The document discusses various aspects of information systems planning including: 1) It outlines different methodologies for information systems planning like Business Systems Planning, Critical Success Factors, and Strategic Information Planning. 2) It describes the steps in information systems planning from strategic planning to tactical and operational planning. 3) It discusses key concepts in planning like mission, goals, strategies, objectives, and the roles of various levels of management in information systems planning.

1. TIMM IS PLANNING

2. Systems Development Life Cycle Existing System Systems Maintenance: Incremental changes Feasibility & Planning Systems Analysis Systems Design Systems Implementation Problems & Improvements New System Proposal Goals & plans Business requirements Technical Design problems revisions problems revisions

3. Feasibility Analysis Technical Motivational Economical Operational Schedule 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

4. What is planning? Planning is deciding what to do before you do it. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

5. What is the mission of the TIMM IS? 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning To make services more efficient and more effective by (1) automating, where possible, the collection of data. (2) fully integrating all dated collected and used by Metropolitan Hospital. (3) providing access to outside medical data. (4) making that data and information easily accessible in real time in every setting in the hospital where it can contribute to providing the highest quality care.

6. How does the TIMM IS advance the mission of the hospital? 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning The mission of the hospital is to provide state-of-the-art medical care in a wide range of disciplines. The TIMM IS would improve those services and, by making them more efficient, also make them available to more people.

7. What is the vision of the TIMM IS? (What does the team see the hospital being able to do three and five years from now with it that it cannot do now?) 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning The team didn’t feel equipped to answer this question fully yet, but there was a sense that the key to the power of the TIMM IS was interconnectivity and that wireless networking would be a seminal feature of the system.

8. Organizational planning process Evaluating what they have accomplished and what they have acquired Analyzing their environment Anticipating future developments Deciding on what goals they want to achieve Deciding what actions to take to achieve their goals 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

9. Planning Process 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Analyze the organization’s environment Forecast internal and external developments Evaluate accomplishments and resources Establish mission goals objectives Develop Strategies Policies Tactics Develop implementation methods and control Articulate the organization’s plan Feedback

10. Top-down Bottom-up Identify Management Functions and Operations Entire Organization Design Systems Data Programs Standards! Integrate Write code Build DB Find a problem Management Functions Operations Databases Programs Programs Programs Functions Operations Operations Databases Databases Databases Databases Programs Programs Programs Programs Programs Programs

11. Steps of Information system planning 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Corporate Mission IS Mission IS Vision IS Strategic Plan IS Tactical Plans Operational Plans Budget

12. Mission Reason for being – it is a statement of the basic purpose or purposes for which the organization exists. e.g. “ to supply the energy to the consumer” Goals General statement of what is to be accomplished. e.g. “reduce time to respond to service request without increasing number of service personnel” Strategies General approaches to achieving goals. e.g. “becoming low cost producer in its industry”

13. Objectives Statement of measurable results to be achieved. e.g. “specific increases in earning per share” Tactics More specific guides to actions that would implement strategies. e.g. “increasing investment in automation” Policy General guidelines that direct & constrain decision making within a organization. e.g. “promoting from within” Rules & Procedures More specific statements that direct decision making. e.g. “hiring employees, rules protecting employees jobs”

14. Role of top management in IS planning Recognize IT as an indispensible resource Understand that IT is a complex resource Regard IT as owned by the entire organization Regard ISs as a source for gaining strategic goals View ISs as a tool to control power 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

15. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning MIS PLANNING STRATEGIC PLANNING TACTICAL PLANNING OPERATIONAL PLANNING Enterprise Assessment Analysis : Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies Environmental Analysis : Assess IS Environment Develop Strategic Information System Plan Assess Organization’s Information Requirements Assemble Master Development Plan Develop Resource Allocation Plan Develop Operational Plan

16. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning STRATEGIC PLANNING Enterprise Assessment Analysis: Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies - Review strategic organization plan - Identify major claimant groups and their objectives - Identify strategic organization initiatives Environmental Analysis: Assess IS Environment - Strategic IS opportunities Current business environment New technology Current applications portfolio Current IS resources Stage of IS maturity Develop Strategic Information System Plan : IS Strategies, Mission, and Goals Overall information architecture Resource allocation mechanism Major applications objectives

17. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning TACTICAL PLANNING Assess Organization’s Information Requirements – Current information needs Projected information needs Assemble Master Development Plan - IS project definition Project ranking Multiyear development schedule Develop Resource Allocation Plan - Hardware plan Software plan Personnel plan Telecommunications Network plan Facilities plan Financial plan

18. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning OPERATIONAL PLANNING Develop Operational Plan – Annual operating budget Individual project plans

19. MIS Planning Methodology Business System Planning (BSP) Critical Success Factors (CSF) Strategic Information Planning Nolan stage model of growth 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

20. BSP (IBM) 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Business Application Business Processes Business Mission and Objectives Operational Database Business Data Information System Architecture Top-Down Planning Bottom-Up Implementation

21. Information Architecture IA provides a blue print for IT infrastructure in an organization. It integrates business strategy and IS strategy What, When, Where, and How 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

22. Information Architecture IA is develop to meet the following requirements: - Support the information flows - Facilitate communication between people - Enable management to rethink business strategies 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

23. Weaknesses of BSP Method BSP requires a firm commitment from the top management and their substantial involvement It requires high degree of IT experience within the BSP planning team There is a problem of bridging the gap between top down planning and bottom up implementation It does not incorporate a software design methodology It is time consumable methods and effort required for its successful implementation 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

24. CSF (John Rockert) 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Gather Individual Management CSF Refine Aggregate Individual Management CSF Develop Management Agreement on Company CSF Define and Develop Ways to Measure Company CSF Define an Information Architecture Define an IS Application Portfolio Define IS Development Project Priorities

25. Weaknesses of CSF method It does not define information architecture CSFs partly reflect a particular executive’s management styles There is more potential errors in the process of extracting individual CSFs and combining them into a common set of critical factors for organizational success 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

26. Strategic Information Planning (Arthur Andersen & Co.’s) 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Information Technology Opportunities Data/Application Plan Information Technology Strategy Implementation Plan Present Status Assessment Technology Plan Business and Competitive Assessment Scope Definition/ Organization Organization Plan Preplanning Strategic Planning Tactical Planning

27. 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Analytical Process and Systems Approach Defining problems. Identifying causes. Describing alternatives and opportunities. Investigating solutions. Presenting findings, conclusions, and recommendations. Action Plan Making decisions. Planning projects. Implementing solution(s). STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY General Approach

28. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Four Distinct Phases 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning PHASE I – DATA COLLECTION PHASE II – DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III – STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV – IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING Organizational Infrastructure Internal Community Analysis Historical Performance Assessment Management Environment Situational Analysis Organizational Needs Available Alternatives Strategic Issues Marketing Plan Funding Plan Strategic Direction Tactical Plan External Environment External Environment Analysis Future Vision

29. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase I – Data Collection 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Management Environment Organizations Technology Governance Policies and Procedures Organizational Infrastructure Support Infrastructure Applications External Environment State Government Federal Government External Projects To Phase II

30. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase II – Data Diagnosis 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning From Phase I Internal Community Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Historical Performance Assessment External Environment Analysis Opportunities Threats Situational Analysis To Phase III Issues Options

31. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase III – Strategy Formulation 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning From Phase II Organizational Needs Alignment Goals Strategic Issues Available Alternatives Future Vision To Phase IV Business Infrastructure Operations/Support Long-Term To Phase IV From Phase IV Standards Flexibility Growth Requirements Priorities Capabilities

32. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase IV – Implementation Planning 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning From Phase III Marketing Plan Strategic Direction Funding Plan Tactical Plan Benchmarks Initiatives Priorities Strategies Projects Resources Budgets Milestones From Phase III To Phase III

33. STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning PHASE I – DATA COLLECTION PHASE II – DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III – STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV – IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING Organizational Infrastructure Internal Community Analysis Historical Performance Assessment Management Environment Situational Analysis Organizational Needs Available Alternatives Strategic Issues Marketing Plan Funding Plan Strategic Direction Tactical Plan External Environment External Environment Analysis Future Vision

34. Challenges in IS Planning Foreseeing the future Difficulty in Communicating between user and system personnel Ensuring fit between business strategy and IS strategy Difficulty in developing complex systems Difficulty in Maintaining IS Performance 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

35. Make a group of each specialization Identify all the processes of Finance (for Finance) Marketing (for Marketing) HRM (for HRM) 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning

36. Nolan Six Stage Model 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Stage1 Initiation Stage2 Contagion Stage3 Control Stage4 Integration Stage5 Data Administration Stage6 Maturity Transition Point

37. Nolan Six Stage Model 10/21/11 07:53 MIS Planning Technology Shift Growth Curves Initial Technology Data Processing Next Technology Data Resources Initiation Contagion Control Initiation Contagion Control

38. Thank you for your participation