significant companies, an amateur historian,
autograph collector, the family genealogist and the second 'summer tourist' on Blackstone Lake also wrote books (like the first temporary resident on
the lake) including 'Individualism In America' in 1907. Other writings were mainly on the history of his island from the natives to his family and also
of its geology. A... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The name became official on the date of purchase.
Having, in addition to his many talents and interests, architecture was another hobby, and so he set about the happy task of designing his own log
summer place. Although Hermon decided all the details for his log cabin on Blackstone, he wanted Frank B. Mead to verify the structure. Frank B.
Mead being a leading architect for homes in Cleveland, especially the elite mansions on Euclid Avenue were Mead himself lived. With Mead's
approval in hand, Kelley has his island cabin, a modest 20 x 18 feet in size, built facing west to view the beautiful sunsets by the summer of 1900.
For over 10 years the Kelley's vacationed on their island kids and all. As is normal, the Kelleys had guests from time to time. One early guest was
fellow Clevelander Walter Root, a dry goods dealer and husband of Susan, Florence's younger

The Causes of the American Revolution Essay
The American Revolution was sparked by a myriad of causes. These causes in themselves could not have sparked such a massive rebellion in the
nation, but as the problems of the colonies cumulated, their collective impact spilt over and the American Revolution ensued. Many say that this war
could have been easily avoided and was poorly handled by both sides, British and American; but as one will see, the frame of thought of the colonists
was poorly suited to accept British measures which sought to "overstep" it's power in the Americas. Because of this mindset, colonists developed a
deep resentment of British rule and policies; and as events culminated, there was no means to avoid revolution and no way to turn back.
There are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The British military also played a role in starting the revolution. As Britain began to call more and more troops into the colonies, especially after the
seven years war, many of the citizens began to doubt their purpose. The British justified stationing troops by saying that it was to cut expenditures. Yes
it did cut expenditures, but to the dismay of the colonists, the burden of housing soldiers, due to the Quartering act of 1765, was laid upon them. This
caused great dissent, for as the population of Boston was only approximately 18,000, the troops made up more than one fifth of the population. But
cutting spending wasn't the only objective in bring in troops. Parliament also wanted to use the troops in order to enforce the British legislature's rules
and ordinances. The troops served as intimidation to keep the colonists in check. But as Americans became more rebellious, England funneled in more
troops. In 1774, the British responded to the Boston tea party by establishing the Coercive Acts. These acts in addition to closing Boston harbor and
subjecting everyone to admiralty courts also shipped in 3000 soldiers and put the state of Massachusetts under martial law. Thus, in towns, there
developed great tension between the people and the British troops, an uneasiness that would reside and alienate the colonists from the empire.
More importantly, the colonist resented

Why Did John Quelch Controversy?
The main question surrounding the John Quelch controversy was whether he and his crew committed an act of piracy or privateering during their
voyage across the Atlantic. Historian Mark Peterson specifies that while Quelch was leading a crew of privateers, they had attacked Portuguese
merchant ships at some point after Britain had signed a peace treaty with Portugal, thereby making these attacks count as acting against the King's will
(John Quelch video). Consequently, Quelch and his comrades were executed for committing such a treasonous act, but based on the evidence (or
rather, lack of evidence) relating to their crimes, that punishment might have been too harsh for this particular group of merchants. To elaborate, it is
entirely possible

What Was Winston Churchill's Role In Ww2
Planes overhead bombing, the rat–tat–tat of AA guns, and the screams of those not prepared, what would you do know you could give up and live
save yourself or stay and fight. The last beacon of hope for a free Europe or the free world the last strong point would you deal with saving it.
Winston Churchill stayed and never backed down from the Nazi with there night time bombing raids, inspiring the people during the day to save the
isles. A man who lived through and commanded the armies during the first and secondwar. A man ready to give up an empire that rained number one
for decades to protect the rights of a free Polish people. Those reason are why I would love to have meet Winston Churchill.
Churchill is most commonly known for his role as prime minister in World War II he also played a part during World War I. He is thought to have
been unbeatable never making mistakes, but like any other person he did. At the outbreak of World War I Churchill served as First Lord Admiralty
and lead the Navy. His greatest mistakes he made where is orchastion of the Dardanelles naval campaign and the landing at Gallipoli. At Gallipoli
alone 115,000 men were killed on the British side. Churchill's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trying to keep the world at peace he signed a document with Hitler saying he would let The Nazis take Czechoslovakia. The peace did not last
against the Nazi war machine, and war broke out and the Nazis rolled through Europe. Then the bombings of London started, and Hitler tried to break
the will of the British with the bombs. But he couldn't with the strength of Winston Churchill at the helm, he didn't let the people give up or completely
change their life. Winston inspired the people and the night time raids became normal. 32,000 people died and 87,000 people seriously

1764: The Molasse Act
In 1764 the Sugar Act, also known as the American Revenue Act, was passed. The Sugar Act came into play during an economic depression and
hurt a lot of people, mainly New England. The act was passed by the British Parliament of Great Britain to raise revenue to pay for the presence of
British Redcoats in the Colonies. The Sugar Act not only included obvious sugar products but also things such as lumbar, hides, skins, iron, coffee,
pimiento, and other exports from the West Indies. The Sugar Act is a lighter tax than previous Molasses act but acts as a greater enforcement. This tax
was applied to any products with sugar as a main component. From non– British isles along the same lines as the Molasses Act, the Sugar Act was a
new tax on

Dead Wake Quotes
Accelerated English II Quote Analysis In the historical novel, Dead Wake by Erik Larson, the author composes and reveals the lesser known story of
the Lusitania, a passenger liner that was traveling to England. However, despite the great pride in the Lusitania's greatness, she was sunk by a German
U–boat, the U–20, on May 7th, 1915. There are many reasons that people believe that the Lusitania was sunk, but Larson seemed to most prominently
claim that the Lusitania was intentionally sunk in order to drag America into World War I. These quotes are examples of his claim in the book:
"Indeed, these are the great lingering questions of the Lusitania affair: Why, given all the information possessed by the Admiralty about U–20; given
the Admiralty's past willingness to provide escorts to inbound ships or divert them away from trouble; given that the ship carried a vital cargo of rifle
ammunition and artillery shells; given that Room 40's intelligence prompted the obsessive tracking and protection of the HMS Orion; given that U–20
had sunk three vessels in the Lusitania's path; given Cunard chairman Booth's panicked Friday morning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When analyzing the syntax and diction used in this specific quote, it is obvious that Larson appears to be very suspicious of the behavior and
actions of Room 40. Larson does this by adding slights hints of sarcasm by the placement of his chosen words to add extra impact and differing
meanings to many words. He also proves his claim by showing how Room 40 was very aware of the situation at hand and the possible outcome of
the Lusitania's lone voyage of the, at the time, dangerous British sea's. Larson explicitly knows that the Admiralty was very cautious when in regard
to boat's such as the HMS Orion, and knew that the Admiralty was aware of the three previous boat sinkings before the Lusitania. Larson also
questions Room 40 on why no escort was provided for the Lusitania on it's

Journey's End Essay
The sound of guns firing, screaming men, bombs going off and the casual side conversations in the audience is how Journey's End went. On October
8th I went to go watch the last show run of the play Journey's End directed by Gordon Reinhart and written by R.C. Sherriff at the Danny Peterson
theatre. In Journey's End, there are eleven characters: Captain Hardy, Stanhope, Lieutenant Osborne, Private Mason, Lance corporal "Bert" Broughton,
2nd Lieutenant Raleigh, Trotter, Hibbert, Company Sergeant–Major, the colonel and a German soldier. As I walked into the Morrison center bought
my ticket from the box office, I went straight to the back and headed towards the doors of the Danny Peterson theatre. Once I arrived at the doors I
noticed the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Osborne says to Hardy, "He's one of the best company commanders we've got." As captain Hardy leaves a new soldier arrives whose name is
Raleigh. Osborne greets Raleigh then proceeds to tell about the rest of the crew he'll be working with these next few days. As Osborne is listing off
all the members he gets to mention captain Stanhope, Raleigh says, "I know its frightful good luck". At this point, I'm caught wondering why would
Raleigh say that. Raleigh then goes on to tell Osborne that he knows Dennis (Stanhope) from back home and that he actually requested to be in the
same company as Stanhope. Stanhope then finds out that Raleigh is in his company and isn't too pleased that he is. Stanhope goes on to tell Osborne
that he thinks Raleigh is there just to spy on him and report back to his sister. Throughout the play, I start to feel bad for Raleigh just because of the way
Stanhope treats him. Then again Stanhope isn't one of the nicest guys.
It is now Tuesday morning; Trotter is in heaven with the smells of beacon that Mason has cooked for them for breakfast. Trotter brings up how he
enjoys the springtime, throughout the play most of the time he's having a conversation of varies things...mainly because he doesn't really like to talk
about the war. I thought it was kind of sad. Captain Stanhope lets his men know that the wire around the trenches needs to be fixed he

Patrick Henry's Contribution Of Taxes To The American...
Following its war with France, Britain decided that to generate income to pay off its war debt, it would levy taxes on the American Colonies. To raise
revenue for the crown many taxes were imposed on the American colonies. The Sugar, Stamp, and the Townshend Acts, were imposed on the colonies
in 1763. These taxes or Tariffs would contribute greatly to theAmerican Revolution.
With the passage of the Sugar Act in 1764, sugar was taxed by the pound. The sole purpose of this tax was to generate income for the British treasury.
They also instituted a court used to prosecute colonists who were caught trying to smuggle sugar or bribe an official, the Vice–Admiralty Courts.
Merchants suspected of smuggling were considered guilty and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was referred to as the Stamp Act. As with the Sugar Act the Vice Admiralty Courts were the enforcement body of the Stamp Act. In response to the
new taxes and the vice admiralty court many Americans joined radical groups to act out against these taxes. Patrick Henry in 1765 convinced the
House of Burgess in Virginia to write several resolutions which were strongly worded criticisms of the taxes and enforcement thereof.
Prior to 1750, the British policy regarding North America was one of almost complete self rule. The colonist virtually regulated their daily lives. The
colonies had been settled merely for gain of the mother terrain itself. The House of Burgesses was established by the colonies as a means to govern
themselves. Receiving very little financial support from the mother country the colonies had established and grew their own economy. This
indifference of Britain also allowed the colonies to enjoy a freedom of religion, not enjoyed by those still in Britain or other realms of the

The Cure For Scurvy
Another scientific discovery that the media of the times misinterpreted was the cure for scurvy. James Lind first published his cure for scurvy in
1753; yet, It wasn't until 1795, 42 years later, that the British Admiralty accepted Lind's recommendation. From the Journal of the History of
Medicine and Allied Sciences, William McBride depicts in his article "'Normal' Medical Science and British Treatment of the Sea Scurvy" the grave
loss the British Royal Navy suffered. Because of that denial of Lind's theory, the British suffered "serious consequence[s] of scurvy typified by the
experience of the British Royal Navy during the war–torn eighteenth century, in which scurvy killed more British navy seamen than enemy action"
(McBride 159). McBride

The Island William Clarke Analysis
Prologue:
On the 20th of September, 1783, a family set out to sea. They were leaving their home in the new USA, to return to what they considered their mother
country, Great Britain. Throughout the ship's first week out to sea, the sea was calm, with a good wind. However this soon changed. Thefamily's second
out of four sons turned twelve on the 27th, exactly one week after they put to sea. On that day, the weather took a turn for the worse. The boy was the
first of passengers to notice the change – when he went up on deck, he noticed that something didn't feel right. He felt like there was some sort of
change in pressure. He rushed back to his parents to tell them what he had noticed. They didn't know what to say, and didn't want to bother the crew.
However, they soon enough knew ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When the boat docked, the boy told his parents that he wanted to become a shipwright. The agreed to this, and had the money to set him up as the
apprentice of one of the most influential shipwrights in the entirety of England. The boy's name was Richard Clarke, and he was the nephew of RN
Captain William Clarke.
Chapter 1: The Decision It was August 23, 1798, in the Admiralty Courts of Great Britain. The Kingdom of Great Britain had recently formed a
coalition to fight against the newly formed French Republic. The Admiralty had decided to meet on this day to discuss planning for the war. Lord
Spencer, the first lord of the admiralty, spoke first, saying "Gentlemen, I greet you. I hope we can come to a conclusion that will benefit our
country in this meeting." "I have a proposition to make," Came a reply from Sir James Gambier, a lord of the admiralty. "What?" "That if we were
invest in the creation of well made effective ships instead of those less effective but cheaper and quicker to produce. After all, how can two poorly
made and unstable ships compare to even one well made one of the same

Marinety Lawyer Essay
What to bring to you meeting with your admiralty law attorney
It can end up being a big waste of time for both you and your attorney if you are not ready for your initial meeting. Being unprepared can end up
costing you money. This is because it will take longer for the lawyer you have hired to get up to speed on your personal injury matter. So get your stuff
together beforehand; it's in your own best interests.
Preliminaries
The first thing your lawyer is going to want to know is basic information about who you are and how they can get in touch with you. They will also
want to know your personal background, and may send you a questionnaire to fill out prior to your first meeting. If you can, send it and copies of all
pertinent documents ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is anyone who provided treatment to you or anyone who you consulted with regarding an injury (such as for a second opinion or a doctor you
were required to see as a requirement from your employer
Bills from any and all of your medical care providers
All reports from doctors having to do with your diagnosis and prognosis
Information about any anticipated future medical costs
All information about any insurance coverage of your medical bills
A description and notes from any interactions you may have had with insurance companies
Copies of all correspondence with insurance companies
Copies of any claims you have already filed with your employer or with an insurance company, including your own
Documentation for any reimbursement your employer has given to you
All information about work that you missed (and possibly continue to miss) as a result of your injury
A list of all the ways in which your life has been affected by your injury, no matter how

Evidence Outline
Admiralty Outline В– Fall 2003
Overview
Admiralty is federal law, originating in Article III, В§ 2 of Constitution.
i.First Congress included Cases of Admiralty/Maritime in Judiciary Act. ii. Supremacy Clause.
b.If say that case is admiralty/maritime case, governed by admiralty law, is to say that substantive admiralty law applies.
i.Differences: statute of limitations, comparative laws for recovery, etc.
a.Main: trial by judge. From very beginning, admiralty cases are w/o juries. May be why someone brings suit in admiralty В– to avoid the jury. ii.
Admiralty cases can't be removed from state to federal courts.
a.but most admiralty cases can be brought in state courts unless qualify under diversity.
b.But ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nexus factor: wrong must bear relationship to admiralty, must have maritime nexus. (Since 1972) o almost anything occurring on navigable waters
will meet the nexus test. Jerome B. Grubart, Inc. v. Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co. (SCOTUS, 1995): o Two pronged test for nexus developed.
a.Was event disruptive to maritime commerce?
b.Was it a maritime activity? Look up foremost & Sisson В– determine exact jurisdictional tests for admiralty jurisdiction, differences in contract &
tort. After Executive Jet must have: Incident out of which claim grew must have had disruptive influence on maritime commerce. Substantial
relationship to maritime activity.
oNavigable Waters Jurisdiction inquiries rely on issue of whether matters in the suit had sufficient involvement with navigable waters В– the maritime
nexus. Navigable waters В– classic definition in The Daniel Ball: waters navigable that are either navigable in fact or can do so in conjunction with
other waters in which they flow. Leblanc v. Cleveland (2nd Circuit, 1999): Navigable requires that the body of water be capable fo supporting
commercial maritime activity now, not just historically. Can have seasonable non–navigability. But if not normally navigable and just occasionally
navigable, then no admiralty jurisdiction.
oVessels 1

A Study On Admiralty Law And Maritime Law
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT SUBJECT: Admiralty Law or Maritime Law is a distinct body of domestic laws that supervene upon the
maritime activities (like marine commerce, sailors' related aspects, marine navigation, marine shipping, marine salvaging and transportation of
passengers and goods by sea). It has also been governing questions and offenses related to maritime activities and other sub–heads. Broadly, it is a more
of a private international law related subject that governs the relationship between private entities that operate vessels on the oceans. Keeping in view
the distinction with respect to the subject matters of Public and Private international law, it is mandatory to specify the distinction between The Law
of the Seas and The admiralty law and the chapters succeeding will be a great source to enlighten the same. 1.2 HISTORY: The series that started with
"The Law of Prize" as the governing Customary Law. Then came the 'the cannon shot ' rule that was developed by the Dutch Jurist (Cornelius van
Bynkershoek), which talked about the limited National Rights granted to a speciп¬Ѓed belt of water extending from a nation 's coastlines that was
usually 3 nautical miles (i.e., 5.6 km or Three–mile), it was so that all waters beyond national boundaries were considered international waters (i.e., free
to all nations but belonging to none of them). Later there emerged the conflict between Bourbon and Hapsbury which was settled in 1648 through the
peace of

Gatt Article : National Treatment Article 3 Essay
GATT Article III– National treatment Article 3
The next measure to be analysed is the legislative amendment. Prior to beginning the analysis the first fact to establish is whether Article III applies.
Generally Article III applies to internal measures and the legislative amendment is an internal measure. Furthermore Article 3(4) specifically applies to
the amendment as it is not a tax or charge but affects offering for sale by increasing the cost of production.
Having established that Article 3(4) of GATT applies examination of the amendment begins. GATT Article 3(4) and the AB in Korea Beef outline that
for a measure to be a violation of Article 3(4) three things must be established: the products at issue must be like, the law at issue must be an internal
measure affecting internal sale or offering for sale... and finally the imported product must be given less favourable treatment compared to like
domestic products.
To determine likeness under Article 3(4): examining the physical properties,tariff classification, end uses and interchangeability of the products is
important . In this case the products at issue are Newland's rear–engine cars and Richland's front engine cars. In assessing their likeness their physical
properties are same except for the fact that one engine is in the rear while the other is in front. The end uses of both cars are also similar as they serve
a common purpose of locomotion. The two cars are also interchangeable as the Richland survey shows

American Revolution : Causes And Effects
Elexis Holmes
Mr. Ben Wright
U.S. History– TR 11am
Due: 2/6/15
American Revolution Essay
Causes of American Revolution There were many causes of the American Revolution. Which are the reformation of the British Empire, the Revenue
Act, the Stamp Act, the Declaratory Act, Townshend Act, the Boston Massacre, the Tea Act, the Coercive Act, the First Continental Congress, the
Battles of Lexington and Concord, and the Second Continental Congress. Trying to reform the British Empire after the Seven Years' War was one of
the causes of the American Revolution. The Seven Years' war was fought between many people. In the war the British took control over the Northern
colonies east of the Mississippi River and took control over Canada. The British won the war victoriously but they were left in a lot of debt. British
wanted more money from the colonies by passing any Acts which turned the colonies against them.
The Revenue Act also known as the Sugar Act it started in 1764, this act raised the taxes on sugar that was imported in from the West Indies. This act
was passed to stop the smuggling and to increase the enforcement for those who get caught smuggling molasses in New England. If you were caught
smuggling you were to be tried by the Vice Admiralty courts and not by a jury. The people who were affected by this act was the merchants, but it
affected the poor merchants way more than the rich merchants the poor did not agree with this act. The Stamp Act began in 1765, it was

How Is Winston Churchill A Hero
Ever since his victory in World War II, Winston Churchill has been considered one of the greatest military and political leaders of all time. He has
been remembered for his determination, motivational speeches and wartime leadership. In particular, the success of the evacuation of Dunkirk, and the
defeat of Hitler have been remembered as two of his greatest achievements. However, Churchill also made a number of mistakes throughout his career,
which have now been mostly forgotten. The best example of this, is the failed Gallipoli campaign, which ended in complete disaster. However in spite
of this, Churchill still remains thought of as one of the greatest leaders in history, because of the challenges that he faced throughout his career, and
how he responded to them.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The aim of this campaign was to regain control of the Dardanelles, a vital waterway connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. The Dardanelles
were under the control of the Turks, who were fighting onside with Germany. For the Allies, control over this passage would mean easier and faster
transport of weapons to the Russian navy. At the time of Gallipoli,Winston Churchill was First Lord of the Admiralty, and therefore responsible for
the campaign. The campaign resulted in disaster, with over 200,000 soldiers wounded or killed in battle or from the harsh living conditions.
Eventually, in December of 1915, the Allies were forced to retreat. Following the failure of the Gallipoli campaign, Churchill's reputation collapsed. He
was demoted from Lord of the Admiralty, and resigned from Parliament in 1916. Churchill did not occupy high office again, until his re–instatement in

Ernest Rutherford Research Paper
Where would the science world be today if it wasn't for Ernest Rutherford? We would probably still think that the atom was indivisible and
unchangeable, or even there is no such thing as a proton. Ernest Rutherford is a famous physicist known for coining some basic terms in the field of
physics such as; alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, the proton, the neutron, and half–life. He worked among the side of other great physicists like J.J.
Thomson, Niels Bohr, Frederick Soddy, James Chadwick and Hans Geiger; together they discovered a whole new realm ofscience. (PBS, 1998). Ernest
Rutherford was born August 30th, 1871, on a farm in New Zealand. He was the fourth child born out of his twelve siblings. Before he started to
make mass discoveries in the world of science, he got his degree from the University of New Zealand and began to teach. After teaching for awhile,
Rutherford got a scholarship to Cambridge University in England to be the first graduate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This began the research of the atom's nuclear structure. Rutherford showed the science world that nuclei of light elements could be destroyed by
radioactivity. He also learned that fast protons are emitted from the nucleus when radioactivity interacted with the nuclei. Rutherford didn't stop there,
he kept going on discovering new things, and was greatly acknowledged for all his hard work. (NNDB, 2014). In 1908, Rutherford won the Nobel
Prize in Chemistry. He also created the Rutherford–Geiger detector, with the help of Hans Geiger. The detector was used for uncovering single particles
that were emitting from radioactive atoms. Rutherford also worked with Henry Gwyn Jefferys Moseley; they used the cathode ray to demonstrate that
each element can be determined by an atomic number from the inner structures of the atom. His biggest accomplishments were still yet to

How the French and Indian War Lead to the American Revolution
After the fall of Puritan rule in Massachusetts, Great Britain regained control over Massachusetts and expanded throughout North America, making it
one of the greatest empires in the world. In order to maintain their power in the colonies they enacted rules and regulations regarding traded goods.
However, most colonists resorted to smuggling and boycotting items. It was not until the French and Indian War did England begin to strictly enforce
these restrictions due to a large war debt. The Sugar Act was one the first acts that had started a domino effect which led to theAmerican Revolution.
The French and Indian War mounted when conflicts arose between the French and the British as the English colonists started to settle in 1689 in New...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After winning the French and Indian war, Great Britain's economy entered economic downturn, causing great strain on the ruling power.
Parliament decided that the colonies should help pay towards the cost of the recent war debt and for future defense. The first step towards this was the
Revenue Act of 1764, generally referred to as the Sugar Act. The Sugar Act was also known as "an Act with Teeth,"(Mass Historical Society)
symbolizing that it was an act with depth or of importance. The Act itself was divided into two sections. First, it was intended to raise money from
trade between the British colonies in America. It levied import duties on a list of raw materials including: sugar, coffee, indigo, wine, rum, lumber, and
various cloths. The Sugar Act made the Molasses Act of 1733 perpetual. Although it cut the tax on molasses in half, from sixpence to threepence per
gallon, to discourage smuggling and to make the tax attractive. Second, the Act revamped and reinvigorated the customs service, which managed the
collection of these import duties. For the first time, colonists argued that Parliament was depriving them of a fundamental constitutional right to have
these goods duty free.
Albeit that this was not the first act between Britain and the colonies, it created plenty of uproar amongst the colonies. Two provisions of the Sugar
Act attracted the most colonial opposition. The first provision allowed the validity of seizures of ships and goods to be determined in a

How Did Winston Churchill Define Greatness?
In order to examine the question you must first define greatness, it is described as a status brought upon yourself in which excellence is achieved
in the face of adversity . Winston Churchill is an excellent example of greatness because in the face of adversity( the second World War ) he
excelled and he persevered through his so called `wilderness years` and then excelled as Britain's wartime leader . Churchill's dogged perseverance
to express exactly what he thought was the best possible way forward for Britain meant that he was disliked by many in Parliament but also admired
by many at the same time . Martin Gilbert recognised this situation saying " some detested him , and others from his earliest years , saw him as a
person of exceptional... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This statement was condemned by Nicholson for "sounding cracked and tinny as though played through an Edwardian phonograph" I can infer from
this , may be because during the 1920`s Churchill had campaigned for the need of Military economics , many politicians assumed that he was just
trying to get back at the government . He was described at the time as being an " dangerous relief the past – a dangerous has been" Christopher Sykes .
Still Churchill campaigned , warned and informed of the threat of the Nazis , although Piers Brendon comments that Churchill wasn't " as consistent
about the immanence of war , about the necessity of rearmament , even the wickedness of Hitler as he later claimed " .I don't agree with this source
because in the context of other people supporting his view were few and far between which makes Winston Churchill's stand seem massive ,
Churchill was a master in the art of arguing his point , in order to stand up in the commons and hear the shout of " sit down Winston" ever time he
wanted to speak , this must have taken great courage and it's not surprising that he couldn't keep up his attempts to persuade parliament to the dangers
of Hitler. Especially considering the Baldwin accusing him of "alarmism and exaggeration" , the biggest surprise is the comment

What Is The Difference Between George Grenville And The...
The cost of an empire
Britain's debt increased a lot after 7 years war
Increased taxes towards all british people
Smugglers punished hard or became indentured servants
^ of british military in America post 7 years war in order to prevent native rebellions (Pontiac's and Proclamation of 1763)
George Grenville and the Reform Impulse
Currency Act 1764: prohibit use of paper money in colonies
The Sugar Act 1764: ^ tax that replaced molasses Act
This ^ smuggling
The End of Salutary Neglect
Ended in 1763
Smugglers trien in vice–admiralty courts; no jury
The Stamp Act 1765
This tax affected 50 commonly used goods, this affected virtually all colonists violators tried in vice–admiralty courts
Quartering act– colonists required to feed and house British

What Are The Causes Of Ww1
World War I, or the The Great War, defined the start of modern warefare to the world with consequences that would long outlive the battles being
fought during its epoch. The war was unlike anything the world had ever seen before, with technological and industrial sophistications that led to
catastrophic warfare. At the time, the British Empire was seen as one of the most capable fighting forces in the world. This however, did not mean that
they went through the entirety of war without significant losses, the tragic Dardanelles Campaign, and the Battle of Gallipoli proved to be such an
example. This offensive maneuver against the Ottoman Empire is regarded as one of Britain's biggest tactical and militaristic mistakes of the war, as
hundreds of thousands of allied troops were slaughtered in just eight months. This disastrous event also nearly derailed the political career and
reputation one of Britain's most significant figures in history, then First Lord... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He gained the titles of Under–Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1905, and President of the Board of Trade in 1908. In October of 1911 he was
appointed First Lord of the Admiralty and began overseeing the political and engineering aspects of the British Navy. "If Churchill's years as First
Lord before the outbreak of war reflected a growing inclination toward a more proactive and less reactive naval policy, his nine months as First Lord
after the outbreak of war represented a compulsion... While his objective remained clear, the means by which to achieve it were not. Always in the way
were the objections of his naval staff, which saw much more clearly than Churchill the impractical nature of many of his suggestions. Churchill was not
interested in criticism. He wanted solutions, and it is certain he viewed his own unremitting agitation as a way to inspire the ingenuity required to find
them."

Lusitania Report
Lusitania
It was 2:10 p.m. on May 7, 1915. Leslie Morton, a lookout on the Lusitania, screamed, "Torpedoes coming on the starboard side." Two
explosions followed.
Within 18 minutes the huge liner, once the largest ever built, sank to the bottom of the Celtic Sea. 1,195 out of the 1,959 people aboard died. Walther
Schwieger, commander of the German submarine U– 20, who had fired a single torpedo 750 yards away from the ship, later called it the most horrible
sight he had ever seen.
The Lusitania entered service between Liverpool and New York on September
7, 1907. Funded by the British Admiralty, the Lusitania, built by the Cunard
Steamship Company, was required to double as an auxiliary cruiser in case of war.
This was a secret ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
About a week before the voyage, the New York German community tried to run an ad warning about the trans–Atlantic voyage. But the duty officer at
the State department did not approve, so no ads were placed. Later George Vierick, who was in charge of placing the ads, convinced William Jennings
Bryan, Secretary of
State, that on all but one of the Lusitania's voyages it carried war materials.
Bryan had an advertisement run the morning of departure of May 1, 1915. British
Naval Intelligence discovered the ad and gave orders to look out for U–boats, predicting a trap. Turner, Captain of the Lusitania, was told that he would
rendezvous with the cruiser Juno about 40 miles west of the southern tip of
Ireland. German Intelligence thought that the U–boat lookout order meant that large vessels would be leaving England. U–20 and U–30 were
immediately sent to the British Channel and southern Irish waters(Simpson 66–69).
On May 5, Winston Churchill attended a meeting concerning the Lusitania and the U–20. They concluded that Juno would need an escort, so
assistance would be given, most likely the destroyer Flotilla. But this did not happen. For unknown reasons, Juno was recalled to Queenstown, and no
destroyers were sent(Simpson 70).
On May 5 and 6 three ships were sunk by the U–20, the last without warning.
Alfred Booth, Chairman of Cunard, read about this and sent a message to Captain
Turner diverting the Lusitania to Queenstown. Schwieger spotted the ship on May

Essay On Declaration Of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was written by the colonists to declare their freedom of independence. The Declaration of Independence is a formal
statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain. A quote from the Declaration of
Independence is "Resolved that these, united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states". An interesting fact about the
Declaration of Independence is that there are a few handwritten notes on the back of it and nobody knows who it was written by. The Declaration of
independence was written to show that the colonies are breaking away from Britain. Its purpose was an idea of government, lists of complaints, and a
declaration of war. The Declaration of Independence preamble "We hold... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Peoples rights are life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. Jefferson frames the violation of economic and political rights that the Colonists have had
to suffer were the result of a lack of respect. Also, Jefferson states that the British government had refused to work together and develop a
partnership. According to Jefferson the purpose of a government is to protect rights from being violated. It is permissible to change a government
when they are violating their rights. One philosophical idea in the Declaration is that if a government is to be overthrown then a new government
shall be created with equality, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Also, on the Declaration it has a list of Grievances that the king should not
do. There are 27 items, and an example of one of these states "He refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good"
this is saying that he didn't give permission for necessary laws. Another example is "He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior
to the Civil power" this is saying that the king overpowers citizens by outnumbering them with

The Pros And Cons Of Sir Brignon
"The spark of natural liberty, the love of which is born in all men, soon made itself right ". Dating back to as early as 1747, it is evident that unethical
justifications were constructed in order to make it possible for himself, Sir Brignon, to take colonial actions, such as introducing the idea slavery to
Pondichery, but evidently failed. Sir Brignon, born of France, failed to justify his actions of slavery concerning the two Indian men he bought and
brought home. In addition, Sir Brignon stated he had the intention of returning them to the colonies by annually registering them with Admiralty Clerk;
the registrations were insufficient and served of no effect. On 4 February 1758, Mr. Collet, the king's attorney general presented a petition

Panama Canal Essay
In the incident of MV Sagittarius in 2012, which was under investigation for suspicious deaths at sea, is a further example of problems with flags
of convenience. The vessel flew the Panama flag and had the crew from Indonesia, were shipping coal from Australia to Japan. Within a six week
period two crew members died by suspicious deaths upon the ship, with repeated reports of harassment, bullying, criminal activity and poor labour
conditions, due to lack of screening and oversight of operations. The Panama Canal is a popular area for flags of convenience for vessels wanting a
safe harbour and refuge, and to avoid tax and screening issues. It is an area well known for the lack of stipulated rules and regulations. Within these
lowered standards of registration are accusations of corruption, accidents, and investigation into sub–standard labour issues. Question... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yes they both have the same name and both are about things, but apparently, this is where the similarity stops, it did not stem from the Roman Law
nor was it a foundation of firmly set English law, it was derived from jurisprudence to solve an actual problem. Apparently there is one area where
the action in rem may have come from the civil law, and that is the maritime lien, it is one of uncertain development, looking at the case of "The Bold
Buccleugh", Sir John Jervis said that the lien does have some foundations in civil law, this particular thought has been widely debated. If we refer back
to the Admiralty Act 1861 (Imp), it states that you could have a statutory right to proceed in rem, which means it is untrue regarding its foundations in
a maritime

The Life and Contribution to the Development of the...
The Life and Contribution to the Development of the British Empire of James Cook
I) Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to describe the life and the contribution to the development of the British Empire of one of the most important English
explorers. It was in the second half of the 18th century when James Cook, originally a poor farm boy, explored and mapped vast uncharted areas of the
Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean. However,James Cook was not 'only' an explorer. He can also be called a scientist – he managed to introduce new
principles into seafaring and cartography.
For better understanding, the paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which throws light on the purpose and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Such a structure of commerce enabled the immense growth of wealth of the country.
An imperial enthusiasm – the British found out that they could grow rich from the trade with their colonies. As a result it led to a constant, unending
search for new markets for British products, new trading centres and eventually, new lands to settle their surplus criminals and poor, unemployed
citizens.
New inventions in navigation – these inventions had a profound influence, not only upon Britain, but even upon much of the rest of the world. John
Hadley's invention of the reflecting quadrant made it possible to determine the latitude at noon or by night. Extremely accurate, it was quickly adopted
by the admiralty (1730). John Harrison's ship chronometer was to revolutionise the world's shipping (1736). A new method of combating scurvy was
found – James Lind recommended to use citrus juice (1747) and finally, John Campbell introduced the new sextant to the Royal Navy (1757). All of
these inventions helped to create Britain's naval supremacy.
A new philosophical approach – the 18th century in Western Europe is the beginning of the Age of Reason, the philosophers and scientists stressed the
value of global discovery, of learning more about the earth and of collecting unusual flora and fauna from around the globe.
Thus Great Britain established (or

Declaration Of Independence: American Political Tradition
Ryan McDermott
Professor Swanson
Take Home Exam 1
October 31, 2016
The Declaration of Independence is a document of the American Political Tradition. The Document expresses the ideas that have created the American
Nation and the document is viewed as the most influential document in the nation's history. It states that all men are created free and equal and possess
the same inherent, natural rights. Declaration of Independence announced to the world unanimous decision of the thirteen American colonies to
separate themselves from Great Britain. Assuming that the charges in the Declaration of Independence were true, the settlers in what was to become the
United States had no other choice than to revolt because the charges in the declaration oppressed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
King George economically oppressed the colonists by "For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:"(http://corematerials.homestead.com
/19_The_Declaration_of_Independence.pdf (Page 2). King George economically oppressed the colonist during the time of the Stamp Act in the early
1760s. The Stamp Act was the first issues the colonist had with King George of unfair taxation. The colonists implemented "no taxation without
representation"on not just taxes but all acts of government. Great Britain in April of 1764, assigned the military courts, admiralty, and vice admiralty
with enforcing the laws of the British Parliament concerning to commerce. Great Britain in response to the colonists smuggling goods increased the
amount of these courts. The colonists from Massachusetts to Georgia fought to make sure that this tax was not collected by Great Britain, the
colonists were economically oppressed because they were taxed without representation. King George declared war on the colonists by having his
military commit acts of savagery on the colonists, "He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the Lives of our
people." King George declared war on the American Colonists by burning their towns. Great

The Person I Chose As My Leader
Description.
The person I chose as my leader is Winston Churchill. Winston Churchill was born on November 30, 1874. Winston grew up in Dublin, Ireland at
which he attended two different schools as a young boy. He did not do well at either one of the schools which lead him to joining the military.
Winston's main characteristics in being an active leader was his role of motivating society, regardless the condition how frightening the conditions turn
out to be. Churchill's character showed eagerness, willpower, and confidence. In the original days of World War IIWinston Churchill's inspirational
capability began to be perceived by those around him. Churchill could not accept being defeated nor did he favor negotiating terms ... Show more
Winston Churchill had written five books by the age of 26. His escape from Boer prison camp in 1899 made him a hero and led him into the House
of Commons, where his occupation reached over 60 years. He also earned the Nobel Prize for Literature on his books. Churchill maintained the
Gallipoli campaign in 1915 where his failure forced him to quit the Admiralty. He later returned to the Government as Minister of Munitions in 1917.
Then future to become Secretary for War and Air and Colonial Secretary. In these roles he controlled demobilization of the army afterWorld War Itried
ineffectively to standby the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.Before starting on his military career Churchill was emerging his leadership skills at the
Royal military college in Sandhurst here is where you can see the earliest of his abilities. Churchill later enrolled into Parliament. It would be the
beginning of World War II that Winston Churchill would be selected for First Lord of the Admiralty in the Royal Navy but would run into an
unsettling incident in the Dardanelles campaign where numerous naval actions took place but his choices would cost him his position and would
trouble him for many years. Succeeding that Winston Churchill would resign but with his willpower to succeed he joined the army and went back into
politics resulting in senior rolls in overseas assignments. Churchill would later undertake the role as First Lord of the

English Piracy Definition
Very few people today, perhaps those who have stared death in the face, can possibly comprehend what it would have been like to stand on the
gallows at high tide as the executioner fashioned a noose around the pirate's neck; the last significant act before his final voyage, a short drop and a
quick stop. The English political and legal processes that delivered this defiant captain and hundreds of others condemned for piracy to their final
destination is the focus of this study.
Their contemporaries described them as "Robbers, Opposers, and Violators of all Laws, Humane and Divine." Many viewed themselves as a more
selfish reincarnation of Robin Hood, stealing from wealthy merchants, foreign traders, and abusive captains, and in doing so, threatening ... Show more
After nearly two decades of anti–pirate policies in the colonies, colonial officials no longer deemed it necessary to aggressively convict anyone
suspected of piracy out of fear of losing their charter, as they had prior to 1705. Furthermore, the defining legal question leading to extreme ambiguity in
the prosecution of pirates during the seventeenth–century was at what point did acting outside of one's commission constitute an act of piracy? The
conclusion of Great Britain's hostilities with France and Spain in 1713 rendered this question irrelevant as the new wave of pirates targeted primarily
British, not neutral or allied ships, clearly defining their aggression as piracy. The change in targets also reduced the prosecution's need to rely on
accomplice testimony, a source of controversy in civil law proceedings, since attacks occurring off nearby shores provided easier access to victim
testimony. Finally, the increase in colonial newspapers and the dissemination of their publication of piracy trials reports did assist in reducing
procedural inconsistencies, but not in the way previously suggested. Instead, it was the increased familiarity with civil law and piracy trial procedures
within the reports, combined with

The Treason Trial Act Of The United States
Despite the concessions Hedges made to combat the obvious disadvantage defendants in piracy cases faced, it is also clear that Hedges was not
willing to provide suspected pirates with an avenue to escape justice. To the Chief Justice, these minor concessions in no way hampered the court's
ability to ascertain the truth. To that end, Hedges withheld two crucial components of the Treason Trial Act from hispiracy legislation which conflicted
with his approach to trying pirates. One of the most important and radical changes in trial procedures derived from the Treason Trials Act was that it
changed the court's interaction with the accused, from a combative environment, to seeing defendants as possible victims. This was contradictory to ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prior to 1706, only three gentlemen from Massachusetts travelled to England to study law, all of them focusing on common law training at the Inns of
Court. William Penn, proprietor of Pennsylvania, argued vehemently against the perceived usurpation of charter rights and complained about the
difficulty in following the statute since no one in the colonies understood civil law procedure. Robert Quarry, recent judicial appointee to Pennsylvania's
new vice–Admiralty court confirmed Penn's analysis when he wrote "I have not so much vanity as to pretend myself learned in the Civil Law..."
continuing, "If none but a person learned in the law must be Judge of the Vice–Admiralty in Pennsylvania, then the crown must be without justice
there, or send a person so qualified to England."
The Board of Trade's solution to this serious impediment was to send George Larkin to the colonies in the spring of 1700 to instruct colonial
officials in civil law and the proper procedures relating to piracy trials. This whirlwind tour sent Larkin to nine colonies, where he spent roughly two
weeks in each colony giving a crash course to unprepared, and at times, unwilling recipients. He skipped the proprietary colonies completely. In
Massachusetts, no high ranking official was present for Larkin's training, and those that did show up proved highly resistant to accepting civil law
procedures in their courts. Bermuda's Governor

How Is Churchill's Contribution To Modernize The British Navy
While serving as First Lord of the Admiralty Churchill helped to modernized the British Navy. He ordered that new warships be built with oil–fired
instead of coal fired engines. Among other things, Churchill was appointed the title of Minister of Munitions for the last year of the war and oversaw
the production of tanks, airplanes and munitions. There were fractures eventually in the Liberal Party which lead to the defeat of Churchill as a
member of Parliament in 1922 so he rejoined the Conservative Party. Something that normally would've been extremely difficult to do. At this point in
time, he was thought of as a right–wing extremist who was out of touch with the general populace. Churchill understood this and spent his next few
years dedicated to writing and publishing his book A History of English Speaking Peoples.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Churchill was appointed a member of the War Cabinet and First Lord of the Admiralty in 1939 and by 1940 he became a chairman of the Military
Coordinating Committee. On May 10th King George VI appointed Churchill as Prime Minister and Minister of Defense. It wasn't long before
Britain realized it stood almost entirely alone against Hitler. Churchill took action by forming a coalition cabinet of leaders from the Labor, Liberal
and Conservative parties, placing intelligent and talented men in key positions. He was essential in keeping resistance to Nazi dominance alive and
well flamed which helped to create an alliance with the United States and the Soviet Union. Churchill had cultivated a relationship with the U.S.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930's which helped Winston in March of 1941 where he was able to secure vital U.S. aid through the Lend
Lease Act which allowed Britain to order war goods from the United States on

The Stamp Act: Breakout Of The Revolutionary War
The Stamp Act had far reaching historical significance as it was the first policy that British Parliament passed that directly taxed the American
colonists and it set into motion a chain of events that would lead to the breakout of the Revolutionary War. The Stamp Act was introduced by
British Prime Minister George Grenville and was passed by Parliament in March of 1765 to take into effect November 1, 1765. Its purpose was to
tax the American colonies in order to help alleviate the debt that the English had incurred due to the French and Indian War and help raise money
for the British army that was stationed in the American colonies. The Stamp Act required tax stamps on every piece of printed paper the colonist
used, such as ship papers, legal documents, newspapers and licenses. The English government also demanded that the tax be paid in gold or silver
specie, which outraged the colonists as most used paper currency or credit because gold and silver specie was difficult to acquire. The policies that
Parliament passed prior to the Stamp Act had only taxed specific types of trade and commerce, but because the Stamp Act directly taxed all colonists
it stirred massive protests. The colonists saw this as a violation of their rights because the act was to be enforced by stamp agents, with penalties for
violating the act imposed by the Vice Admiralty Courts that sat without juries.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From ordinary colonists that were drawn into the anti–Stamp Act movement there were mobs and riots, in Boston on August 14, 1765, a group called
the Loyal Nine organized a demonstration that targeted appointed stamp collectors, such as Massachusetts' stamp collector, Andrew Oliver. Due to the
level of attack that these groups were displaying, stamp collectors, including Andrew Oliver, resigned before the Stamp Act started on November 1,

John Cobook Biography
JOHN COOK was born at Garven Terrace in Stevenston on the 11th of March 1909. The family moved to 31 Station Square prior to 1913, and John
likely received his education at the Stevenston Junior Secondary School. He probably left school about the age of 14 and was apprenticed as an iron
moulder at the nearby Ardrossan Winton Foundry.
This came to a halt with the onset of the Great Depression about 1930. For a time he found work as a labourer on the construction of sea defences
along Saltcoats Promenade. John eventually followed his father into the ICI explosives factory in Ardeer, where he joined the Blacksmiths Department.
At the age of 27, he married a shop assistant named Elizabeth Eve–lyn Haire Grant, at Ardeer Parish Church on the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Eastern Fleet was divided into Force A and Force B and March saw Revenge, as part of Force B, patrolling the waters south of Ceylon,
sweeping east by day and west by night. By April, the Admiralty had realised that the Eastern Fleet was inferior in all respects to the fleet of the
Imperial Japa–nese Navy. George Mason writes that the Revenge–class ships were "con–sidered more of a liability than an asset due to their slow
speed and poor anti–aircraft armament," and as result were withdrawn to Africa. Between May 1942 and July 1943, Revenge returned to defensive
duties in the Indian Ocean, spending the period September–November 1942 in Durban un–dergoing further refits. In July 1943 Revenge was nominated
to return home and she arrived in the Clyde on the 9th of September.
John returned home on leave a handful of times throughout the war. Anna stated that he rarely spoke of his wartime experiences, though the mention
of Durban and Cape Town, beads and wooden carvings brought home with him, and photos of villages with straw huts all point–ed to his time in Africa
and the Indian Ocean. She recalled that her

British Policy and The American Colonies Essay
Changes in British policies toward the colonies between 1750 and 1776 played paramount in the evolution of relations between British North America
and Mother England. Tension between England and the colonies mounted from the conclusion of the Seven Years' War to the signing of the
Declaration of Independence as a result of the several implemented changes imposed by Parliament for the purpose of increasing income and
tightening the grip on America. During the Seven Years' War, William Pitt was enlisted to take over command of the British forces from the failing
Earl of Londoun. Pitt realized the advantage of employing the help of the colonies to bolster the war effort for the British; to appeal to them, Pitt
ensured the colonists they... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Proclamation line would forbid colonists from settling west of the Appalachians. This new measure infuriated colonists who felt cheated because
the land they had fought so hard for had been given away to the Indians. The frustrations amongst colonists did not stop with the Proclamation Line. In
1764 the Revenue Act, more commonly known as the Sugar Act was passed cutting the duty on molasses in half. Though the reduction in duty was
favorable, the act also meant that ships carrying cargo were very closely monitored and those who breached laws regarding duty were tried in juryless
admiralty courts. Following the Revenue Act was the Currency act of 1764, which prohibited colonies from producing their own currency; the
reasoning was to restrict colonists from paying off debt with currency that was worth less than face value. The British government's legislation to
increase revenue continued beyond the Revenue and Currency Acts. In 1765 the Quartering Act and Stamp Act were enacted. The Quartering Act
required colonists to house troops who were stationed in their vicinity. The British reasoned that this would help with the cost of keeping British troops
in America. To further boost England's suffering economy, the Stamp Act was made effective putting tax on paper goods such as legal documents,
newspapers, almanacs, playing cards, college diplomas, etc. Violators of the Stamp Act, like the Revenue Act, were tried in admiralty courts. The
enforcement of

Case Analysis : Admiralty Law
Admiralty Law
Name
Institution
Course
Date
Admiralty Law
Facts
On 1 February 2012, an oil tanker known as The North Star operated and owned by Poseidon Ltd, is grounded a mile near the port of Swansea. The
tanker broke up and started leaking crude oil into the sea. The leak is then washed up on the beaches surrounding Swansea. The tankers' grounding
was wholly caused by Jeremy's negligence, a pilot employed by SHA, Swansea Harbor Authority. Due to heavy seas, salvage attempts for the vessel
became difficult. As a result of this, it took The Ocean Salvation crew about four days to reach the grounded tanker. At this point, more than 10,000
tonnes of crude oil had spilled into the sea. The Ocean Salvation is operated by Seamorgan ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All the guests in his hotel cancel their holidays in February and March. The losses he suffered in terms of revenue amounted to ВЈ50,000. A local
cockle angler – Huw, suffers substantial losses following the step by the UK government to enact the Emergency Restrictions Act in 2012, which
banned the harvesting and sale of cockles within the area of the oil spill. This ban lasted close to 18 months and Huw having no other alternative source
of income suffered significantly. Another local resident, the owner of Fantastic Fauna Ltd– Dewi who runs boat trips to observe the harbor seals found
in Swansea. Due to the oil spills, scientist observed that the seals had been permanently displaced from Swansea and had instead settled in Cardiff.
Due to the oil spills and consequent closure of hotels in Swansea area such as Tawe, which was the biggest client of Swansea Suds – a company that
makes soap – closes down. Aled, the owner of that company suffers substantial losses of over ВЈ35,000 per annum.
In addition, the Ocean Salvation collides with Net Gain a few days later on its way to Portsmouth. This collision is attributed to the excessive speed
of the Ocean Salvation. However, the Ocean Salvation has left the UK waters, is in Brazil for another rescue operation, and has been there since 28
February 2012. Seamorgan Salvage Solutions was consequently sued by Tony and Steve, former crewmembers of the Ocean Salvation, for unpaid
wages. Seamorgan Salvage Solutions

Land Use Changes
1.0 `INTRODUCTION 2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The trend in property development is not however unconnected with the increased awareness in making the highest and best use of land resources
among competing uses.
According to Balowe (1978) the term ``land`` often mean different things depending upon the content in which it is used and the circumstances under
which it is considered.
Land takes a fundamental significance as a commodity in daily use for multi–various purpose over the years; it has influenced and continues to
influence the daily lives of Nigerians as expressed in social, economic and political organization of various communities in Nigeria.
However, the property market is an economic mechanism rationing land between ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This dissertation attempts to provide answers to the above questions with a view to attract the above reactions of the New Town Development
Authority, Property Developers, Estate Surveyors, Land Owners and Tenant towards a better understanding of the dynamics of land use and value in a
fast growing city like Lagos. 2.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
As stated earlier, the purpose of this study is to proffer solution to the problem outlined in section 1.2 above and in doing so; I shall critically examine
the genesis and impact of change in use in property values in low density layout (Admiralty Way Lekki Phase1).
I shall examine how transfer of land to its most profitable use is often frustrated by factors such as: a) The imperfect knowledge of buyers and sellers
of the use to which the given property can be put. b) The importance of adequate zoning area for commercial activities within government estate c) The
time– absorbing and costly process of seeking and acquiring new locations. d) The cost and legal complexity of acquiring properties e) The monopoly
power of Town Planning and New Town Development Authorities.
In conclusion, I shall establish if the ever increasing incidence of change in use should be encouraged by government. 2.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
The outcome of this study is expected to create awareness for Lagos state Government through New Town Development Authorities and

Judicial Administration of British India Uptill 1790
INTRODUCTION:– History comprises of the growth, evolution and development of the legal system in the country and sets forth the historical
process whereby a legal system has come to be what it is over time. The legal system of a country at a given time is not the creation of one man or of
one day but is the cumulative fruit of the endeavor, experience, thoughtful planning and patient labour of a large number of people through
generations. With the coming of the British to India, the legal system of India changed from what it was in the Mughal period where mainly the
Islamic law was followed. The legal system currently in India bears a very close resemblance to what the British left us with. As per the needs of the
changing times changes... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The establishment of this Court was a welcome as it was the first British Court in India consisting of lawyers, its jurisdiction was so wise that it
covered all kinds of legal wrongs and that since all British subject came under its jurisdiction it ensured rule of law. . The Governor–General Lord
Cornwallis (1786–1793) introduced changes in the judicial system in 1787, 1790, and 1793. He had thoroughly reorganized the civil and criminal
judicial system in India in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. He for the first time introduced the principle of administration according to law. In 1787 he
merged the revenue collection and power to try the revenue disputes in the same hands of the magistrate who formed the Mal Adalat. Appeals from the
Mal Adalat had to go to the Governor General. 1.The Choultry Courts:– The Charters dated 31st December, 1600, 31st May 1609 and 4th February,
1622 granted powers to the East India Company to Chastise and correct all English persons committing any misdemeanour in the East Indias. As a
result, the Choultry Court was formed from 1622 onwards.The Choultry Courts tried petty cases, Civil or Criminal. They remitted important cases,
where English Subjects were involved, to England, while they persuaded the local Naik or the adigar (adhikari or elder of the village) to deal with
cases in which Indians were the parties. The Governer sat at the

Winston Churchill's Actions After Ww2
During World War II, France surrendered to Germany in June of 1940. After France signed the Armistice with Germany and Italy, Churchill saw
France's actions as an act of betrayal among the Allied forces. Fearing that Hitler would use the French naval forces against the Allied powers, he
ordered an attack on Mers–el–Kebir killing 1,297 people. Winston Churchill's actions were not necessarily in the right because there was no evidence
that Adolf Hitler planned to use the French naval forces to bolster his lackluster navy. In today's society Churchill's actions would be considered a war
crime.
France signed an armistice with Germany on June 22, 1940 and then signed a similar agreement with Italy two days later. In this agreement, Germany
stated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Churchill was more concerned about the fleet at Mers–el–Kebir because the ships there did not see much combat and they were valuable battleships.
Why would Germany want France in the first place? France had a strong navy that Hitler could have at his disposal. He was bent on regaining the
colonies that once belonged to the Reich. He also wanted to add the French colonies to his domain, including Madagascar. In the eyes of the Fuehrer,
Madagascar was a perfect place to imprison millions of Jews. The island was a perfect location because the incarcerated victims would not be able to
escape their grotesque fate.
The good news about the armistice was that the Germans were not able to use the fleet for the war, the French still had control of their navy, but
were not allowed to use it to go toe to toe with Germany. The French military were reduced to only a domestice task force so that they could not rise
against the Germans. Still, Churchill saw that Nazi control over the fleet was a great threat to the Allied power's glorified victory in the war. While
some of the French ships were docked in France and other in areas controlled by the British, the main threat was at Mers–el–Kebir

Misogyny in Hugh Maclennan's Barometer Rising

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Misogyny in Hugh Maclennan's Barometer Rising