Forensic handwriting examination has a new frontier the digital signature in biometric modality that uses, for recognition purposes, the anatomic and behavioral characteristics that an individual exhibit when signing her his name. Data such as the dynamically captured direction, stroke, distance, size, pressure and shape of an individual's signature enable handwriting to be a reliable indicator of an indivudul's identity. "Namirial" is an Italian company that created a biometric signature system named "GrafoCerta" sure signature that has a forensic sector particularly suitable for research. In this paper the researcher will try to explain the different characteristics of handwriting examination and examination of questioned document. Dr. Theju Kumar C "Medico Legal Importance of Questioned Documents in Crime Investigation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31013.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/31013/medico-legal-importance-of-questioned-documents-in-crime-investigation/dr-theju-kumar-c
Document examiners analyze questioned documents through years of training to recognize individual handwriting characteristics. No two individuals write exactly alike due to unique factors like letter style, spacing, and writing skill. Examiners compare a sufficient number of these characteristics between known and questioned samples to determine authorship, though no single factor is definitive on its own. Proper collection of known writing exemplars is critical for the examination outcome.
Questioned document analysis examines physical evidence from documents like handwriting, typewriting, photocopies, and ink to determine authenticity or identify forgeries. Characteristics like defects in typewriter parts or marks from printer components can be matched between documents. Security features in currency and documents include microprinting, security threads, and special inks. Forgeries are categorized as traced, simulated, freehand, or lifted depending on the method used. Handwriting analysis examines unique writing habits and patterns to determine authorship.
This document discusses techniques for examining questioned documents. It notes that no two individuals write exactly alike due to unique handwriting characteristics. Adequate known writing samples, or exemplars, that contain words and letters from the questioned document are needed for comparison. Typewriters and printers can sometimes be identified by make and model by comparing characteristics. Alterations like different inks, erasures, and obliterations can be detected using microscopes and infrared or other specialized photography. The chemical composition of inks can also be analyzed and compared.
Concurrently Written Signatures- Pictorially Identical SignaturesIRJET Journal
This document discusses concurrently written signatures, which are signatures written at the same time using a multi-instrument writing device. Such signatures could appear pictorially identical and be used to deny authenticating documents. The document outlines how brainwriting works and the natural variations that occur between repeated signatures. It also describes how forensic examination of concurrently written signatures would involve analyzing inconsistencies in pen pressure, writing quality, inks, and alignments that may not be present in normal signatures. The goal is to determine if variations present are within the normal range for a single writer or indicate the signatures were written at the same time.
Document examiners analyze questioned documents to determine authenticity and source. They compare handwriting styles, typed text, and indentations to identify writers. They also examine alterations, erasures, ink types, and paper composition. Through analyzing many subtle writing characteristics and comparing to exemplar samples, examiners can determine if two documents were written by the same person. Their analysis helps answer legal questions about signatures, anonymous letters, and document tampering.
Questioned documents are any objects whose authenticity is in doubt, including handwritten or typed documents. Forensic document examination uses scientific analysis to examine questioned documents and provide evidence about their authenticity. Common types of questioned documents include wills, checks, agreements, and passports. Document examiners analyze aspects like handwriting, signatures, paper, ink, printers, and impressions to determine if a document has been altered or forged. This helps determine the legitimacy of documents in legal cases.
REVIEWER IN QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION.pptxRandyPellazar
This document provides an overview of different types of documents that may be examined by a questioned document examiner, including public documents, official documents, private documents, commercial documents, and questioned or disputed documents. It discusses signatures, different types of forgeries (simple, simulated, traced), and examines physiological factors and characteristics related to handwriting identification. Key areas covered include the development of handwriting, writing movements, recognizing characteristics like slant, size, proportion, connections between letters, and variations. The document also discusses factors examined in questioned documents like alterations, erasures, and identification through handwriting analysis and comparison to known standards.
Document examiners analyze questioned documents through years of training to recognize individual handwriting characteristics. No two individuals write exactly alike due to unique factors like letter style, spacing, and writing skill. Examiners compare a sufficient number of these characteristics between known and questioned samples to determine authorship, though no single factor is definitive on its own. Proper collection of known writing exemplars is critical for the examination outcome.
Questioned document analysis examines physical evidence from documents like handwriting, typewriting, photocopies, and ink to determine authenticity or identify forgeries. Characteristics like defects in typewriter parts or marks from printer components can be matched between documents. Security features in currency and documents include microprinting, security threads, and special inks. Forgeries are categorized as traced, simulated, freehand, or lifted depending on the method used. Handwriting analysis examines unique writing habits and patterns to determine authorship.
This document discusses techniques for examining questioned documents. It notes that no two individuals write exactly alike due to unique handwriting characteristics. Adequate known writing samples, or exemplars, that contain words and letters from the questioned document are needed for comparison. Typewriters and printers can sometimes be identified by make and model by comparing characteristics. Alterations like different inks, erasures, and obliterations can be detected using microscopes and infrared or other specialized photography. The chemical composition of inks can also be analyzed and compared.
Concurrently Written Signatures- Pictorially Identical SignaturesIRJET Journal
This document discusses concurrently written signatures, which are signatures written at the same time using a multi-instrument writing device. Such signatures could appear pictorially identical and be used to deny authenticating documents. The document outlines how brainwriting works and the natural variations that occur between repeated signatures. It also describes how forensic examination of concurrently written signatures would involve analyzing inconsistencies in pen pressure, writing quality, inks, and alignments that may not be present in normal signatures. The goal is to determine if variations present are within the normal range for a single writer or indicate the signatures were written at the same time.
Document examiners analyze questioned documents to determine authenticity and source. They compare handwriting styles, typed text, and indentations to identify writers. They also examine alterations, erasures, ink types, and paper composition. Through analyzing many subtle writing characteristics and comparing to exemplar samples, examiners can determine if two documents were written by the same person. Their analysis helps answer legal questions about signatures, anonymous letters, and document tampering.
Questioned documents are any objects whose authenticity is in doubt, including handwritten or typed documents. Forensic document examination uses scientific analysis to examine questioned documents and provide evidence about their authenticity. Common types of questioned documents include wills, checks, agreements, and passports. Document examiners analyze aspects like handwriting, signatures, paper, ink, printers, and impressions to determine if a document has been altered or forged. This helps determine the legitimacy of documents in legal cases.
REVIEWER IN QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION.pptxRandyPellazar
This document provides an overview of different types of documents that may be examined by a questioned document examiner, including public documents, official documents, private documents, commercial documents, and questioned or disputed documents. It discusses signatures, different types of forgeries (simple, simulated, traced), and examines physiological factors and characteristics related to handwriting identification. Key areas covered include the development of handwriting, writing movements, recognizing characteristics like slant, size, proportion, connections between letters, and variations. The document also discusses factors examined in questioned documents like alterations, erasures, and identification through handwriting analysis and comparison to known standards.
PPT on Handwriting and Specimen Signature Forensics.pptxsukumarbasu2
This document summarizes research on analyzing handwriting and signatures for forensic purposes. Like fingerprints, everyone's handwriting is unique. Analysts can examine characteristics of writing and signatures to determine if they match known samples and identify forgeries. The paper outlines different types of signatures, principles of handwriting identification, and the examination process to authenticate questioned documents. In conclusion, detailed analysis of writing is important for eliminating suspects and detecting document alterations or forgeries.
This document provides an overview of signature analysis in forensic science. It defines what a signature is, discusses the different types of signatures and classes of signatures. It also covers the basic principles of handwriting analysis and examines the differences between authentic and forged signatures. Key aspects that are analyzed to identify signatures are discussed such as slant, letter formation, pen pressure and alignment. The document also lists some typical examination questions that signature analysis can help answer and describes the equipment used in the field.
The document discusses handwriting analysis and identification. It defines handwriting as a complex series of muscular habits developed through practice. Handwriting analysis involves recognizing characteristics, comparing samples, and evaluating similarities and differences to determine authenticity or identify authors. The scientific process examines characteristics like slant, alignment, proportions, and stroke structure. Proper handwriting examination requires categorizing characteristics, focusing on factors like movement, distinctive features, and individual traits.
This document provides an overview of questioned document examination. It defines key terms like document, questioned document, and forgery. It describes the domains of questioned documents including handwriting examination, signatures, secret writings, and altered documents. It discusses the learning process of handwriting and principles of handwriting analysis. It covers characteristics of handwriting like class and individual traits. It also describes different types of forgeries and techniques for disguise writing. The document outlines best practices for collection, examination, and preservation of evidence.
This PPT explains you that how a single signature of an individual helps to gain knowledge of Individual's personality,emotions, behaviour etc. It also explains that how to recognize forged signatures.
Shivangi
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University,Lucknow
Handwriting and its Characteristics.pptxHimanshiP2
Handwriting analysis is the process of examining handwriting to determine authenticity or identify the writer. It is used in forensic investigations by analyzing characteristics like letter size, spacing, stroke and pressure. Forensic experts compare these characteristics between known and questioned samples to determine if they were written by the same person. It is a valuable tool that requires trained experts to accurately analyze the subtle variations that make each person's handwriting unique.
This document discusses different types of handwriting forgery. It defines forgery as making a false document dishonestly or fraudulently. There are several types of forgeries, including freehand forgery where the forger imitates the writing, traced forgery where the forger traces the writing, forgery by memory where the forger relies on mental impressions, and forgery by impersonation where someone impersonates another person. The document also discusses methods of tracing like using glass plates or carbon paper, and disguising handwriting. Identification of forgeries examines differences in writing habits, letter designs, and similarities between the forged and original writings.
This document provides information about fingerprint recording, including the materials used, different fingerprint impressions, filling out fingerprint cards, and the procedure for recording fingerprints of both living and dead persons. It discusses plain and rolled impressions, filling out fingerprint cards with subject information, the proper procedure for inking and printing fingers onto a card, and challenges with recording fingerprints of deceased individuals in different post-mortem stages. Common errors, quality checklists, and uses of fingerprinting are also outlined.
Introduction to question documents.pptxtAryaThampi9
This document provides an overview of questioned documents and their examination. It defines a questioned document as one whose authenticity or origin is doubtful. The document discusses various types of questioned documents including those with altered text, questioned signatures, age disputes, and anonymous letters. It outlines the preliminary examination process for questioned documents, noting factors like paper folds, ink, and handwriting analysis. The document emphasizes the importance of carefully handling and preserving questioned documents to avoid altering evidential value.
This document discusses the principles and analysis of handwriting. It covers class and individual characteristics, fundamental divergences between writers, and 12 specific characteristics examined in analysis like line quality, spacing, slant and letter forms. It provides details on obtaining known writing samples or standards and the proper procedures around dictation, selection of text, amount of samples and ensuring similar conditions. The goal is to have adequate standards that capture the natural variation in a person's writing for comparison to questioned documents.
The document discusses forensic document examination, which involves analyzing documents like handwriting, signatures, and printed text to determine authenticity and detect forgeries. It describes techniques like electrostatic detection to find indentations, video spectral comparator to examine inks under different lights, and thin layer chromatography to analyze ink components. The goal is to compare questioned documents to known samples and look for consistent characteristics to identify the writer.
Document analysis involves examining documents like handwriting, signatures, and printed text to determine authenticity and detect alterations. Forensic document examiners use various tools and techniques like electrostatic detection, video spectral comparators, thin layer chromatography, and infrared reflectance to analyze physical characteristics of papers, inks, and indentations. Handwriting analysis specifically examines handwriting samples to identify writers and looks for distinguishing features even if attempts are made to disguise writing. Forensic document examiners also work to reconstruct shredded documents by piecing together individual shreds.
Document analysis examines questioned documents to determine authenticity by comparing them to known samples. Questioned documents include signatures, writing, or marks whose source is uncertain. Experts analyze characteristics like handwriting style, paper type, and added security features to detect alterations. Handwriting is unique to each individual and difficult to forge. Forensic document examiners follow scientific guidelines to compare questioned samples to known exemplars and determine authorship in court.
This document discusses three areas of criminal sciences: document examination, graphoscopy, and dactyloscopy. It describes how document examination analyzes documents to determine authenticity and identifies authors. Graphoscopy studies handwriting to verify signatures and identify forgeries. Dactyloscopy examines fingerprints using their unique ridge characteristics to determine identity with absolute certainty.
The document discusses various techniques used in handwriting and document analysis. It covers topics such as historical dating of documents, fraud investigation, analysis of paper/ink, techniques for examining forgeries and alterations, and comparing handwriting samples. The core techniques include analyzing characteristics of handwriting style, paper fibers, ink composition, indentations, and marks from copying/printing devices. The goal is to determine the authenticity and origin of questioned documents through scientific examination and comparison with known samples.
Document and handwriting analysis involves examining questioned documents to determine authenticity or identify authors. This includes analyzing handwriting style, ink, paper, and other physical evidence. Experts compare unknown writing samples to known samples and consider characteristics like letter formation, word spacing, pen pressure. Methods are also used to detect alterations to documents through microscopic analysis, light examination, or chemical analysis. Famous forgery cases throughout history provide examples of different forgery techniques analyzed by experts.
This document discusses handwriting analysis and graphology. It begins by defining handwriting and explaining that each person's handwriting is unique. It then discusses how graphology, or handwriting analysis, can be used to analyze personality characteristics from handwriting patterns. The document provides several examples of how graphology is used, such as in recruitment to identify leadership skills or trustworthiness, and in understanding friends and family members' personalities. It also briefly discusses how handwriting analysis can be used in child development by parents.
Secured Employee Attendance Management System Using FingerprintIOSR Journals
In this paper an effective employee attendance management system using fingerprint is introduced.
It is used to managed the attendance of employees in any organization. All organizations and institutions are
established to achieve specific objectives or goals. The identification and authentication of employee is very
necessary for achieving any objective or goal. To identify and authenticate the identity of an individual
employee by their names, ID numbers and signatures only are not enough, because any one can misuse other's
identity and this type of problem occur very often. Fingerprint can be applied for recognizing any person,
because human fingerprints are unique to each person and can be regarded as some sort of signature, certifying
the person's identity. This method of employee identification and authentication will improve the attendance of
employees thereby improving security, productivity and skill which will in turn improve the progress of
organizations.
This document discusses handwriting analysis and the analysis of signatures and documents. It provides information on how to analyze writing characteristics like style, skill, alignment, individual letters, size, slant, speed. It describes different types of forgeries like freehand, simulated, traced, and techniques to alter documents. The document then discusses a specific Singapore Supreme Court case where handwriting analysis was used to determine if a signature on a letter was forged. A fourth expert was brought in and used human behavior science in addition to handwriting science to make a determination in the case.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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This document summarizes research on analyzing handwriting and signatures for forensic purposes. Like fingerprints, everyone's handwriting is unique. Analysts can examine characteristics of writing and signatures to determine if they match known samples and identify forgeries. The paper outlines different types of signatures, principles of handwriting identification, and the examination process to authenticate questioned documents. In conclusion, detailed analysis of writing is important for eliminating suspects and detecting document alterations or forgeries.
This document provides an overview of signature analysis in forensic science. It defines what a signature is, discusses the different types of signatures and classes of signatures. It also covers the basic principles of handwriting analysis and examines the differences between authentic and forged signatures. Key aspects that are analyzed to identify signatures are discussed such as slant, letter formation, pen pressure and alignment. The document also lists some typical examination questions that signature analysis can help answer and describes the equipment used in the field.
The document discusses handwriting analysis and identification. It defines handwriting as a complex series of muscular habits developed through practice. Handwriting analysis involves recognizing characteristics, comparing samples, and evaluating similarities and differences to determine authenticity or identify authors. The scientific process examines characteristics like slant, alignment, proportions, and stroke structure. Proper handwriting examination requires categorizing characteristics, focusing on factors like movement, distinctive features, and individual traits.
This document provides an overview of questioned document examination. It defines key terms like document, questioned document, and forgery. It describes the domains of questioned documents including handwriting examination, signatures, secret writings, and altered documents. It discusses the learning process of handwriting and principles of handwriting analysis. It covers characteristics of handwriting like class and individual traits. It also describes different types of forgeries and techniques for disguise writing. The document outlines best practices for collection, examination, and preservation of evidence.
This PPT explains you that how a single signature of an individual helps to gain knowledge of Individual's personality,emotions, behaviour etc. It also explains that how to recognize forged signatures.
Shivangi
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Handwriting and its Characteristics.pptxHimanshiP2
Handwriting analysis is the process of examining handwriting to determine authenticity or identify the writer. It is used in forensic investigations by analyzing characteristics like letter size, spacing, stroke and pressure. Forensic experts compare these characteristics between known and questioned samples to determine if they were written by the same person. It is a valuable tool that requires trained experts to accurately analyze the subtle variations that make each person's handwriting unique.
This document discusses different types of handwriting forgery. It defines forgery as making a false document dishonestly or fraudulently. There are several types of forgeries, including freehand forgery where the forger imitates the writing, traced forgery where the forger traces the writing, forgery by memory where the forger relies on mental impressions, and forgery by impersonation where someone impersonates another person. The document also discusses methods of tracing like using glass plates or carbon paper, and disguising handwriting. Identification of forgeries examines differences in writing habits, letter designs, and similarities between the forged and original writings.
This document provides information about fingerprint recording, including the materials used, different fingerprint impressions, filling out fingerprint cards, and the procedure for recording fingerprints of both living and dead persons. It discusses plain and rolled impressions, filling out fingerprint cards with subject information, the proper procedure for inking and printing fingers onto a card, and challenges with recording fingerprints of deceased individuals in different post-mortem stages. Common errors, quality checklists, and uses of fingerprinting are also outlined.
Introduction to question documents.pptxtAryaThampi9
This document provides an overview of questioned documents and their examination. It defines a questioned document as one whose authenticity or origin is doubtful. The document discusses various types of questioned documents including those with altered text, questioned signatures, age disputes, and anonymous letters. It outlines the preliminary examination process for questioned documents, noting factors like paper folds, ink, and handwriting analysis. The document emphasizes the importance of carefully handling and preserving questioned documents to avoid altering evidential value.
This document discusses the principles and analysis of handwriting. It covers class and individual characteristics, fundamental divergences between writers, and 12 specific characteristics examined in analysis like line quality, spacing, slant and letter forms. It provides details on obtaining known writing samples or standards and the proper procedures around dictation, selection of text, amount of samples and ensuring similar conditions. The goal is to have adequate standards that capture the natural variation in a person's writing for comparison to questioned documents.
The document discusses forensic document examination, which involves analyzing documents like handwriting, signatures, and printed text to determine authenticity and detect forgeries. It describes techniques like electrostatic detection to find indentations, video spectral comparator to examine inks under different lights, and thin layer chromatography to analyze ink components. The goal is to compare questioned documents to known samples and look for consistent characteristics to identify the writer.
Document analysis involves examining documents like handwriting, signatures, and printed text to determine authenticity and detect alterations. Forensic document examiners use various tools and techniques like electrostatic detection, video spectral comparators, thin layer chromatography, and infrared reflectance to analyze physical characteristics of papers, inks, and indentations. Handwriting analysis specifically examines handwriting samples to identify writers and looks for distinguishing features even if attempts are made to disguise writing. Forensic document examiners also work to reconstruct shredded documents by piecing together individual shreds.
Document analysis examines questioned documents to determine authenticity by comparing them to known samples. Questioned documents include signatures, writing, or marks whose source is uncertain. Experts analyze characteristics like handwriting style, paper type, and added security features to detect alterations. Handwriting is unique to each individual and difficult to forge. Forensic document examiners follow scientific guidelines to compare questioned samples to known exemplars and determine authorship in court.
This document discusses three areas of criminal sciences: document examination, graphoscopy, and dactyloscopy. It describes how document examination analyzes documents to determine authenticity and identifies authors. Graphoscopy studies handwriting to verify signatures and identify forgeries. Dactyloscopy examines fingerprints using their unique ridge characteristics to determine identity with absolute certainty.
The document discusses various techniques used in handwriting and document analysis. It covers topics such as historical dating of documents, fraud investigation, analysis of paper/ink, techniques for examining forgeries and alterations, and comparing handwriting samples. The core techniques include analyzing characteristics of handwriting style, paper fibers, ink composition, indentations, and marks from copying/printing devices. The goal is to determine the authenticity and origin of questioned documents through scientific examination and comparison with known samples.
Document and handwriting analysis involves examining questioned documents to determine authenticity or identify authors. This includes analyzing handwriting style, ink, paper, and other physical evidence. Experts compare unknown writing samples to known samples and consider characteristics like letter formation, word spacing, pen pressure. Methods are also used to detect alterations to documents through microscopic analysis, light examination, or chemical analysis. Famous forgery cases throughout history provide examples of different forgery techniques analyzed by experts.
This document discusses handwriting analysis and graphology. It begins by defining handwriting and explaining that each person's handwriting is unique. It then discusses how graphology, or handwriting analysis, can be used to analyze personality characteristics from handwriting patterns. The document provides several examples of how graphology is used, such as in recruitment to identify leadership skills or trustworthiness, and in understanding friends and family members' personalities. It also briefly discusses how handwriting analysis can be used in child development by parents.
Secured Employee Attendance Management System Using FingerprintIOSR Journals
In this paper an effective employee attendance management system using fingerprint is introduced.
It is used to managed the attendance of employees in any organization. All organizations and institutions are
established to achieve specific objectives or goals. The identification and authentication of employee is very
necessary for achieving any objective or goal. To identify and authenticate the identity of an individual
employee by their names, ID numbers and signatures only are not enough, because any one can misuse other's
identity and this type of problem occur very often. Fingerprint can be applied for recognizing any person,
because human fingerprints are unique to each person and can be regarded as some sort of signature, certifying
the person's identity. This method of employee identification and authentication will improve the attendance of
employees thereby improving security, productivity and skill which will in turn improve the progress of
organizations.
This document discusses handwriting analysis and the analysis of signatures and documents. It provides information on how to analyze writing characteristics like style, skill, alignment, individual letters, size, slant, speed. It describes different types of forgeries like freehand, simulated, traced, and techniques to alter documents. The document then discusses a specific Singapore Supreme Court case where handwriting analysis was used to determine if a signature on a letter was forged. A fourth expert was brought in and used human behavior science in addition to handwriting science to make a determination in the case.
Similar to Medico Legal Importance of Questioned Documents in Crime Investigation (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31013 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 438
with the different distribution of force and ways of shaping
words to create a unique style of handwriting for each
person.
Characteristics of handwriting include:
specific shape of letters, e.g. their roundness or
sharpness
regular or irregular spacing between letters
the slope of the letters
the rhythmic repetition of the elements or arrhythmia
the pressure to the paper
the average size of letters
the thickness of letters
There are many styles of handwriting, but they are
categorized into three major types; cursive, print, and
D'Nealian.
Handwriting experts may be able to make a positive
identificationifthere areenoughsamplesforexamination
andenoughexemplarsagainstwhich to compare those
samples.
To determine whether a signature or writing sample is
authentic,a documentexaminerwillgenerallyexamine12
characteristics:
1. Line quality: Arethelinessmooth,free-flowing, and
rhythmic,orshaky, nervous,and wavering?
2. Spacing of words and letters: Examine the average
amount of space between words and letters. Is the
spacing consistent in the questioned and known
documents?
3. Ratioofrelativeheight,width,andsizeofletters: What
are the overall height, width, and size of the letters in
both the known and questioned documents? Are they
consistent?
4. Penliftsandseparations:Checkhowthewriter stopsto
formnewlettersandbeginwords. Forgeries may have
pen lifts or separations in unusual places, for
instance within a single letter.
5. Connecting strokes: Compare how capital letters are
connectedtolowercaselettersandhowstrokesconnect
between letters and between words.
6. Beginning and ending strokes: Compare how the
writer begins and ends a word, number, orletter. Are
the strokes straight, curled, long, or short? Are they
made on the upstroke or down stroke?
7. Unusual letter formation: Look for unusual letter
formation; for instance, letters written backward,
letterswithatail,orunusual capitals.
8. Shading or pen pressure: Individuals use different
amountsofpressure with a pen or pencil, making the
lines lighter or darker, narrower or wider. Check for
pressureonthedownwardandupwardstrokes.
9. Slant:Doesthewritingslanttotheleftorright,orisit
straight up and down? Are some letters consistently
slantedmoreorlessthan others?
10. Baseline habits: Does the writing tend to follow a
straight horizontal line, or move downward or
upward?Isitaboveorbelowthebaseline?
11. Flourishes or embellishments: Are there any fancy
letters,curls,loops, circles, double loops, orunderlines?
12. Placementofdiacritics: Checkthecrossingoft’sand
dotting of i’s, j’s, or any other letters or punctuation
marks. Is the cross on the t long in proportion to the
stem? Is it located to the left or right of the stem? Are
thei’sdottedaboveortothe rightor left of the stem?
The examiner also looks for irregularities such as an
awkwardorunnatural appearance or circle shapes made
up of different strokes. There is wide variation in how
people make their uppercase (capital) letters and the
lowercaselettersy,j,g, andq.
Methods of Forgery:
The most common forgery is a signature. There are three
types of forgery. One of the most common types, and
probably the easiest to detect for a layperson, is a blind
forgery,wheretheforgeruseshisorherown handwriting.
The forger does not even try to copytheoriginalsignature,
and may not even know what the signaturelooks like.This
is usually the case in petition fraud and anonymous
harassing subscriptions, as well as in many other civil and
criminalcases.Investigatorshavethehighestsuccessratein
identifying this type of forger.
Copying a genuine signature by carefully drawing it is
termed a simulated forgery. Often the forger practices the
signature so much that he or she can avoid many of the
hesitations and pen lifts usually seen in a forgery.
Investigatorscandetectasimulated forgerybyidentifying
theindividualmicroscopic handwriting traitsconsistently
present in the known signatures but missing from the
questioned signature. The forger is often unable to
duplicate all the victim’s individual handwriting habits.
This type of forgery canbeverydifficulttolinktoasuspect.
A third type of forgery is a traced forgery, which can be
donebytracingagenuinesignatureontoadocument using
alightboxorsimilardevice.Forgersmayuseothermethods
suchascarbonpaperorevenpressinghardover a genuine
signature and then tracing theindentation.
Stereomicroscopic examination can disclose this type of
forgery, because the line quality may be inconsistent.
Sometimesoblique lightingwillshowofftheindentations.
Obliterations:
Often documents are changed after they are prepared.
Common methods include physically erasing with a
rubber eraser or scraping the ink off the paper’s surface.
Both methods disturb the upper layer of fibers or the
paper’s coating; you can see these disturbances under the
microscope in reflected oblique lighting. Many papers
today are coated with optical brighteners that make the
paper look very white when seen under UV light.
Disturbing the coating may cause a darker area to appear.
Forgers also use chemical methods to obliterate words.
For example, a strong oxidizing agent such as chlorine or
sodium hypochlorite can make ink become colorless.
Examining the sample under a microscope or in UV or
infrared (IR) light may reveal the alteration
Indeed, use of alternate sources of lighting, that is, lamps
or lasers with specificwavelengths,canbeapowerfulwayto
showthedifferencesamong inksofthesamecolorbutwith
differentcomposition.Investigatorshavesuccessfullyused
infraredphotographytofinderasures,readcontent covered
by intentional obliterations (crossing out), and even
reconstruct writingfromcharreddocuments.
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31013 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 439
Digital image processing is becoming a more useful tool
in making obliterated markings more visible through
lightening, darkening, contrast, and filters.
Indentations:
Often an indented impression is left on paper beneath the
primary writing because of the pressure of the writing
utensil. Theseimpressions cansometimesbeusedtoforgea
signature, but often they have also led to the arrest of
criminals. The method we have all seen of rubbing the
impression with a soft pencil is the worst thing to do. It
doesn’t work very well and alters the evidence. Often,
oblique lightingwillenhancetheindentations.
Indentations also increase a paper’s capacity to hold an
electrostatic charge. This property is used to “develop”
imagesusinganelectrostaticdetection apparatus (ESDA).
Pouring toner powder from a copy machine over a
chargedsheetofplasticcoveringthepaperinquestioncan
create an image of the impressions, which is then
photographed.
Individualizing Typing and Printing
Whentypewriterswerecommonlyused,investigators could
often individualize their printing by examining wear and
defects in the typeface and misalignment of characters.
The FBI maintains a library of makes and models of all
manufactured typewriters as well as thousands of type
fonts.
Word processors and printers have largely replaced
typewriters, yet there are still ways to trace and compare
output. For example, color printers and photocopiers may
add a pattern of minuscule yellow dots to the printout,
encodingtheprinter’sserialnumber.
Investigators can also sometimes compare copy machine
output. Debris,grippermarks,platendefects,anddirtcanall
contributetowhataretermed trashmarksoncopiesfroma
copier.Thesemarkscanchangeovertime,sosometimesthe
materialcanevenbedated.
Paper
Most modern paper is made from wood pulp. Some types
of paper are manufactured mechanically,someare treated
with chemicals, and some have additives, such as cotton
fibers. Paper can be graded depending on the percentage
of cotton fibers; from 25 to 50 percent cotton may be
called bond paper. Mechanically produced wood pulp
paper is used for newspapers. Special writing paper such
as stationery is chemically treated with sodium sulfite.
Shopping bags are treated with asulfatefor extrastrength.
Some manufacturers include their own watermark design
during the manufacturing processbyreducingthe number
of fibers within a certain patterned area. The
manufacturer can change the watermark and sometimes
can use it to indicate when the paper was manufactured
and even where the paper was sold.
The forensic scientist may look at the following
characteristicsto identifypaper:
What raw material the paperis madefrom
Color
Density
Watermarks
Dyes orbleaches
Fluorescence under ultravioletlight
Thicknessasdetermined byusing a micrometer
Inks:
Investigators often compare inks by their composition.
Sometimestheycan evenchemicallyestablishhowlongthe
inkhasremainedonthepaper.
Counterfeiting:
Counterfeiting money is one of the oldest crimes known. It
wasa seriousprobleminthe19thcentury,whenbanksissued
their own currency. In 1863 the United States adopted a
national currency, but counterfeiting was still extensive. In
1865 the U.S. Secret Service was established to suppress
counterfeiting.
Although counterfeiting has substantially decreased since
the creation of the Secret Service, this crime continues to
be a potential danger to the nation’s economy and citizens.
Productionmethodsusedincounterfeitingoperationshave
evolvedovertheyears
COMPARISON OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT:
The Questioned Documents unit is responsible for
determining the authenticity and/or authorship of
documents. The examination can be a handwriting
comparison; detection of alterations, obliterations, or
indented writing; or discovery of the typewriter, printer, or
fax machine that generated a document.
The most common examination is comparison of
handwriting or hand printing. Authorship of any type of
document may come into question during an investigation
Everyone has similarities intheirhandwriting;otherwise we
wouldn't be able to read what each other writes. Although
the following documents have a great deal of pictorial
similarity, they were written by different people
The forensic document examiner trains for 2 to 4 years in
the study of handwriting and other document-related
problems. It is the expert's responsibility to examine every
element of a writing, including the minute details, and to
look for both similarities and differences between known
and questioned writing.Noticethesimilaritiesbetweenthe2
documents below:
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31013 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 440
Given enough writing evidence, bothknownandquestioned,
the forensic document examiner may be able to identify or
eliminate a suspected writer of having prepared a
questioned document. The examiner is often calledtotestify
in court and present exhibits to demonstrate the opinion.
Conclusion:
The medico legal expert should visit the death scene before
the autopsy if it is possible. Although, death investigation
differs in different countries, there is always a crime scene
investigation team with different branches. The study is
about questioned document and medico legal importance of
documents, inks, printer and etc.researcherdiscussedabout
the medico legal importance of documents at criminal
investigation, it is very much important to know about
document types before going to analyses of any documents,
inks and printer, so in this paper the researcher studied
about obliteration, indentation, individualizing typing and
printing, papers, ink and counterfeiting and also studied
important characteristics of document examination.
Reference:
[1] American Society of Questioned Document Examiners,
3(2), 57-65. Huber, R., & Headrick, A.(1999).
Handwriting Identification: Facts and Fundamentals.
CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
[2] Clark SC (1999) Death Investigation: A Guide for the
Scene Investigator. National Institute of Justice,
Washington, USA.
[3] Horswell J (2005a) Major incident scene management
In: Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine. In
Payne James J, Byard R, Corey T, Henderson C (Eds.),
Academic Press, London, UK, pp.12-20.
[4] Lee HC, Palmback T, Miller MT (2000) Henry Lee’s
Crime Scene Handbook. Academic Press, California,
USA.
[5] Linton MOHAMMED, Bryan FOUND, Michael
CALIGIURI, Doug ROGERS (2009) Pen Pressure as a
Discriminatory Feature between Genuine and Forged
Signatures, Proceedings of IGS 2009
[6] Miller MT (2003) Crime scene investigation In:
Forensic Science: An Introduction to Scientific and
Investigative Techniques. In James SH, Nordby JJ,
Florida (Eds.), USA, pp. 115-135.
[7] M.R. Hecker, Treatise on the Scientific Foundation of
Forensic Handwriting Comparison, published by
Kolonia Ltd; 2000.
[8] UK, Forensic Science Service, EVETT: Forensic
HandwritingComparison,ProbabilityandtheNatureof
the Science, ***given at 10 th ECPGHE (Joint Meeting of
the European Conferences for Police and Government
Handwriting and Documents Experts), Tulliallan,
Scotland; 1998.