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Research
Corrie Wheeler
Codes and Conventions of a
Documentary
There are different genres of documentaries; codes and
conventions may differ slightly depending on this.
 Interviews
 Voice-over
 Soundtrack
 Slow motion / fast motion footage
 Close-ups and extreme close-ups

 Establishing shots
 Archive footage
 Video diaries
 Text and graphics
 Juxtaposition
Codes and Conventions of…
a double page spread from a listings magazine focused on the
documentary


Images, usually large and/or multiple and with captions



Columns



Informative content



Date of airing



Synopsis



Rating



Main features tab

a newspaper advertisement on the documentary


Large image showing main feature



Reviews



Large title



Majority printed in colour and high resolution



Channel or company logo
Audience Research
Audience Research
Do you watch documentaries on a regular basis?
Audience Research
What genre of documentary do you most enjoy?
Audience Research
Which channel do you usually watch them on?
Audience Research
How much time do you usually spend on the internet
per day?
Audience Research
What do you mostly use the internet for?
Audience Research
Which of these websites do you use on a regular
basis?
Audience Research
Do you attend any internet community events?
Audience Research
(a) Have you ever made any friends on the internet?
(b) If yes, have you ever met them in person?
History of Documentaries
“a film or television or radio programme that gives facts and
information about a subject”.
 The first documentary piece was done in 1877 by Eadweard
Muybridge – a series of sequential images on the way a
horse runs
 In 1895 Auguste and Louis Lumière made a series of short
actuality films
 In the 1920s, Nanook of the North was filmed by Flaherty
 After the 1920s, documentary films mainly consisted of
propaganda e.g. Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will on the
Nazi Party
 From 1950 to 1970, cinéma vérité was developed where
handheld equipment enabled film crews to follow a natural
disaster
According to IMDb, the most
popular documentary in the
US box office was in
2004, named Fahrenheit 9/11.
It grossed $119 million
(Wikipedia states it grossed
more, with
$222,446,882), while Jackass
grossed $117 million.
We can now watch
documentaries on the go due
to technological advancements
and the internet.
Consideration of Institutional
Platforms
 BBC Three and Channel 4’s target
audience is 16-34 year olds
 Both channels air documentaries on
controversial topics, such as Horsemeat
Banquet (BBC Three) and Crazy about One
Direction (Channel 4)
 Our documentary would be independent –
BBC Three airs documentaries from
independent studios like Studio Lambert
 Both channels have an on-demand
service: BBC iPlayer and 4oD.

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Media Studies Research

  • 2. Codes and Conventions of a Documentary There are different genres of documentaries; codes and conventions may differ slightly depending on this.  Interviews  Voice-over  Soundtrack  Slow motion / fast motion footage  Close-ups and extreme close-ups  Establishing shots  Archive footage  Video diaries  Text and graphics  Juxtaposition
  • 3. Codes and Conventions of… a double page spread from a listings magazine focused on the documentary  Images, usually large and/or multiple and with captions  Columns  Informative content  Date of airing  Synopsis  Rating  Main features tab a newspaper advertisement on the documentary  Large image showing main feature  Reviews  Large title  Majority printed in colour and high resolution  Channel or company logo
  • 5. Audience Research Do you watch documentaries on a regular basis?
  • 6. Audience Research What genre of documentary do you most enjoy?
  • 7. Audience Research Which channel do you usually watch them on?
  • 8. Audience Research How much time do you usually spend on the internet per day?
  • 9. Audience Research What do you mostly use the internet for?
  • 10. Audience Research Which of these websites do you use on a regular basis?
  • 11. Audience Research Do you attend any internet community events?
  • 12. Audience Research (a) Have you ever made any friends on the internet? (b) If yes, have you ever met them in person?
  • 13. History of Documentaries “a film or television or radio programme that gives facts and information about a subject”.  The first documentary piece was done in 1877 by Eadweard Muybridge – a series of sequential images on the way a horse runs  In 1895 Auguste and Louis Lumière made a series of short actuality films  In the 1920s, Nanook of the North was filmed by Flaherty  After the 1920s, documentary films mainly consisted of propaganda e.g. Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will on the Nazi Party  From 1950 to 1970, cinéma vérité was developed where handheld equipment enabled film crews to follow a natural disaster
  • 14. According to IMDb, the most popular documentary in the US box office was in 2004, named Fahrenheit 9/11. It grossed $119 million (Wikipedia states it grossed more, with $222,446,882), while Jackass grossed $117 million. We can now watch documentaries on the go due to technological advancements and the internet.
  • 15. Consideration of Institutional Platforms  BBC Three and Channel 4’s target audience is 16-34 year olds  Both channels air documentaries on controversial topics, such as Horsemeat Banquet (BBC Three) and Crazy about One Direction (Channel 4)  Our documentary would be independent – BBC Three airs documentaries from independent studios like Studio Lambert  Both channels have an on-demand service: BBC iPlayer and 4oD.