Learn more about American competitiveness and leadership in technology innovation.

1. Presenting “Insight 2005: A Survey
of U.S. Technology Innovators”
November 2005

2. Study Sections
 U.S. Competitiveness/Leadership in Technology Innovation
 Psychographic Profile of Technology Creators
 Addendum: Methodology and Respondent Characteristics
 Addendum: Women in Technology Innovation (upon request)
 Addendum: Under 30s in Technology Innovation (upon request)
2

3. U.S. Competitiveness/Leadership
in Technology Innovation
3

4. U.S. Technology Innovation/Leadership
 Indicators of U.S. Technology Competitiveness Under Fire
 U.S. undergraduate S&E degrees (5.7 per 100) lag Japan (8 per 100), Taiwan and South
Korea (11 per 100), and many European nations (8 - 13 per 100)1
 U.S. graduate S&E degrees only 25,000 out of 114,000 worldwide2
 U.S. R&D investment as percentage of GDP in 30-year decline3
 DOD funding of basic research dropped from 3.3%in 1994 to 1.9%in 20054
 China intends to boost R&D funding 200 percent in next 10 years5
 U.S. patent citation rate as percentage of world total dropping
 52 percent in 1992; 44 percent in 20016
 K-12 Education failing U.S. students in math and science7
 4th grade students on par with peers worldwide
 12th graders near bottom (1999)
 The hidden indicator: U.S. technology creators’ view of the state of their profession
 Introducing the fourth psychographic study of engineers by CMP and McClenahan Bruer (prior
studies fielded in 1999, 2001 and 2003)
 In August 2005, 4083 electronics engineers were surveyed online
 In May 2005 qualitative research was conducted in the form of in-depth interviews with
8 engineers representing a spectrum of age, gender and ethnicity
 Presentation includes findings from CMP’s 2005 Salary & Opinion Survey
4

5. 2005 Psychographic Survey
U.S. Technology Innovation and
Leadership in Jeopardy
I worry about the
future of the
engineering
profession in the U.S. 64%
because of the
impact of
outsourcing
The U.S. will always
maintain its
10%
technology
leadership position
Scenario D: Q2. What impact does design outsourcing have on you personally?
5

6. Salary Survey
Status of Design Outsourcing
Yes, my
No, 54% company has
sent
electronics
design work
offshore, 46%
Type of work sent overseas
Low-end
software High-level
development, hardware
High-end 17% design, 14%
software
development,
16%
Low-level
hardware
design, 15%
n = 2185
Manufacturing,
39%
41a. Has your company sent electronics design work offshore in the past year?
41b. What type of work has your company sent overseas? 6

7. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Impact on Technology Creators
I welcome design
outsourcing, 9%
I don't
necessarily
welcome
outsourcing, but
I'm not
I'm concerned concerned about
about it, either, 35%
outsourcing, 56%
D-1. There is an increasing trend in the global electronics industry towards outsourcing design and
development activities to 3rd parties. Which of the following statements best describes your
7
view of design outsourcing?

8. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Impact on Technology Creators
Design
outsourcing
makes our
39%
engineering
projects much
more complicated
I'm in danger or
already have lost
10%
my job because of
outsourcing
I'm too old to
worry about
outsourcing now 4%
at this stage in
my career
D-2. What impact does design outsourcing have on you personally?
8

9. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Outsourcing – What do engineers do about it?
It has become clear that management at your company has decided to cut back the design
staff drastically. They intend to keep only the few signal -processing experts whose skills
differentiate the products and would be almost impossible to duplicate with contractors or
design services. Everything else is going to be outsourced. What would you do?
Sell management on not
36%
outsourcing
Look for a new job now 27%
Don't worry about it 21%
Spend time with senior designers so
15%
that you're a survivor
Make sure others go before you 2%
9

10. Salary Survey
U.S. Engineering Shortage Seen
No, 44%
Yes, there is a
shortage of
engineers at
my company,
56%
n = 2185
38. Do you think there’s a shortage of engineers at your company?
10

11. Technology Creators Undervalued
 Qualitative research indicates U.S. engineers feel they are undervalued as
professionals
 “I don’t think in our society we do value (engineering). And I think that’s why, I
believe, there are less and less people in the U.S. pursuing (engineering).” Jim
C., software development manager.
 “For me, we just don’t have any class or status. If you’re a doctor of medicine or
a lawyer with a shingle and a license to do whatever you do (sic), but someone
with a bachelor’s or master’s in electrical engineering or software, he’s just a
flunky. There is no respect for them. And so, when things get bad they keep the
doctors and the lawyers and they get rid of the engineer and farm it out to
somebody else.” Harry B., bioscience engineer
 “Engineers don’t really get the direct mention, but eventually, some day,
somebody might sit down and do that. We don’t really get as much recognition
as a doctor would, that’s certainly true, because we do the backstage work and
not really the front and it’s mostly the people in the marketing area (sic), so we
don’t get the recognition that we really deserve.” Raje x. etc.
 “Right now, it seems like, what the heck do I want to go into this profession for?
There’s no money in it; there’s nothing but layoffs and it’s all being outsourced to
India. That concerns me. I think it concerns me not only from the standpoint of
personal growth of the people that are potentially next-generation engineers.
Frankly, I think there are some national interests involved there too. I think that if
this country wants to continue to be a mover and a shaker and a leader in the
world, you won’t get that by having a country that is mostly all gardeners or
people working at Wendy’s.” Keith F., design engineer.
11

12. Technology Creators Undervalued
 Conversely, qualitative research indicates U.S. engineers feel their
counterparts abroad are highly valued, particularly in China and India
 “People over there (China) in engineering probably will be treated more
respectfully than here.” Lei C., design engineer.
 “Why are there so many people coming from India that are pursing that
(engineering) as a profession compared to here? Because they value that in
their society. At the birth of their country (sic), they dedicated to doing
technologically based universities and they are seeing the benefits of that.” Jim
C., software development manager.
 “Over there it’s more concentrated in science and math and those fields than
here. People tend to be more respected when you become a scientist doing
research developing and space (sic) or mechanical field. It seems to be more
respectfully (sic) over there.” Lei C., design engineer.
12

13. Salary Survey
Technology creators have grave concerns
about elementary and high school education
Grades
% % % % %
U.S. Elementary & High School A B C D F
Preparing students for careers in engineering 1 19 42 26 12
Preparing students for careers in engineering in comparison to other countries 1 9 29 35 25
Quality of math and science education 1 19 39 30 10
Science 73%
Math 73%
Multidisciplinary
22%
technology
Areas requiring
Foreign improvement in U.S.
12%
Languages elementary/high schools
2005 (n=2185)
Language Arts 8%
Humanities 3%
44. Please grade U.S. elementary and high schools on the following. Use an ‘A’ through ‘F’ grading scale, where ‘A’ means
they pass with a superior grade and ‘F’ means they fail.
45. Which of the following areas in education require the greatest improvement by U.S. elementary and high schools? 13
(Select up to two areas.)

14. Salary Survey
Also have grave concerns about
college/university education
Grades
% % % % %
U.S. College / University A B C D F
Preparing students for careers in engineering 16 55 24 4 1
Preparing students for careers in engineering in comparison to other countries 25 39 23 10 2
Quality of math and science education 19 53 22 5 1
Multidisciplinary
56%
technology
Science 50%
Math 38%
Foreign
14% Areas requiring
Languages
improvement in US
colleges/universities
Language Arts 11% 2005 (n=2185)
Humanities 6%
46. Please grade U.S. colleges and universities on the following. Use an ‘A’ through ‘F’ grading scale, where ‘A’ means
they pass with a superior grade and ‘F’ means they fail.
47. Which of the following areas in education require the greatest improvement by U.S. colleges and universities? (Select 14
up to two areas.)

15. Salary Survey
Technology creators firmly committed to
education and basic scientific research
U.S. should fund more pure research 88%
Greater incentives should be provided for
86%
the study of science and engineering
Greater funding should be provided to
79%
scientific and engineering programs
More favorable loans should be provided Proportion who feel
to students in scientific and engineering 77% Proportion who feel
that US spends “too
that US spends “too
programs little…supporting
little…supporting
Greater funding should be provided to all scientific research”
scientific research”
67%
colleges and universities
Engineers ––58%
Engineers 58%
U.S. should encourage more foreign-born US Avg ––39%
US Avg 39%
students to study at U.S. colleges and 36%
universities
% Agree Strongly/Somewhat
All U.S. colleges and universities should
23% 2005 (n = 2185)
offer the same engineering curriculum
48. Please indicate how strongly you agree or disagree with each of the following statements. 15

16. Lack of Faith in Future of Profession
 Qualitative research indicates engineers are unlikely to recommend the
profession to today’s children in the U.S. When asked whether they would
recommend it, they replied:
 “No. They’re living in the wrong country.” Jim C., software development manager.
 “I probably won’t want them (his children) to be engineers.” Lei C., design
engineer.
 Further commentary on the future of the profession:
 “Like engineering schools’ enrollment now is down, because everybody thinks it’s
all subcontracted out. They couldn’t even get a job as an engineer. So they don’t
even bother with it. That’s the impression you see now.” Harry B., bioscience
engineer.
 “I was thinking about going into the marketing field and get another degree or
something. You get higher pay and you’ve got a broader range of positions you
can apply for and you probably don’t have the threat of off-shoring. In marketing
you are much safer in terms of the off-shoring.” Lei C., design engineer.
 “As an undergraduate in the U.C. system it’s mostly people from California, but in
graduate school it’s mostly international students. I think it’s because we don’t
value that as much. I don’t know why that is.” Jim C., software development
manager.
16

17. Psychographic Profile of
Technology Creators
17

18. Salary Survey
Marital Status
Married
83%
Widowed/ Single
Separated 11%
Divorced
1%
5%
n = 2165
Q-18. Are you:
18

19. 2001 Psychographic Survey
Number of children in household
2001 average number of children = 2
One child 36%
Two children 40%
Three children 17%
Four or more
7%
children
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Those that have children under 18 living at home n=446
19

20. 2003 Psychographic Survey
Sharing childcare responsibilities with your
spouse
Very likely Somewhat likely Not likely
2003 57% 33% 10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
*Among those where applicable 2003 n=479, 2001 n=446 20

21. 2003 Psychographic Survey
Sharing household responsibilities
with your spouse
Very likely Somewhat likely Not likely
2003 62% 33% 5%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
*Among those where applicable 2003 n=608, 2001 n=446 21

22. 2003 Psychographic Survey
Engineers are less likely to contract out
home projects
A do-it yourself
83%
person
One who hires
17%
others
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
2003
22

23. 2003 Psychographic Survey
Preferred type of book
Science fiction 45%
History 36%
Action/adventure 35%
Self-help 24%
Humor 22%
Biography 22%
Mystery 22%
Classics 18%
Current events 15%
Drama 12%
Horror 6%
Romance 3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
2003
*Aided - Summary 23

24. 2003 Psychographic Survey
Prefer to have dinner with…
Stephen Hawking 29%
Condoleeza Rice 24%
Tim Allen 15%
Julia Roberts 13%
Elizabeth Hurley 9%
Michael Jordan 6%
George Clooney 3%
Serena Williams 1%
0% 10% 20% 30%
*Aided - Summary 24

25. 2005 Psychographic Survey
100%
Personality Continuum
92%
90%
87%
80%
80%
70%
70% 71%
69%
60% 59% 54%
50% 50%
48%
40%
30%
30%
20%
10% 15%
0%
Above Introverted Modern Wide range of Plain Socially active
average interests
intelligence
Engineers' perceptions of other engineers Engineers' perceptions of non-engineers
F-1. Which best describes the engineering colleagues you work with? (For each pair of terms, choose the term or
phrase which best represents your views.)
F-2. Which best describes the non-engineering colleagues you work with? (For each pair of terms, choose the term or
25
phrase which best represents your views.)

26. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Technology Creators Under More Pressure at Work
My job requires that 74%
I keep learning new
things 49%
I get to do a number 62%
of different things on
my job 45%
36%
My job requires that
I work very fast
22%
I have too much 17%
work to do
everything well 5%
% Agree Strongly
Engineers US AVG*
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65
26

27. 2005 Psychographic Survey
And Have a More Challenging Work Environment
I have a lot of freedom to decide how to 39%
do my work 61%
I am proud to be working for my 31%
employer 39%
I have a lot to say about what happens on 29%
my job 37%
On my job, I know exactly what is 26%
expected of me 39%
I have enough information to get the job 23%
done 58%
I trust the management at the place 19%
where I work 29%
16%
Job security is good
51%
8%
I have enough time to get the job done
38%
My main satisfaction in life comes from 7%
work 6%
I am free from the conflicting demands 5% % Agree Strongly
that other people make of me 21%
Engineers US AVG*
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65
27

28. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Technology Creators Have Less Control,
Resources and Balance
Participate with
46%
others in helping set
the way things are
53%
done on the job
Take part with others 43%
in making decisions
that affect you 48%
Not enough people 44%
or staff to get all the
work done 27%
Demands of job 22%
interfere with family
life 15%
7%
Demands of family
life interfere with job
% Often
5%
Engineers US AVG*
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65
28

29. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Fate, Faith or Chance?
Some people use
94%
their will power and
work harder than
97%
others
Society gives some
40%
people a head start
and holds others
54%
back
Some people are 32%
born with better
genes than others 33%
29%
Such things are
decided by God
40%
27%
It's just a matter of % Very/Somewhat Important
chance
15%
Engineers US AVG*
E-2. How important are these reasons why a person’s life turns out well or poorly?
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65 29

30. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Compassion, Generosity and Honesty
85%
Given directions to a stranger
88%
Allowed a stranger to go ahead of you 82%
in line 77%
82%
Given money to a charity
72%
Offered your seat on a bus or in a 47%
public place to a stranger who was 40%
Looked after a person's plants, mail, or 45%
pets while they were away 43%
43%
Done volunteer work for a charity
34%
Returned money to a cashier after 40%
getting too much change 29%
Given food or money to a homeless 38%
person 48%
Let someone you didn't know well 33%
borrow an item of some value - like 30%
Carried a stranger's belongings, like 28%
groceries, a suitcase, or a shopping bag 34%
15% Behavior during past 12 months
Donated blood 10%
Engineers US AVG*
E-1. During the past 12 months, how often have you done any of the following?
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65 30

31. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Technology Creators Lack Faith in People
Running Institutions
Scientific community 56%
57%
33%
Medicine 49%
US Supreme Court 31%
40%
Military 31%
33%
24%
Banks and financial institutions 24%
Education 19%
26%
13%
Major companies 32%
Organized religion 12%
24%
Executive brand of federal government 12%
18%
6%
Press 17%
Congress 4%
12%
Organized labor 3%
9% % Great deal of
TV 2% confidence
10%
Engineers US AVG*
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65
31

32. 2005 Psychographic Survey
Social Views / Budget Priorities
Improving the nation's education system 65%
67%
Supporting scientific research 58%
39%
Improving and protecting the environment 57%
64%
Improving and protecting the nation's health 55%
63%
Mass transportation
49%
44%
Dealing with drug addiction 36%
58%
Halting the rising crime rate 35%
63%
Space exploration program 34%
27%
Highways and bridges
33%
40%
Solving the problems of the big cities
32%
50%
Assistance for childcare 29%
55%
Social security 28%
44%
Parks and recreation
27%
35%
The military, armaments and defense
15%
20%
Improving the condition of African-Americans 13%
34%
Welfare 13%
15%
Foreign aid 13% Spending too
5%
little
Engineers US AVG*
*From General Social Survey (ICPSR) sample of college educated males between 21 and 65
32

33. In Conclusion…
 U.S. competitiveness and leadership in technology innovation is in decline,
according to seminal psychographic research of the innovators themselves
 Nine out of ten technology creators believe America will lose its leadership
position in technology innovation
 Little-considered factors such as U.S. society’s perceived lack of respect for
or valuation of the engineering profession may be contributing to this
decline
 Fewer college students choosing S&E degrees
 Fewer people entering the profession
 Unsettling tolerance for poor math and science performance in K-12 schools
 Technology creators are among the most stereotyped of professionals:
geeks, nerds, pocket-protector-wearing.
 In actual fact, they are huge contributors to our society in terms of
contributing to the backbone of our economic well-being and enabling our
standard of living.
33

34. Addendum: Methodology and
Respondent Characteristics
34

35. Methodology
 Engineering Psychographic Study - 2005
 Online survey
 Fieldwork dates August 3rd through August 5th, 2005
 Email addresses provided by EE Times
 A total of 4,083 useable responses received (margin of error +/- 1.7%
 Objectives
 Social, political and religious attitudes
 Work attitudes
 Psychographic and lifestyle profile
 Engineering In-Depth Interviews – 2005
 In person interviews
 Conducted April 28th, 2005 in Sunnyvale, CA
 Total of seven (7) interviews
 Objectives
 Motivation
 Risks and rewards of engineering
 Collegiality, decision-making
 Salary and Opinion Study - 2005
 Online survey
 Fieldwork dates June 21st through June 29th, 2005
 Email addresses provided by EE Times
 A total of 2,185 useable responses received (margin of error +/- 1.3%)
 Objectives:
 Gauge satisfaction with career, job, and employer
35

36. Methodology
 Engineering Psychographic Study – 2003
 Online survey
 Fieldwork dates March 18th to March 24th, 2003
 Email addresses provided by EE Times
 Total of 680 usable responses received (margin of error +/- 3/6%)
 Objectives
 Work and family
 Leisure activities
 Personal preferences
 All projects managed by Beacon Technology Partners LLC
Beacon Technology Partners (BTP) of Maynard, MA, is a full-service primary market research firm
dedicated to the technology industry. Founded in 1996, its purpose is to provide managers and marketers
in high tech firms more penetrating insights into their customers and prospects.
Beacon provides its clients a full-range of primary market research tools, including:
Survey research (including telephone, Web-based, mail and hybrid methodologies)
Statistical modeling (including correspondence analysis or perceptual mapping, regressio
modeling, conjoint analysis, market segmentation, and other statistical tools and methods)
Qualitative research (focus groups – both in-person and on-line, in-depth interviews, small group
studies, and so on)
International research capabilities
Its many clients include many of the largest technology and tech publishing firms in the world. For a
complete list of these clients, see BTP’s Web site (www.beacontech.com)
36

37. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Gender
Female
6%
Male
94%
n = 4072
A-1. What is your gender? 37

38. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Age
Younger than
60 years or 30 years
older 10%
30 to 39 years
6%
24%
50 to 59 years
23%
40 to 49 years
37%
n = 4078
Mean = 43.7 years
A-2. What is your age? 38

39. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Gender By Age Cohort
11% 5% 2%
Notice
increase in
proportion of
female
engineers
among 89% 95% 98%
youngest age
cohort
Under 35 35 - 49 50 +
Male Female
A-1 What is your gender?
39

40. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Geographical Region
New England = 8%
Pacific = 29%
West North
Central = 6% East North
Central = Middle
Mountain = 10% Atlantic =
13%
10%
South Atlantic = 12%
East South
West South Central = 2%
Central =
10%
n = 3715
A-3. What is the zip code at your business address?
40

41. Salary Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Country of Origin
Other Europe
2% ROW
UK
3%
Other Asia 2%
3%
PRC
3%
India
3%
North America
84%
10. What is your country of origin?
41

42. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Education
PhD 8%
MSEE 25%
MA/MS 7%
MSCS 5%
MBA 6%
Engineering Post Grad (no degree) 12%
BSEE 45%
BSCS 6%
Associates 7%
College (no degree) 5%
No college 1%
n = 3986
A-4. Which of the following describes your higher-education background? (Multiple response) 42

43. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Company Size
Fewer than
100
25,000 or 22%
more
26% 100 to 499
13%
500 to 999
6%
10,000 to
1,000 to 4,999
24,999 5,000 to 9,999
17%
8% 8%
n = 4080
Median = 2,950 employees
B-3. How many people are employed by your company at all its sites and locations? 43

44. Psychographic Survey
Respondent Characteristics
Job Function
Corporate
mgmt
4%
Engineering
mgmt
25%
Engineering
staff
Engineering management includes: 71%
-Engineer manager
-Project leader
Engineering staff includes:
-Design & development engineer
-Component engineer
-Engineering services
-Engineering assistant/technician
n = 4082
B-1. Which of the following best describes your job function? 44

45. References
• 1 NSF Ind. 2004, Fig. 2-34 www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind04/c2/fig02-34.htm
• 2 NSF Ind. 2004, Appdx. Table 2-36 www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind04/append/c2/at02-36.xls
• 3American Association for the Advancement of Science. www.aaas.org/spp/rd/guidisc.htm
Compiled by the APS Office of Public Affairs
• 4 S&E Indicators, 2004
• 5“OECD Countries Spend More on Research and Development, Face New Challenges.”
OECD, 2004
www.oecd.org/document/2/0,2340,en_2649_201185_34100162_1_1_1_1,00.html and Jia,
Hepeng. “Funding Boost for Basic Science in China.” SciDevNet, 2005,
www.scidev.net/News/index.cfm?fuseaction=readnews&itemid=1941&language=1
• 6 NSF Ind. 2004, Appdx. Table 5-48 www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind04/append/c5/at05-48.xls
• 7Rising Above The Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter
Economic Future www.nap.edu/catalog/11463.html
45