Input and output devices are called peripherals, with reading from a peripheral defined as an input operation and writing to a peripheral defined as an output operation. Common input devices include switches, sensors like IR, fingerprint, ultrasonic and gas sensors, and cameras, while output devices include motors, LEDs, LCDs, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, hard disks, and flash memory. An integrated circuit on a single silicon chip called a microprocessor contains an arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and internal memory registers, and examples of microprocessor brands include Shakthi, Intel, AMD, ARM, Qualcomm Snapdragon, and Apple.

3. • Input devices and output devices are collectively called "peripherals."
• Getting an input from peripheral is Read operation
• Sending an output to peripheral is Write operation.

4. • Switches
• sensors
IR sensor
Finger print sensor
Ultrasonic sensor
Gas sensor
• Camera

5. • Motors
• LED
• LCD

6. • RAM
• ROM
• EEPROM
• Hard Disk
• Flash Memory

8. An integrated circuit contained on a single silicon chip, a
microprocessor contains the arithmetic logic unit, control unit and
internal memory registers

9. • Shakthi Processor
• INTEL
• AMD
• ARM
• Qualcomm Snapdragon
• APPLE

11. CPU ROM RAM
I/O
A single chip
Subsystems:
Timers, Counters, Analog
Interfaces, I/O interfaces
Memory

14. HEXA TO BINARY
A145
1010 0001 0100 0101

15. B286