There are five phases of matter: solids, liquids, gases, plasma, and Bose-Einstein condensates. Solids have fixed shapes and volumes, liquids flow easily but maintain the shape of their containers, and gases spread out freely and have high speeds. Plasma is formed when heat separates electrons and nuclei into ions and electrons. Bose-Einstein condensates were predicted in the 1920s and created in 1995 using super cold, unexcited atoms. Matter can change between phases through excitation of particles by heat or other means.

1. PHASES OF MATTER

2. WHAT IS MATTER?
 Anything
that occupies SPACE and
has MASS.
 Everything we see around us are
MATTER.

3. 3 PHASES
OF
MATTER

4. A phase is a distinct and
homogeneous state of a system with
no visible boundary separating it into
parts.
 Conversion between these states is
called a phase transition.

5. SOLIDS
A solid is matter in which the
molecules are very close together and
cannot move around.

6. LIQUIDS
Aliquid is matter in which the
molecules are close together and
move around slowly.

7. GASES
 A gas is matter in which the molecules are widely
separated, move around freely, and move at high
speeds.

8. Summary of the characteristics of Solid liquid
and gas
gas liquid solid
assumes the assumes the retains a fixed
shape and volume shape of the part volume and
of its container of the container shape
which it occupies
compressible not easily not easily
compressible compressible
flows easily flows easily does not flow
easily

9. ARE THERE ONLY 3 PHASES OF
MATTER????
4th phase of matter PLASMA
5th Phase of matter- BEC or
Bose-Einstein Liquid
condensate

10. PLASMA
 Eventually, given enough heat, the electrons
and nucleus become separated and into
positively, charged ions and negatively
charged electrons.
 This
group or cluster of ions and electrons is
known as a plasma.
 PLASMAparticles are VERY EXCITED
PARTICLES.

11.  Sir
William Crookes, an English physicist,
identified a fourth state of matter, now called
plasma, in 1879.

13. EXAMPLES OF PLASMA
An aurora is a natural
light display in the sky Modern plasma lamps
particularly in the high are a family of light
latitude (Arctic and sources that generate
Antarctic) regions, light by exciting
caused by the collision of plasma inside a closed
a
energetic charged transparent burner or
particles with atoms in bulb using radio
the high altitude frequency (RF) power.
PLASMA LAMP
atmosphere AURORA BOREALIS

14. BEC OR BOSE-EINSTEIN LIQUID
CONDENSATE
 In
1995, two scientists, Eric AllinCornell and
Carl Weiman, finally created the condensate
 Two other scientists, Satyendra Bose and
Albert Einstein, had predicted it in the
1920s, but they didn't have the equipment
and facilities to make it happen at that time.
 They are super unexcited and super
cold atoms.

15. HOW CAN PARTICLES BE EXCITED??
Remember these pictures

16. MATTER HAS ENERGY