The document discusses the impact of the French Revolution on education and democracy. It notes that while the Revolution was a turbulent period, the leaders were concerned with education reform. The nobility and clergy had called for improvements to the educational system. The Convention later established a Committee of Public Instruction to reorganize education. Revolutionary ideals were applied to education as well. Democratic problems prior to the Revolution included a lack of individual voting rights and freedom of expression. The Revolution brought changes like separation of powers and equal rights under the law. Education reforms centralized the system and aimed to provide schooling for more than just the elite.

1. On The Basis Of Education & Democracy

2. Slide 1 – The French Revolution
Slide 2–Educational problems in French society till revolution
Slide 3 - Educational reforms
Slide 4 – Conclusion……..
Slide 5 – Democratic problems in French society till revolution
Slide 6- Democratic changes
Slide 7– Conclusion......
Slide 8 – Photo gallery

3. The period of the French Revolution (1789-1799) is not noted for its stability, either of
policy or of government, and it may be a surprise to the average reader that this period
dealt with education at all. While most literature concentrates on the activities
surrounding foreign policy and internal conflicts, the fact is that the leaders of the
Revolution were very concerned with education. This was seen early in the
Revolutionary period, in the cahiers that had been requested by Louis XVI. These
cahiers consisted of grievances and/or suggestions for improvement. While the cahiers
of the third estate (workers and peasants) seldom mentioned education, those of the first
and second estates (clergy, nobility) often called for improvements in the educational
system. Later, in 1793, the Convention established the Committee of Public Instruction,
and charged it with reordering education in France. It is not surprising that the
destructive tendencies of the other components of the Revolution were carried out in
education as well. That which existed had to go, simply because it had existed before
the Revolution.

4.  Second estates (clergy, nobility) often called for
improvements in the educational system.
 While education was not mentioned in the Declaration
of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
 First, the system of education being developed was
very centralized.
 Most of the education provided was religious in
nature.
 The education was provided to very tiny elite.
 In order to get taught one had to get the permission of
the bishop.

5.  After the revolution the action soon followed with the decree
that teacher training was now the top educational priority.
 The curriculum for these school centrals consisted of
literature, languages, science, and the arts. The decree
establishing the echoless centrals also provided that
 The age-range of the pupils will be from eleven or twelve to
seventeen or eighteen every school is to have one
professor for each
 The teaching throughout will be in French. Every month
there is to be a public lecture dealing with the latest
advances in science and the useful arts. Every central
school is to have attached to it a public library, a garden and
a natural history collection, as well as a collection of
scientific apparatus and of machines and models relating to
arts and crafts.
 There were also some independent schools known as
institutes, which were more or less the equivalent of the

6. As stated earlier, the purpose of
education went beyond the need for an
educated elite. In spite of all that has been
recounted here, by the end of the 18th
century the position of public education in
France especially that of the central schools
was weaker than one might have expected.
Numerous problems existed, including a
shortage of qualified teachers and, more
importantly, a shortage of qualified
students.

7.  It isclearthatthenewsystemof educationintroducedby Napoleonhadmorethanonepurpose.It was
intended,of course,to providean educatedelitethatcouldhelprunthecountryandthemilitary.It wasalso
designedto provideforanincreasedmiddleclass;a middleclassthatwouldbe successfulandhencenon-
revolutionary.
 It wasa continuously slowstepby stepchange. At lastit wassuccessful.
 ThebestthingwaswhatNapoleondeclared:
 Of allourinstitutionspubliceducationisthemostimportant.Everythingdependsonit,thepresentandthe
future. It isessentialthatthemoralsandpoliticalideasof the generationwhichisnowgrowingup shouldno
longerbe dependentuponthenewsof the dayor thecircumstancesof themoment. Aboveallwemustsecure
unity:wemustbe ableto casta wholegenerationinthesamemould.

8. 1. People were derived from the rights of equality, liberty ,and
fraternity.
2. People cannot cast their vote individually ,i.e. each estate
had one vote.
3. Their was monarchy prevailing.
4. People cannot express their views .
5. The citizens had no right to say in the decisions.
6. They cannot question the decision makers.
7. The order given by the king had to follow.

9. Some of the democratic changes brought by French Revolution are ;-
 The most important change was that , one man has one vote .
 Separation of power within the members of Government , i.e. power
shall be divided among judiciary, executive &legislature.
 Right to enjoy the basic privileges of livelihood.
 Right to life .
 Right to freedom of expressions.
 End of censorship over articles , news headlines , pamphlets etc.
 Equality before law .
 Women were able to vote.

10.  The notion of individual
human rights
 A new type of
government in which
the people are sovereign
 The importance of a
representative assembly
 The importance of a
written constitution
 The notion of self-
determination
 Freedom to accumulate
property

11. So, through French Revolution the idea of freedom ,
abolition of monarchy was spread. Changes in society
were brought in terms of social , political and
economical policies. Gaining equality ,liberty , and
fraternity was their aim in which they succeeded
through a long yet active procedures. We owe them for
the path they showed us in rights of men , women and
citizen…..

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