Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system with a diameter of about 3,032 miles. It has almost no atmosphere and its surface is characterized by impact craters, ridges, and volcanic plains. Mercury has no rings but has one moon named Phobos. A day on Mercury lasts about 58 Earth days and a year lasts about 88 Earth days. Gravity on the surface is about 38% of Earth's. Mercury was discovered by astronomers in ancient times and studied more recently by spacecraft like Mariner 10 which orbited and imaged the planet in the 1970s.