1. WORKSHOP A ECONOMIA DO HIDROGÉNIO UM DESAFIO PARA PORTUGAL ÁREA TEMÁTICA: MICRO(CO)GERAÇÃO CAMPOS RODRIGUES VIMEIRO, 17 DE NOVEMBRO

2. MICRO(CO)GERAÇÃO H2 H2 (ER?)‏ GN PAFC PEM PEMHT CONSUMIDOR E E T T MCFC SOFC Resid. 1-5 KW Urba. 100KW - 1 MW Rede 100MW FC Ref FC

3. MICROGERAÇÃO Tokyo Gas 1

4. MICROGERAÇÃO Integral-type fuel treatment system Specifications • Capacity:1 kW class • Integrate the vapor generator, the vapor reforming device, the CO transformer and the CO remover. • Heat efficiency: 90% (HHV standard) • Size:18.8L (200mm x 600mmH) (Heat insulators included) • Reforming gas composition (In rating output) • Hydrogen: 75% (Dry base) • CO: 7ppm Tokyo Gas 2

5. MICROGERAÇÃO Tokyo Gas 3 Thermal treatment technology and heat & electricity utilization technology

6. MICROGERAÇÃO Tokyo Gas 4 Long-awaited Launch of Residential Fuel Cell co-generation System ! Made by EBARA BALLARD Corp. Made by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,Ltd.

7. MICROGERAÇÃO Tokyo Gas 5 Product Overview By the end of fiscal 2005 Tokyo Gas plans to make 200 limited-edition systems available to households. With annual sales anticipated to reach several thousand to well over 10,000, Tokyo Gas is aiming for widespread use of their revolutionary new product from fiscal 2008. 200 liters Hot water storage capacity Over 40% ( HHV )‏ Heat recovery efficiency Over 31% ( HHV )‏ Generation efficiency 1kW Generation capacity Performance

8. MICROGERAÇÃO

9. • User voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 V AC / 60 Hz or 230 V AC / 50 Hz 48 V DC - Battery charger mode 48 VDC • Output sinusoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THD1 < 5% with resistive load • Electrical protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . surge protection and short circuit • Sound pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 dba at 1 meter • Weight w / o storage . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 kg • Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 x 170 x 210 cm • Maximum power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instantaneous • Storage temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55°C to +70°C • Operating temperature . . . . . . . . . . . -20°C to +45°C • Maximum altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to 3 000 meters operating MICROGERAÇÃO

10. MICROGERAÇÃO FEBUSS Fuel cell Energy systems standardized for large transport, BUSes and Stationary applications Objectives The FEBUSS project (a 5 year program launched in 2002) relates to the development of a 100 kW fuel cell hydrogen powered system , standardized for urban transport systems and to stationary applications . To guarantee a level playing-field in the two markets, the system design will incorporate a mass production objective at a cost of €300/kW. Furthermore, to improve ease of maintenance, reliability and performance, the following are also to be built into the project: · an innovative stack (cell core) · a fluid distribution design · new design auxiliaries · performance from 0.6 V at 0.6 A / cm²

11. MICROGERAÇÃO Rolls-Royce Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell System for megawatt scale stationary power generation Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell is the best for stationary power generation applications while retaining the capability of being developed subsequently for various transportation, military and marine applications.

12. MICROGERAÇÃO Rolls-Royce

13. MICROGERAÇÃO Rolls-Royce Teste de protótipo (250 KW) em curso 2009/10 Pré serie de 100 unidades (1MW)‏ 2012 - entrada no mercado PREÇO OBJECTIVO 2500€/ KW Life Time – 40,000 h € /Kwh (amort): 6,125 cents Ef. Energética (E+T) > 70%

14. MICROGERAÇÃO PROJECTOS NACIONAIS SOFC- INEGI- 5 KW- Accumetrics (GN)‏ AGNI- Gás de Aterro (PEM?)‏ Feira - Aquecimento de Piscinas (Self Energy/ AGNI) (PEM? GN?)

15. Goal: Commercially competitive Fuel Cells for CHP and Power Generation; > 1 GW capacity in operation by 2015 80,000 1-10kW units in residential use, 2,600 10kw-1MW units in industrial use 50 units of 1MW MICROGERAÇÃO HTP UE Fuel Cells for CHP and Power Generation

16. MICROGERAÇÃO HTP UE The overall resource requirement for IDA 3 has been estimated at €2853 million: € 1394 million is for SOFC, € 706 million for PEMFC, € 728 million for MCFC € 25 million for supporting activities. 25% on research and development 74% on demonstration activities.

17. MICROGERAÇÃO HTP UE Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU)‏ ANNUAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 2008 Adopted by the FCH JU Governing Board on 6 October 2008 Stationary Power Generation & Combined Heat and Power (CHP)‏ The research objectives of this application area are designed to reflect the main needs of the three principal fuel cell technologies, i.e. MCFC, PEMFC and SOFC. The programme aims to achieve the principal technical and economic requirements needed to compete with existing energy conversion technologies, such as high electrical efficiencies of 45%+ for power units and of 80%+ for CHP combined with lower emissions and use of nonhydrocarbon fuels. Focussed efforts are required to address lifetime requirements of 40,000 hours

18. MICROGERAÇÃO Vida útil > 40,000 h Preço Kwh < 0.2€ Viabilidade de cogeração Questões:

19. MICROGERAÇÃO Competitividade Produção de 40000 Kwh valor equivalente: 6k€/ 10k€ 1Kw valor esperado < 1k€ 40000m3 NH2/ 4 ton NH2 por a 8 K€ 1m3 ............0.2€ (1Kg- 2€) objectivo de competitividade Nichos: Locais Isolados / Back-up Renováveis Mercado MP: Energia Distribuida - Rede de GN alternativa Rede eléctrica TEC. EMERGENTES: SOFC, PEMHT