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The Texas insurrection occurred due to underlying political, economic, and social factors between Mexican settlers, Tejanos, Anglo immigrants, and the Mexican government. Anglo settlers in Texas wanted more autonomy from the distant and weak Mexican government, while the Tejanos and Mexicans wished to maintain ties to Mexico. Leaders like Santa Ana shifted Mexico between various forms of centralized and decentralized governance. The insurrection ultimately saw Anglo settlers and some Tejanos revolt against Mexican rule in Texas and establish an independent Texas republic with its own economic and political goals separate from Mexico.
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Lecture about identityWell, I’ll let you keep thinking about t.docx
Lecture about identity
Well, I’ll let you keep thinking about this, meanwhile, let me tell you how I’ve come to understand it:
The last first: the term latino refers to people from LATIN AMERICA. not to french or italian or any other persons of "Latin" language extraction, regardless of what anyone says. The reason i mention this is because i personally have come across situations where people from one or another of these European countries try to claim they are "Latino" just to take advantage of resources dedicated to the Latino community. The term itself did not come into popular usage until the 1990's, but it originated from French Emperor Napoleon III's attempts to carve out a French empire in the Americas in the mid 19th century. Part of these efforts were the imposition of Austrian Archduke Maximillian as Emperor of Mexico which would lead to the War of the Reform in Mexico. It was Napoleon who coined the term “Latin America”to refer to the planned expansion of France into the western hemisphere. And slowly but surely, since then all of the countries south of Tijuana came to be referred to collectively as Latin America, and the peoples of these countries came to be referred to as Latinos. The word Latin in truth refers to a language, the language of the Romans, to be specific. Rome is in Italy. And all of the languages that evolved from Latin are known as the Romance languages, or Latin-based. That is why some Europeans try to take advantage of the term for their own purposes, even though it is erroneous.
The usage of the term Hispanic to refer to these same groups originated in the United States. Back in the 1960’s this term was defined as meaning “of or from Spain.” Part of it comes from the efforts by organizations like League of United Latin American Citizens as far back as the 1930’s. At that time, due to the intense anti-Mexican racism and discrimination that existed (and still exists, although not as blatant), many organizations and individuals resisted being called Mexican. They were either Spanish surnamed, Spanish Speaking, Latin American, or just plain Spanish. Keep in mind that at that time, the overwhelming majority of “Latinos” in the United States were Mexican, there were very few Central, or South Americans, or Caribbean Americans. Yet many chose to call themselves anything but Mexican, because here in the United States the term had been given a very negative connotation. Mexicans were considered dirty, criminals, racially and culturally inferior, and many other things. One way in which some of these organizations sought to fight the negative stereotypes was to encourage Mexicans in the United States to assimilate into US culture and society. Americanization classes, US History, Constitution, government, English, etc. The implication was that we were treated bad and discriminated against because we held on to things that served no purpose in the US, language, culture, etc. These things were seen as backward. Another pa ...
This section covers the earliest history of the Mexican peoples focu.docx
This section covers the earliest history of the Mexican peoples focusing on the diverse
groups of the Mexico prior to all European influence. Of the many groups and time periods
available we will focus on those groups that stem from Aztlán with special attention given to the
Mexica and their rise to power of the diverse people of Mexico. The Mexican people offer us a
unique lens to examine diversity in the US. Through this people of we will trace the movements
of Mexican people before and through Spanish Conquest and examine their incentives and
strategies for cultural survival in a time of attempted cultural genocide. In this first section we
will uncover Mexican cultural mythology and trace a history rarely acknowledged in the
Americas. This section of the course will end in the time of Benito Juarez c.1860 and will have
covered colonial Mexico under Spain and Mexican Independence. In your journal, compare and contrast the slavery of Negros in the US to the free labor of Native
Americans of California. Use the Benjamin Madley Text and other outside sources to complete this assignment of 5 to 8 paragraphs (No less than 900 words) w/ Work Cited Page of at least 2 additional outside academic sources.
...
Study GuideMidterm #2Week 6 February 28 & March 1 - U.S..docx
Study Guide
Midterm #2
Week 6: February 28 & March 1 - U.S. Encroachment into Mexico
Gonzalez, Chapter 5 “Mexicans: Pioneers of a Different Type” (96-107)
The author, Juan Gonzalez, in this chapter describes the history of Mexican Americans in the U.S. Southwest from the 1820s to the 1960s. He did this primarily through the life experiences of the Canales family in Texas. Be familiar with this history (e.g., loss of land, lynchings), and be able to write at least 3 paragraphs on what Gonzalez wrote about Mexican Americans.
Martinez, “Mexican Independence and U.S. Invasion” (22-50)
In this section of the book, Martinez presents an array of information Mexico/U.S. relations during the mid to late 1800s. Take general notes on this historical period. Again as with Gonzalez’ chapter, have enough information to write at least 3 paragraphs.
Lecture:
1. According to Barrera, what were the three key developments influencing the social, political and economic status of Chicanos in the Southwest during the Nineteenth Century?
2. Barrera presents six explanations for U.S. expansion into the Southwest and for the Mexican American War. How many different explanations did you find in this chapter?
a. What reasons do each of these 6 explanations offer for U.S. expansion?
b. What are the strengths and weaknesses of each of these explanations?
3. When did Mexico win its independence from Spain?
4. Compare the various means by which land was transferred in California to how it was transferred in New Mexico and Texas. In other words, in what different ways were Chicanos displaced from the land?
Week 7 - March 7 & 9 - 20th Century: Mexican Revolution and Chicana/Mexicana Labor Activism inthe U.S.
Martinez, 500 Years of Chicano History,
a) La Revolution Mexicana, 51-72
Conduct research on 3 individuals or events or places mentioned in this section of the book. Take notes on each and cite your sources. Only on can be from Wikipedia.
b) Labor Activism, 92-112
For this section of the book. do your research on 2 individuals or historically significant incidents. As with the previous section, take notes and cite your source.
Del Castillo, Between Borders: Essays on Mexicana/Chicana History:
a) Calderon & Zamora, “Manuela Solis Sager and Emma B. Tenayuca: A Tribute”
b) Ruiz, “A Promise Fulfilled: Mexican Cannery Workers in Southern California”
1. Both of these articles focus on the labor activism of Mexican/Chicana women during the 1930s and 1940s. The first article, by Calderon and Zamora, concentrates largely on the stories of two labor activists. Explain who these women were and their accomplishments.
2. In the chapter written by Ruiz in what industry did the women organize? How did the women organize or mobilize and what did they do to create better working conditions? Lastly, what led to the success of the union and its eventual demise? Know some of the names of the women who he ...
The Government System of Mexico
1. Mexico has a long history dating back over 12,000 years. It was home to many ancient civilizations like the Olmecs, Mayans, and Aztecs.
2. Spain conquered Mexico in the early 1500s and ruled it as the Viceroyalty of New Spain for over 300 years, introducing Catholicism and a racial caste system.
3. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821 after over a decade of war, becoming the United Mexican States. However, it then faced over a century of political instability, civil wars, and the loss of large amounts of territory to the United States.
Mexicanos
This document provides a summary of Mexican history from the arrival of the Spaniards in Mexico to recent trends among the Mexican population in the United States. It covers major periods and events including the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs, the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, mass Mexican immigration to the US in the early 20th century, and the rise of the Chicano movement fighting for civil rights. More recently, it discusses the growth of the Mexican population and culture in the US as well as ongoing issues around immigration and socioeconomic status.
Mexicanos
The document provides a historical overview of Mexicanos in the United States from pre-Columbian civilizations through the present day. It covers major periods and events including the Spanish conquest in the 1500s, the Mexican-American War of the 1840s which ceded Mexican territory to the US, waves of Mexican immigration in the early 1900s and again starting in the 1960s, the development of the Chicano movement in the 1960s-70s advocating for civil rights, and recent debates around immigration and the growing influence of Mexican culture in the US. The document traces the integration and adaptation of Mexican culture over time as the population increased and dispersed throughout the US.
Assignment 9 part 1
This document provides a summary of the book "Mexicanos: A History of Mexicans in the United States" by Miryam Hernandez. The book covers Mexican history from the early 1500s when Spanish explorers first arrived in North America through the late 1900s. It discusses the Spanish conquest of Mexico, Mexican settlement of the American Southwest, periods of heavy Mexican immigration to the US in the late 19th/early 20th centuries, the Mexican American civil rights movement, and trends among Mexican American communities through the 1990s.
Mexicanos
This document summarizes the history of Mexico and Mexican Americans from prehistory to the present. Key events include Spanish conquest in the 15th-16th centuries led by figures like Christopher Columbus and Hernan Cortes; Mexican independence from Spain in 1821; the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and subsequent Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; the Mexican Revolution from 1910-1920; large waves of Mexican immigration to the U.S. in the early 20th century; and the Chicano civil rights movement of the 1960s-70s advocating for equality and cultural pride. It examines the experiences of Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans over time through wars, economic difficulties, discrimination, and empowerment movements
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The last first: the term latino refers to people from LATIN AMERICA. not to french or italian or any other persons of "Latin" language extraction, regardless of what anyone says. The reason i mention this is because i personally have come across situations where people from one or another of these European countries try to claim they are "Latino" just to take advantage of resources dedicated to the Latino community. The term itself did not come into popular usage until the 1990's, but it originated from French Emperor Napoleon III's attempts to carve out a French empire in the Americas in the mid 19th century. Part of these efforts were the imposition of Austrian Archduke Maximillian as Emperor of Mexico which would lead to the War of the Reform in Mexico. It was Napoleon who coined the term “Latin America”to refer to the planned expansion of France into the western hemisphere. And slowly but surely, since then all of the countries south of Tijuana came to be referred to collectively as Latin America, and the peoples of these countries came to be referred to as Latinos. The word Latin in truth refers to a language, the language of the Romans, to be specific. Rome is in Italy. And all of the languages that evolved from Latin are known as the Romance languages, or Latin-based. That is why some Europeans try to take advantage of the term for their own purposes, even though it is erroneous.
The usage of the term Hispanic to refer to these same groups originated in the United States. Back in the 1960’s this term was defined as meaning “of or from Spain.” Part of it comes from the efforts by organizations like League of United Latin American Citizens as far back as the 1930’s. At that time, due to the intense anti-Mexican racism and discrimination that existed (and still exists, although not as blatant), many organizations and individuals resisted being called Mexican. They were either Spanish surnamed, Spanish Speaking, Latin American, or just plain Spanish. Keep in mind that at that time, the overwhelming majority of “Latinos” in the United States were Mexican, there were very few Central, or South Americans, or Caribbean Americans. Yet many chose to call themselves anything but Mexican, because here in the United States the term had been given a very negative connotation. Mexicans were considered dirty, criminals, racially and culturally inferior, and many other things. One way in which some of these organizations sought to fight the negative stereotypes was to encourage Mexicans in the United States to assimilate into US culture and society. Americanization classes, US History, Constitution, government, English, etc. The implication was that we were treated bad and discriminated against because we held on to things that served no purpose in the US, language, culture, etc. These things were seen as backward. Another pa ...
This section covers the earliest history of the Mexican peoples focu.docx
This section covers the earliest history of the Mexican peoples focusing on the diverse
groups of the Mexico prior to all European influence. Of the many groups and time periods
available we will focus on those groups that stem from Aztlán with special attention given to the
Mexica and their rise to power of the diverse people of Mexico. The Mexican people offer us a
unique lens to examine diversity in the US. Through this people of we will trace the movements
of Mexican people before and through Spanish Conquest and examine their incentives and
strategies for cultural survival in a time of attempted cultural genocide. In this first section we
will uncover Mexican cultural mythology and trace a history rarely acknowledged in the
Americas. This section of the course will end in the time of Benito Juarez c.1860 and will have
covered colonial Mexico under Spain and Mexican Independence. In your journal, compare and contrast the slavery of Negros in the US to the free labor of Native
Americans of California. Use the Benjamin Madley Text and other outside sources to complete this assignment of 5 to 8 paragraphs (No less than 900 words) w/ Work Cited Page of at least 2 additional outside academic sources.
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Study GuideMidterm #2Week 6 February 28 & March 1 - U.S..docx
Study Guide
Midterm #2
Week 6: February 28 & March 1 - U.S. Encroachment into Mexico
Gonzalez, Chapter 5 “Mexicans: Pioneers of a Different Type” (96-107)
The author, Juan Gonzalez, in this chapter describes the history of Mexican Americans in the U.S. Southwest from the 1820s to the 1960s. He did this primarily through the life experiences of the Canales family in Texas. Be familiar with this history (e.g., loss of land, lynchings), and be able to write at least 3 paragraphs on what Gonzalez wrote about Mexican Americans.
Martinez, “Mexican Independence and U.S. Invasion” (22-50)
In this section of the book, Martinez presents an array of information Mexico/U.S. relations during the mid to late 1800s. Take general notes on this historical period. Again as with Gonzalez’ chapter, have enough information to write at least 3 paragraphs.
Lecture:
1. According to Barrera, what were the three key developments influencing the social, political and economic status of Chicanos in the Southwest during the Nineteenth Century?
2. Barrera presents six explanations for U.S. expansion into the Southwest and for the Mexican American War. How many different explanations did you find in this chapter?
a. What reasons do each of these 6 explanations offer for U.S. expansion?
b. What are the strengths and weaknesses of each of these explanations?
3. When did Mexico win its independence from Spain?
4. Compare the various means by which land was transferred in California to how it was transferred in New Mexico and Texas. In other words, in what different ways were Chicanos displaced from the land?
Week 7 - March 7 & 9 - 20th Century: Mexican Revolution and Chicana/Mexicana Labor Activism inthe U.S.
Martinez, 500 Years of Chicano History,
a) La Revolution Mexicana, 51-72
Conduct research on 3 individuals or events or places mentioned in this section of the book. Take notes on each and cite your sources. Only on can be from Wikipedia.
b) Labor Activism, 92-112
For this section of the book. do your research on 2 individuals or historically significant incidents. As with the previous section, take notes and cite your source.
Del Castillo, Between Borders: Essays on Mexicana/Chicana History:
a) Calderon & Zamora, “Manuela Solis Sager and Emma B. Tenayuca: A Tribute”
b) Ruiz, “A Promise Fulfilled: Mexican Cannery Workers in Southern California”
1. Both of these articles focus on the labor activism of Mexican/Chicana women during the 1930s and 1940s. The first article, by Calderon and Zamora, concentrates largely on the stories of two labor activists. Explain who these women were and their accomplishments.
2. In the chapter written by Ruiz in what industry did the women organize? How did the women organize or mobilize and what did they do to create better working conditions? Lastly, what led to the success of the union and its eventual demise? Know some of the names of the women who he ...
The Government System of Mexico
1. Mexico has a long history dating back over 12,000 years. It was home to many ancient civilizations like the Olmecs, Mayans, and Aztecs.
2. Spain conquered Mexico in the early 1500s and ruled it as the Viceroyalty of New Spain for over 300 years, introducing Catholicism and a racial caste system.
3. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821 after over a decade of war, becoming the United Mexican States. However, it then faced over a century of political instability, civil wars, and the loss of large amounts of territory to the United States.
Mexicanos
This document provides a summary of Mexican history from the arrival of the Spaniards in Mexico to recent trends among the Mexican population in the United States. It covers major periods and events including the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs, the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, mass Mexican immigration to the US in the early 20th century, and the rise of the Chicano movement fighting for civil rights. More recently, it discusses the growth of the Mexican population and culture in the US as well as ongoing issues around immigration and socioeconomic status.
Mexicanos
The document provides a historical overview of Mexicanos in the United States from pre-Columbian civilizations through the present day. It covers major periods and events including the Spanish conquest in the 1500s, the Mexican-American War of the 1840s which ceded Mexican territory to the US, waves of Mexican immigration in the early 1900s and again starting in the 1960s, the development of the Chicano movement in the 1960s-70s advocating for civil rights, and recent debates around immigration and the growing influence of Mexican culture in the US. The document traces the integration and adaptation of Mexican culture over time as the population increased and dispersed throughout the US.
Assignment 9 part 1
This document provides a summary of the book "Mexicanos: A History of Mexicans in the United States" by Miryam Hernandez. The book covers Mexican history from the early 1500s when Spanish explorers first arrived in North America through the late 1900s. It discusses the Spanish conquest of Mexico, Mexican settlement of the American Southwest, periods of heavy Mexican immigration to the US in the late 19th/early 20th centuries, the Mexican American civil rights movement, and trends among Mexican American communities through the 1990s.
Mexicanos
This document summarizes the history of Mexico and Mexican Americans from prehistory to the present. Key events include Spanish conquest in the 15th-16th centuries led by figures like Christopher Columbus and Hernan Cortes; Mexican independence from Spain in 1821; the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and subsequent Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; the Mexican Revolution from 1910-1920; large waves of Mexican immigration to the U.S. in the early 20th century; and the Chicano civil rights movement of the 1960s-70s advocating for equality and cultural pride. It examines the experiences of Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans over time through wars, economic difficulties, discrimination, and empowerment movements
Ch 13THE IMPENDING CRISIS· LOOKING WESTWARD· EXPANSION AND W
Ch 13
THE IMPENDING CRISIS
· LOOKING WESTWARD
· EXPANSION AND WAR
· THE SECTIONAL DEBATE
· THE CRISES OF THE 1850s
LOOKING AHEAD
1. How did the annexation of western territories intensify the conflict over slavery and lead to deeper divisions between the North and the South?
2. What compromises attempted to resolve the conflicts over the expansion of slavery into new territories? To what degree were these compromises successful? Why did they eventually fail to resolve the differences between the North and the South?
3. What were the major arguments for and against slavery and its expansion into new territories?
UNTIL THE 1840s, POLITICAL TENSIONS between the North and the South remained relatively contained and, other than African American writers and clerics, few predicted that sectional tensions could ever lead the country into a civil war.
But midcentury brought a rash of explosive issues that politicians struggled—and ultimately failed—to resolve peacefully. In the North the abolitionist movement picked up steam and inspired legions of supporters, the most aggressive of whom sought to fight slavery with the sword as well as the pen. The South birthed a generation of militant pro-slavery spokesmen who brooked no compromise over a state’s right to embrace slavery and the society based on it. From the West emerged raging controversies over the political fate of the territories and whether they would enter the Union as either slave or free states. Partisans recruited sympathizers from across the nation and even took up arms to win their point.LOOKING WESTWARD
More than a million square miles of new territory came under the control of the United States during the 1840s. By the end of the decade, the nation possessed all the territory of the present-day United States except Alaska, Hawaii, and a few relatively small areas acquired later through border adjustments. Many factors accounted for this great new wave of expansion, but one of the most important was an ideology known as Manifest Destiny.
Manifest Destiny
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By the 1840s, publicized by the rise of inexpensive newspapers dubbed “penny press,” the idea of Manifest Destiny had spread throughout the nation. Some advocates of Manifest Destiny envisioned a vast new “empire of liberty” that would include Canada, Mexico, Caribbean and Pacific islands, and ultimately (for the most ardent believers) much of the rest of the world. Countering such bombast were politicians such as Henry Clay and others, who warned that territorial expansion would reopen the painful controversy over slavery. Their voices, however, could not compete with the enthusiasm over expansion in the 18 ...
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Chicano Studies 168Dr. Raúl Moreno CamposUCSB
Chicano Studies 168
Dr. Raúl Moreno Campos
UCSB
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
Readings Weeks 1: Almaguer (2018)
Readings Week 2: Ruiz (2009), introduction and chapter one.
I. Overview and central thematic preoccupations of Chicana/o History.
Understanding of what history is (inquiry)
Understanding of the interplay between structure and agency in the shaping of historical processes.
Understanding of the term “Chicana/o”, and the distinction to “Hispanic” and Latina/o”
Central structural forces that have shaped Chicana/o history
Central themes in Chicana/o history
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
II. The Mexican American War of 1846-1848
Background of the Spanish Empire and the “first colonization”
Understand the centrality of racial difference to Spanish colonial administration and society
Understand the concepts of limpieza de sangre, castas, and mestizaje in the context of colonial Mexico
Background of U.S. imperialist expansion and the economic, political, and ideological reasons behind the war of 1846-1848 with Mexico.
The “second colonization” and the origins of Chicano peoples.
Understand the concepts of race and racialization.
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
IIIII. The Legacies of the War
Economic, political, and social marginalization
The creation of early Chicana/o communities
Agenda
Chicano Studies and Chicano History: Central Thematic Preoccupations
Racial Fault Lines: Conquest, Colonization, and the making of Chicanos in the U.S. Southwest
The Legacies of 1848
I.
Basic Framing
History (Gr. historia “ a learning or knowing by inquiry”- generally entailed an account of one’s inquiries, record, narrative. Derived from historein “inquiry” )
Sense of narrative record and relation of past events.
Entails
1) Process of examination into past events and the narrative of a record
“The archive”- vast array of documents, artifacts, oral narratives, etc. that comprise a record
2) Understanding of change and continuity over time
I.
3) Structure and Agency
“[Human beings] make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted form the past.” – Karl Marx
Agency- volition and the power to think and act independently and freely in order to shape experience and life history
Structure- set of existing complex of social relations, forces, and institutions that synergistically shape (or limit, constraint) thought, behavior, choices, and overall life histories of people
I.
The central task of narration, as storytelling, is a principal component of how we make sense of the world around us.
Implies relations of power and interests involved in the creation of disciplines as ordered bodies of knowledge
Eminently political
At the outset, therefore, we must ask: if we are concerned with Chicano history, what then is the task at hand?
1) Who are the Chican ...
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Ch 13THE IMPENDING CRISIS· LOOKING WESTWARD· EXPANSION AND W
Ch 13
THE IMPENDING CRISIS
· LOOKING WESTWARD
· EXPANSION AND WAR
· THE SECTIONAL DEBATE
· THE CRISES OF THE 1850s
LOOKING AHEAD
1. How did the annexation of western territories intensify the conflict over slavery and lead to deeper divisions between the North and the South?
2. What compromises attempted to resolve the conflicts over the expansion of slavery into new territories? To what degree were these compromises successful? Why did they eventually fail to resolve the differences between the North and the South?
3. What were the major arguments for and against slavery and its expansion into new territories?
UNTIL THE 1840s, POLITICAL TENSIONS between the North and the South remained relatively contained and, other than African American writers and clerics, few predicted that sectional tensions could ever lead the country into a civil war.
But midcentury brought a rash of explosive issues that politicians struggled—and ultimately failed—to resolve peacefully. In the North the abolitionist movement picked up steam and inspired legions of supporters, the most aggressive of whom sought to fight slavery with the sword as well as the pen. The South birthed a generation of militant pro-slavery spokesmen who brooked no compromise over a state’s right to embrace slavery and the society based on it. From the West emerged raging controversies over the political fate of the territories and whether they would enter the Union as either slave or free states. Partisans recruited sympathizers from across the nation and even took up arms to win their point.LOOKING WESTWARD
More than a million square miles of new territory came under the control of the United States during the 1840s. By the end of the decade, the nation possessed all the territory of the present-day United States except Alaska, Hawaii, and a few relatively small areas acquired later through border adjustments. Many factors accounted for this great new wave of expansion, but one of the most important was an ideology known as Manifest Destiny.
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny reflected both the growing pride that characterized American nationalism in the mid-nineteenth century and the idealistic vision of social perfection that fueled so much of the reform energy of the time. It rested on the idea that America was destined—by God and by history—to expand its boundaries over a vast area.
By the 1840s, publicized by the rise of inexpensive newspapers dubbed “penny press,” the idea of Manifest Destiny had spread throughout the nation. Some advocates of Manifest Destiny envisioned a vast new “empire of liberty” that would include Canada, Mexico, Caribbean and Pacific islands, and ultimately (for the most ardent believers) much of the rest of the world. Countering such bombast were politicians such as Henry Clay and others, who warned that territorial expansion would reopen the painful controversy over slavery. Their voices, however, could not compete with the enthusiasm over expansion in the 18 ...
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Chicano Studies 168Dr. Raúl Moreno CamposUCSB
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UCSB
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
Readings Weeks 1: Almaguer (2018)
Readings Week 2: Ruiz (2009), introduction and chapter one.
I. Overview and central thematic preoccupations of Chicana/o History.
Understanding of what history is (inquiry)
Understanding of the interplay between structure and agency in the shaping of historical processes.
Understanding of the term “Chicana/o”, and the distinction to “Hispanic” and Latina/o”
Central structural forces that have shaped Chicana/o history
Central themes in Chicana/o history
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
II. The Mexican American War of 1846-1848
Background of the Spanish Empire and the “first colonization”
Understand the centrality of racial difference to Spanish colonial administration and society
Understand the concepts of limpieza de sangre, castas, and mestizaje in the context of colonial Mexico
Background of U.S. imperialist expansion and the economic, political, and ideological reasons behind the war of 1846-1848 with Mexico.
The “second colonization” and the origins of Chicano peoples.
Understand the concepts of race and racialization.
Student Learning Objectives (Weeks 1-2)
IIIII. The Legacies of the War
Economic, political, and social marginalization
The creation of early Chicana/o communities
Agenda
Chicano Studies and Chicano History: Central Thematic Preoccupations
Racial Fault Lines: Conquest, Colonization, and the making of Chicanos in the U.S. Southwest
The Legacies of 1848
I.
Basic Framing
History (Gr. historia “ a learning or knowing by inquiry”- generally entailed an account of one’s inquiries, record, narrative. Derived from historein “inquiry” )
Sense of narrative record and relation of past events.
Entails
1) Process of examination into past events and the narrative of a record
“The archive”- vast array of documents, artifacts, oral narratives, etc. that comprise a record
2) Understanding of change and continuity over time
I.
3) Structure and Agency
“[Human beings] make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted form the past.” – Karl Marx
Agency- volition and the power to think and act independently and freely in order to shape experience and life history
Structure- set of existing complex of social relations, forces, and institutions that synergistically shape (or limit, constraint) thought, behavior, choices, and overall life histories of people
I.
The central task of narration, as storytelling, is a principal component of how we make sense of the world around us.
Implies relations of power and interests involved in the creation of disciplines as ordered bodies of knowledge
Eminently political
At the outset, therefore, we must ask: if we are concerned with Chicano history, what then is the task at hand?
1) Who are the Chican ...
Indigenous Revolts in Chiapas and the Andean Highlands
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