This document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and provides the following key points in 3 sentences: 1) IoT involves connecting physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity which allows these devices to collect and exchange data. 2) The number of connected devices is growing rapidly and estimated to reach 50 billion devices connected to the internet by 2020, enabling new applications across various sectors such as transportation, healthcare, and smart homes. 3) While IoT provides opportunities to increase productivity, generate new revenue streams, and reduce costs, it also presents sustainability challenges around recycling electronic waste, powering billions of devices, and reducing energy wasted from unused connected devices.

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Facts about the Internet of Things
The majority of people (87%)
have not heard of the term
‘Internet of Things’
Accenture
Connections PeopleThings
This year, we will have 4.9
billion things connected
to the internet
Gartner
By 2020, the number of
Internet-connected things
will reach 50 billion
Cisco

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What exactly is the Internet of Things?
Internet of Things is driven by a combination of 3 entities
Our world slowly but surely
becomes a digital nervous system
full of sensors...
Connectivity People &
processes
Sensors
the analog sensor in- & outputs
are digitized and placed onto
networks (.io)...
and integrated in processes to
make better decisions, even
autonomously

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Sensors &
actuators
Location data using GPS sensors
Eyes and ears using cameras and
microphones
Sensors that can measure everything
from temperature to pressure changes
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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Connectivity
The sensor in & outputs are digitized
and placed onto networks (.io)
Lots of small data packages are
transmitted
New types of WAN networks are
needed: Long Range Low Battery
power networks like LoRa, Sigfox, etc
New types of PAN networks are
needed: Zigbee, Z-wave, BLE, etc
New internet protocols needed:
MQTT, CoAP, etc
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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People &
processes
Two-way communication systems
that integrate data, people,
processes and systems
for better decision making
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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The interactions between these entities are creating new
types of smart applications and services
Starting with popular connected devices already on the market
Sensors, Connectivity,People & processes
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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and quickly
advancing to
diverse
applications
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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Things get
interesting
when connected
devices start
creating compound
applications within
their own verticals
and across
industries
Source: Postscapes and Harbor Research

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Example Transport & Smart Cities

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Example Healthcare & Smart Home

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$0,5
trillion
Big Data
2015
$125 billion
Internet of
Things
2025
The impact of IoT applications
Wearables
2025
$70 billion
Mobile apps
2016
$77 billion
Cloud Computing
2018
$205 billion
* McKinsey reports 2010 - 2015
x10

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IoT impact
By 2020, IoT will impact close to 6%
of the $100T global economy
ATKearney
Direct increase in output per
unit of cost, enabled by IoT
and reinvested in productive
assets and activities
Productivity
improvements
$1.7T
Revenue
redistributed
$3.4T
Value to end
customers
$164B
Revenues directly
attributable to sale of
IoT hardware, software,
and services
Direct reduction in
costs driven by IoT
and realized by end
customers
Additional
IoT
revenues
$370B
Revenues realized within the world
economy that will potentially move
from one player to another with no
net increase in total economy

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Currently less than 0.1%
of all the devices that could be
connected to the Internet,
are connected to the Internet

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IOT & Sustainability
End of life household appliances and consumer electronics, still have a recycling
value of $390B each year. IoT active & passive tracking can recapture $56B
Project Mainstream: Ellen MacArthur Foundation, McKinsey
The world cannot supply enough batteries for 50 billion devices. We will need
new ways to power devices. For example the heating of a seat can power a device
Jan-Willem Smeenk M2M4ALL
To rebuild healthcare in a sustainable way it has to be rebuilt from the ground
moving the “point of care” from costly hospitals to the patient’s home.
“Individualised care” is coming and IoT will play a big role in it.
Fjord trends report 2016
Your house has 20 devices that are constantly working, and there is no need to.
About 10% of household electricity is wasted this way.
http://standby.lbl.gov/summary-table.html

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