This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of microscopes, their, parts and usage. It explains light microscope, including simple and compound types, as well as electron and fluorescent microscopes. key concepts such as magnification, resolving power, and correct usage instruction are discussed. The document also cover proper care and handling laboratory safety measures, cleaning techniques, and maintenance tips. It is designed for students and educators in sciences and medical fields to promote safe and effective use of microscope

1. CARE AND HANDLING OF MICROSCOPE
ALL ALIED HEALTH CARE ,GNM & NURSING, PBBSc.
ARTI PANDEY
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY & ALIED
HEALTH CARE
SINPS LUCKNOW

2. CONTENET
MICROSCOPE
APPLICATION
PROPERTIES OF MICROSCOPE
TYPES OF MICROSCOPE
CARE OF MICROSCOPE
USNIG AND HANDALING OF MICROSCOPE

3. FATHER OF MICROSCOPY
ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
Born : October 24,1632
Died: August 30, 1723
He is known as the “ Father
of microscopy”

4. WHAT IS THE MICROSCOPE
It is the scientific method of magnifying tiny
structures using different types of microscopes.
Plays a vital role in biology, nanotechnology, and
microbiology for studying cells, tissues, and
microorganisms
Microscopy means the use of microscope to study
objects not visible to the naked eye.
Helps in identifying microbial cells and
understanding their structure and function.
Provides a magnified image of microorganisms,
cells, tissues, and tiny structures.

5. APPLICATION
Observation
Medical Field – Diagnosis of diseases (blood, urine, tissue samples).
Research – Study of cells, organelles, and microorganisms.
Education – Teaching tool in schools and colleges.
Industry – Drug quality check, food testing, forensic science.
Environment – Water & soil microorganism study, water quality testing.

6. INTRODUCTION TO MICROSCOPES
Microscopes are essential tools for scientific research
and education.
Proper care and handling ensure the longevity and
functionality of microscopes.
Understanding the components of a microscope is
crucial for effective use.
An instrument that produces enlarged images of small
objects.
Allows close view of minute structures for
examination and analysis.

7. TYPES OF MICROSCOPE
BASIC MICROSCOPES
Simple Microscope
Compound Microscope
Dissecting Microscope (Stereo Microscope)
Pocket Microscope

8. OPTICAL / LIGHT MICROSCOPES (SPECIALIZED)
Phase Contrast Microscope
Fluorescence Microscope
Dark Field Microscope
Polarizing Microscope
Metallurgical Microscope
Inverted Microscope

9. ADVANCED & MODERN MICROSCOPES
Digital Microscope / USB Microscope
Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM)
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
Acoustic Microscope
X-Ray Microscope

10. ELECTRON MICROSCOPES
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

11. IMPORTANCE OF MICROSCOPE CARE
 Prevents damage to sensitive parts.
 Ensures clear and accurate results
 Enhances performance of the
microscope.
 Increases the lifespan of the instrument
 Reduces maintenance costs
 Promotes safe handling and stability

12. BASIC COMPONENTS OF A MICROSCOPE
 Key components include the eyepiece,
objectives, and stage.
 Understanding these parts is vital for
effective handling.
 Each component requires specific care to
maintain optimal performance.

13. COMPONENTS OF A MICROSCOPE
🔹 Structural Parts
• Provide support and stability
• Hold different components of the microscope in place
🔹 Optical Parts
• Used for magnification
• Help in viewing specimen images clearly
🔹 Modern Microscopes
• Include additional electronics
• Equipped with digital displays and imaging devices for advanced observation

14. BASIC COMPONENTS OF A MICROSCOPE

15. MECHANICAL PARTS (FOR SUPPORT AND HANDLING)
 Base – The bottom part that supports the microscope and keeps it stable.
 Arm/Stand – Connects the base with the body; used to carry the microscope.
 Stage – Flat platform where the slide is placed for observation.
 Stage Clips / Mechanical Stage – Hold the slide in place on the stage.
 Body Tube – Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.
 Nosepiece/Rotating Turret – Holds multiple objective lenses and allows rotation to
switch magnification.
 Coarse Adjustment Knob – Large knob used for focusing under low power.
 Fine Adjustment Knob – Small knob for sharp, fine focusing under high power.

16. OPTICAL PARTS (FOR MAGNIFICATION AND IMAGE
FORMATION)
• Eyepiece (Ocular Lens) – The lens you look through (usually 10x or 15x magnification).
• Objective Lenses – Found on the nosepiece; usually 4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x (oil
immersion).
• Condenser Lens – Focuses light onto the specimen for better clarity.
• ILLUMINATION SYSTEM (FOR LIGHT)
• Mirror / Light Source (Illuminator) – Provides light to view the specimen.
• Diaphragm (Iris Diaphragm) – Controls the amount of light reaching the specimen.

17. SETTING UP THE MICROSCOPE
 Always set up the microscope on a stable,
flat surface.
 Ensure that the area is clean and free from
clutter.
 Position the microscope away from direct
sunlight to prevent glare.

18. SETTING UP THE MICROSCOPE
1. Plug in the microscope
2. Turn on the light source
3. Rotate nosepiece to the lowest power objective lens
4. Place the slide on the stage
5. Adjust stage clips to hold the slide
6. Look through the eyepiece
7. Use coarse focus knob to raise the stage until the specimen is clear
8. Use fine focus knob for detailed clarity
9. Adjust diaphragm for proper light
10. Switch to higher magnification if needed

19. CLEANING THE MICROSCOPE
 Use lens paper or a soft cloth to clean the lenses.
 Avoid using harsh chemicals that can damage the optics.
 Clean the stage and other surfaces with a damp cloth.

20. CLEANING THE MICROSCOPE
 Turn off and Unplug
•Always switch off the light source and unplug before cleaning.
 Remove Dust
•Use a soft brush or air blower to remove dust from the body and lenses.
 Clean Lenses
•Use only lens paper or a lint-free tissue with lens cleaning solution.
•Clean eyepiece, objective, and condenser lenses gently in circular motion.

21.  Stage & Body
•Wipe with a soft cloth slightly dampened with 70% alcohol.
•Avoid harsh chemicals.
 Oil Immersion Objective
•After use, wipe off immersion oil immediately with lens paper.
 Avoid Scratches
•Never use rough cloth, paper towels, or fingers.
 Storage
•Cover with a dust cover.
•Store in a dry, safe place.

22. HANDLING OBJECTIVES
Always rotate objectives with care to avoid
scratching the lenses.
Use the lowest power objective first to locate
specimens.
Never touch the lens with your fingers to
maintain clarity.

24. USING THE STAGE
Secure slides using stage clips to prevent movement.
Adjust the stage height carefully when focusing on specimens.
Keep the stage clean to avoid contamination of samples.

25. STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE FOR “USING THE STAGE”
•Place the Slide
•Gently position the prepared slide on the stage.
•Secure with Stage Clips
•Fix the slide in place using the clips so it doesn’t move.
•Center the Specimen
•Adjust the slide so the specimen is directly under the objective lens.
•Avoid Damage
•Never let the objective lens touch the slide while adjusting the stage

26. •Move the Slide
•Use the stage control knobs (if available) to move the slide smoothly left–right
and forward–backward.
•Adjust Stage Height
•Raise or lower the stage using the coarse focus knob to bring the specimen into
view.
•Fine Adjustments
•Use the fine focus knob for sharp clarity while observing under higher
magnification.

27. ADJUSTING LIGHT SOURCE
 Use the diaphragm or light intensity controls to adjust brightness.
 Ensure proper illumination for clear visibility of specimens.
 Avoid shining light directly into your eyes.

28. POWERING DOWN THE MICROSCOPE
 Always turn off the light source before moving
the microscope.
 Lower the stage to its lowest position when
finished.
 Cover the microscope to protect it from dust and
debris.

29. TRANSPORTING THE MICROSCOPE
 Hold the base with one hand and support
the arm with the other.
 Avoid carrying the microscope by the
eyepiece or stage.
 Ensure the microscope is secured when
transporting.

30. 1. Hold Properly:
•Always use both hands when carrying a microscope.
• One hand on the arm (the vertical support).
• One hand under the base for support.
2. Keep Upright:
•Carry the microscope upright, never tilt it sideways or upside down.
•Tilting may cause internal components or lenses to get damaged.
3. Avoid Bumping:
•Walk slowly and carefully.
•Avoid bumping into objects, edges, or doors.

31. 4. Protective Cover:
•If the microscope has a dust cover, place it on before transporting.
•This protects lenses and other sensitive parts.
5. Transporting to Another Room or Lab:
•Clear the path before moving.
•Ensure that cords or other objects are not in the way.
6. Placement:
•Place it on a stable, flat surface.

32. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE CHECKS
 Regularly check for loose screws and
tighten them as needed.
 Inspect the electrical connections and
replace bulbs when necessary.
 Schedule professional servicing for
thorough maintenance.

33. COMMON MICROSCOPE ISSUES
 Identify blurry images due to dirty lenses or
misalignment.
 Address issues with lighting by checking the
bulb and connections.
 Troubleshoot mechanical problems like
stage movement or focusing.

34. USER GUIDELINES
 Familiarize yourself with the microscope’s manual before use.
 Always follow safety protocols when handling specimens.
 Report any malfunctions immediately to avoid further damage.
 Guidelines for using a microscope (based on your previous messages),
 Guidelines for a laboratory setting, General website/app user
 guidelines, or Something else entirely?

35. EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
 Utilize online tutorials and videos for further
training.
 Attend workshops and training sessions on
microscope usage.
 Engage with peers for shared experiences
and tips.

36. CONCLUSION
Microscope is a powerful tool for studying tiny objects invisible to the naked eye.
It has revolutionized science and medicine by enabling the study of cells, tissues, and
microorganisms.
Different types of microscopes (optical, digital, electron) serve diverse purposes in research and
healthcare.
Continues to play a vital role in education, diagnosis, and scientific discovery.
Proper care and handling of microscopes enhance their functionality.
Regular maintenance is essential for accurate scientific work.
A well-cared-for microscope is a valuable asset in any laboratory.